AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/067
*Corresponding Author: Monika Seth, C/o Ajay Seth, Post Box 3168, PC 112, Ruwi, Sultanate of Oman.
Citation: Monika Seth (2021) Prevalence of Obesity and Its Association with Socio Demographic Factors in Obese Omani Women in the Age Group of 30-49 Years. J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 4(6); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/067
Copyright: © 2020 Monika Seth, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 11 August 2021 | Accepted: 18 August 2021 | Published: 26 August 2021
Keywords: BMI; obese; omani women; socio demographic factors; WHR; gulf food; obesity
Background: Obesity is a severe public health issue that is escalating at an alarming rate around the world. Almost all the developed and developing nations are experiencing this health crisis at varying levels; cultural and socio-demographic factors contributing significantly. Like many other Gulf countries, Oman is also facing increasing trends in obesity and the associated morbidities which have erupted as the most challenging health concerns in Oman, especially in women.
Objective: This research was done to see impact of socio demographic factors such as age, occupation, marriage, education, income on obesity in Omani women.
Method: A cross sectional study was done on 398 Omani women in the age group of 30 – 49 years with “BMI” (Body Mass Index) above 30. A questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic information of subjects through interview. The anthropometric measurements such as “BMI” and “WHR” (Waist Hip Ratio) were used to classify them as class I, II and III obese statistical models.
Results: Sample of 398 women included 38 % in 30-34 years, 22% in 35-40 years, 16% in 40-44 years and 23% in 45-49 years age. 21% having BMI above 40 were classified as class III, 32% were class II (BMI 35-40) and 47% of women were class I obese (BMI 30-35). 60 % of sample was from Muscat and 40% from Batina. 76% of subjects were married, 18 % single and 3 % separated. 57 % of participants were from joint families and 43 % nuclear. 36% graduates, 25% diploma, 25% till high school and 14% middle school. 43% of women were not working and 51% working. 47% of subjects had family income over Rial Omani 2000, 45% between Rial Omani 600-2000 and 8% had income below Rial Omani 600.
Conclusion: Results indicate high prevalence of obesity and its association with several socio demographic characteristics. There is an urgent need for launching awareness health program focusing on healthy lifestyle.
Evidence has clearly indicated that over the last few decades, overweight and obesity has risen globally at an alarming rate [1]. It is discouraging to note that the burden of obesity among adults increased to more than double during the period 1980 - 2014 and the prevalence is higher among women than men [1, 2]. It has been declared as global epidemic by World Health Organization because of the prominent incidence across the globe [2, 3]. Currently, almost all the developed as well as developing countries are witnessing this health crisis, but may be to fluctuating levels, not only by country and area but also by the cultural and other socio demographic variables [3,4].
Overweight, particularly obesity, is the most important threat for many heart diseases such as high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia and in addition diabetes mellitus, certain types of cancers like breast and endometrial cancers [5]. It has been reported that obesity is often considered a disease by itself [6]and a strong connection between obesity and psychological/mental issues has been documented.
Mounting burden of the “NCDs” (non communicable diseases) is a matter of grave health concern globally and it was projected by the WHO in 2005 that roughly 61% of the global deaths may be attributable to obesity and the associated morbidities and 49% of the disease burden across the world and if these rising trends persist, 70% of the global deaths and 57% of the disease burden worldwide may be attributable to obesity by 2030 [7].
Like other Gulf countries, the social advancement in Oman has brought cultural changes, shift in eating patterns, decline in communicable diseases and rising trends of overweight and obesity related comorbidities like hypertension , diabetes mellitus, high cholesterol etc.to name a few [8]. Many studies have reported a concerning rise in sedentary lifestyle and highly noticeable Western influence on the traditional Gulf food choices which synergize well with adoption of Westernized diets, physical inactivity and increased risk of developing non-communicable obesity related diseases [9]. Oman faces a massive disease burden related to overweight and obesity and numerous studies have recorded the distribution of risk factors associated to “NCDs” and increasing rates of lifestyle related diseases which have erupted as the most challenging health issues in Oman especially in women [10, 11]. Despite these alarming trends, women are less likely to be aware of benefits of healthy eating and involvement in any type of physical activity is not very common The most widely identified obstacles to women in choosing a healthier and active lifestyle may be the dictated familial roles (such as babysitting, cooking, household chores etc.), lack of motivation and awareness about being healthy, lack of self-efficacy , lack of family and community support, acceptance of larger body sizes due to ignorance[12].
The rapid socioeconomic growth of Oman combined with the demographic developments over the past four decades are a good health indicators but unfortunately such accomplishments can however be swamped by the drastic and concerning rise in chronic diseases like cardiovascular heart diseases, diabetes and other obesity associated disorders to name a few. Where the milestones in the nation’s wellbeing are achieved, there has to be a deliberate attempt from the Oman government and integrated strategies with more focus on efficient, cost efficient primary obesity prevention services on transforming attitudes and behaviors among the Omani population [13].
Determining the prevalence of obesity and identifying the obesity correlates is of utmost significance especially in developing public health awareness and intervention programs. The main objective of this research was to understand the association between socio demographic variables and obesity in obese adult Omani women.
The present cross-sectional study included obese women aged 30-49 years visiting Al Raffah hospital. The subjects were enrolled between August 2019 and December 2019. The study was conducted after explaining the purpose of the study and obtaining informed consent from each participant. Pregnant women and those with any eating disorder were not included in the study. A total of 398 subjects with “BMI” above 30 aged 30-49 years were included and Cochran’s formula was used to arrive at the sample size. Each subject was administered a bilingual questionnaire to obtain the socio-demographic information like age, occupation, income levels, type of family, marital and education status. “BMI” was calculated using the formula BMI = Weight (kg) / height (m2) and was used as an indicator of obesity. The weight was measured using commercial scale like Pigaso digital scale (GIMA, Italy) with an accuracy of ±100g. Standing height of the participant was also measured using the Pigaso digital scale. The participant was asked to stand on the horizontal platform without shoes, hold the arms loosely at the sides with the palms facing the thighs. The horizontal bar was lowered until it touched the crown of the participant’s head. The height was recorded to the nearest centimeters and if the reading fell between two values, the lower reading was always recorded. BMI was calculated and the cutoffs provided by the World Health Organization for defining obese (BMI above 30), obesity class I (30-34.99), obesity class II (35-39.99), obesity class III (more than 40) were adopted [14]. Waist and hip circumference was measured using a flexible and inelastic tape measure and noted in cm. This ratio is calculated by dividing the waist circumference (cm) by the hip circumference (cm). The WHR above 0.85 in women is considered to be obese and risk of diseases rises steeply when the WHR rises above 0.8 [14].
Using IBM Statistics SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corp. 2017), collected facts were analyzed. Continuous variables with mean, median and standard deviation were provided for illustrative purposes. With frequency and percentage, categorical variables were presented. To compare the categorical variables, a Chi square test was used. The probability value was considered statistically significant at < 0.05
A total of 398 obese Omani women with BMI above 30, non-pregnant and free from any eating disorders were included in the study.
The study sample was very well distributed in different age groups with 38 % (n= 153) of the subjects were between 30-34 years, 22% (n= 89) between 35-40 years, 16% (n= 63) were in the age bracket 40-44 years while 23% (n= 93) of the subjects were in 45-49 years age group. The anthropometric measurements revealed a worrisome picture with 21% (n= 85) of the participants having BMI above 40 and were classified as class III obese, 32% (n= 126) were obese class II (BMI 35-40) and 47% (n= 187) of the women were having class I obesity (BMI 30-35). It also stated that obesity increased with age and women above 40 years were found to have slightly higher BMI than their younger counterparts. The obesity class distribution within each age bracket is shown in Graph 1.The average WHR was also higher in the age brackets of 40 to 44 and 45 to 49 yrs.
The socio demographic variables associated to class of obesity are captured in (Table 1). As indicated in (Table 1) the study sample was very well distributed between the two main regions which are Muscat (60%) and Batinah (40%). The obesity classification indicated that class II and class III obesity was more prevalent in Batinah region at 57% versus 50% contribution in Muscat explaining the correlation between awareness, education and dietary habits and obesity (Batinah being the interiors / semi urban had fewer options of gymnasiums and health centers for females and in addition the women lack basic awareness and importance of healthy weight and healthy habits).
Results from the marital status details indicated that 76% (n=302) of the subjects were married, 18 % (n=72) were single, 3 % (n= 13) were separated while 3 % (n=11) of the participants did not reveal their marital status. Out of those women who were single, 85
In the current research, the association between obesity and socio-economic factors within a sample from the Omani obese women population aged 30-49 years was studied.
Anthropometric measurements suggested a clear and concerning picture of high prevalence of obesity among the participants with 53% of the women in class II and III (BMI) obesity versus 47% in class I indicating high obesity rates in Omani women. The WHR (another indicator to measure obesity especially central obesity) parameters also revealed 70% of the subjects had WHR above 0.85, were abdominally obese and more prone to obesity associated disorders. These findings are very well supported by a study done in Saudi Arabia reporting a dominance of obesity and abdominal obesity in females than their male counterparts [15].
Age was strongly linked to obesity among the subjects, as reported by numerous studies in the past and this significant connection between age and obesity as well as central obesity can be attributed to post menopause to a great extent. Similar patterns were also observed in a few studies done on women in Turkey [16], Iran [17] and Oman [18] reporting lesser obesity rates for women under 30 years and peak obesity between 30-60 years of age. Weight gain with age was recorded amongst majority of the people belonging to the Eastern Mediterranean Region and many other developing countries [19].
The study sample was collected from two main regions and the data revealed that 60% of the subjects belonged to Muscat 40% were from Batinah region. The obesity classification indicated that class II and class III obesity was more prevalent in Batinah region at 57% versus 50% contribution in Muscat explaining the correlation between awareness, education and dietary habits and obesity. Batinah being the interiors / semi urban had fewer options of gymnasiums and health centers for females and in addition the women lack basic awareness and importance of healthy weight and healthy habits. These findings are very well documented by the results of a survey done on Omani women which revealed that women residing in the semi urban regions indulge in overeating and larger portions of calorie dense, foods rich in saturated fats as compared to those who were living the Capital region. In addition to this, a fat and flabby body is still considered to be a symbol of “good health and well-being” [20].
A majority of the participants at 76% were married and those who were still single were mainly between 30-34 years and were either studying or started their professional career. The explanation of why such high rates of obesity among the subjects could be due to high fertility rates and high illiteracy rates (especially among women above 35 years) leading to unawareness and ignorance regarding a healthy body and weight. These results are also comparable to some previous studies done on Pakistani women were married women were more confined to home, with fewer opportunities for stepping out for any physical activity making them more prone to weight gain over a period of time [21, 22]. Observational studies indicate that both men and women entering marriage are more likely to become obese; marriage is considered an event recognized in diverse ethnic background. In addition to this, marriage was also correlated with a reduction in physical activity, along with increased social responsibilities encouraging increased food consumption and adoption of many unhealthy lifestyle habits [23]. Studies conducted in various Middle East and North African countries such Syria, Iran, and Morocco [24] have documented the positive marriage-obesity relationship. Data from a national survey done in Greece also revealed that married adults had higher tendency for obesity than those who are single, widowed or divorced [25].
Higher education was a popular trend among the subjects as indicated by the results and this finding was very well supported by the fact that the number of Omani women taking higher education is also rising in Oman [26]. Obesity was found to be inversely related to educational attainment which could be due to better awareness and understanding about choosing a healthier lifestyle and dietary options and is very much in line with studies previously. Among less educated subjects, the higher levels of obesity and central obesity are similar to the findings of other studies; higher education can contribute to a healthier diet , more active lifestyle and better awareness about their body and physique especially in Omani women [27]. These results are further supported by studies done in developed countries where negative associations have been found between education and obesity in women [28]. Education seems to influence the obesity epidemic significantly, especially in the Gulf countries where evidence indicate direct link between obesity and illiteracy. According to studies, 51 percent of Syrians with a low level of education are fat, compared to 28 percent of those with a university education. Jordanians with fewer than 12 years of education are roughly 1.6 times as likely as those with more than 12 years of education [29].
It was indicated in the results that government employees (sitting job) were more obese than those working in the private sector, showing the correlation of more sitting time in government jobs and obesity. Similar findings were reported in a study done on Omani women to study the sedentary behavior and it was revealed that the women who are working may be spending most of their hours sitting due to their job requirement. Interestingly few findings in Australia and United Kingdom have reported similar results in terms of sitting time at work place [30]. In addition, both studies showed that sitting at work contributed to 50% of the overall regular sitting time and TV watching during the non-working hours was the biggest contributor to sedentary behaviors. Furthermore, both studies found that sitting at work contributed to 50% of the total daily sitting time and that watching television was the major contributor to non-working day activities. In the present study, married adult women seemed to spend more time sitting while watching television. A number of studies have highlighted the significance of socio-economic factors and lifestyle choices thus obesity [31] and total family income was very strongly and positively linked to obesity in both men and women. In a study done on Iranian population sample, Najafi et al. discovered a reduced prevalence of obesity among the poor and a link between income and obesity was also observed [32]. At the same time, higher revenues will give more access to a variety of food and lifestyle options along with a parallel decline in the physical activity with increased family income. Women of the highest socioeconomic status were found to be more inclined to adopt Western lifestyle, more restaurant and fast foods and more sedentary time spent during the day i.e. watching TV, computers etc. [33].
Over the past three decades, Oman has witnessed rapid socio-economic developments resulting in nutrition transition from conventional to more westernized lifestyles, decline in physical activity, increased fatty and calorie dense foods giving birth to more and lazier and unhealthier people [34, 35]. In Oman, social and cultural barriers demanding separate requirements of men and women especially in regions other than the Muscat capital leading to fewer exercise or training choices (male trainers or coaches) available to women and making it less favorable for women in the Sultanate [36]. Moreover, in certain areas of Oman, current cultural expectations make it less appropriate for women to be seen walking and exercising alone without a close family member. Further, majority of women are still confined to home as housewives with a full time help and do not step up out much due to hot weather along with high intake of calorie dense foods; these are presumed to be the risk factors for Arab Women.
The study had the usual limitation of single investigator study and was limited to obese Omani women visiting Al Raffha hospital.
The current study provides a better understanding of the correlation between socio demographic variables and obesity in the Omani women population. High socio economic status and a wealthier lifestyle are considered the leading concomitant risk factors of overweight and obesity in any population across the world. There is a need to create awareness among the general public on adopting a healthy lifestyle and also see the possibility of preventive obesity programs to reduce the prevalence especially in the targeted societies.
The authors acknowledge the contribution of staff at Al Raffah Hospital in assisting while interviewing the subjects for the research
There are no funding sources for this research work.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
