AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Chat with us
Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/107
1 Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center P.O. Box 198, Shashemane, Ethiopia.
2 Department of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Wachamo University, Ethiopia.
*Corresponding Author: Desta Abayechaw, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center P.O. Box 198, Shashemane, Ethiopia.
Citation: Desta Abayechaw, Hailu Lire and Wondimu Tamrat., (2023), Health Benefits and Risk of Sugar Consumption and the Alternative Use of Stevia, J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 6(1); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/107
Copyright: © 2023, Desta Abayechaw. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 26 December 2022 | Accepted: 05 January 2023 | Published: 13 January 2023
Keywords: sugar; stevia; health benefits; risk
Sugar is one of the most important beloving ingredients in food products in today’s life and almost everyone enjoys it every day. It’s an essential structural component of living cells and a source of energy in many organisms. Although consumption of sugar activates the “feel-good hormone” of the brain on the other side it can even make you addicted to it. As sugar consumption grew in the latter part of the 20th century worldwide, different researchers from many countries examined the excessive use of sugar in our daily diet, especially refined sugar, as damaging to human health. This review thought could be concluded that we are in a sugar crisis, therefore, the alternative use of sweetens like stevia, making small dietary changes, and eliminating sugar from our diets as much as possible.
All green plants manufacture sugar through photosynthesis, the process by which plants transform sunlight into their food and energy supply. Of all plant types, sugar beets and sugar cane have the greatest quantities of sugar, which is why they make the most efficient choices from which to extract sugar. Many types of sugars are found in the diet daily. These include example, glucose, fructose, sucrose, and lactose. When the term ‘sugar’ is used, people are referring to ‘sucrose’ (table sugar). Sugars make up a nutrient called carbohydrate (makil et al., 2010; yong et al., 2014). This instant energy is fulfilled by the intake of sugars. Besides this, a therapy used for overcoming chronic back pain termed Prolotherapy indulges sugar (glucose or dextrose) in injections for relieving pain. In addition, many drugs consist of glycans (a type of sugar) as an essential ingredient. Drugs such as heparin (used for treatment and prevention of blood clots in veins, arteries, or lungs), erythropoietin, some anti-flu drugs, and drugs treating cancer contain glycans (Varucha et al., 2016). Even though there are many uses of sugar but yet the fight of sugar being a friend or a foe, irresolvable, continues to be. In certain aspects, sugar is considered to be a foe, yet its complete absence in our diet will affect our health to a great extent. Thus, this review highlights the effect of sugar intake (beneficial or harmful) on human health and the alternative use of stevia.
Methodology
This review paper was taken from different literature, books, websites, and scientific journals which are related to the health benefits and risks of sugar consumption and stevia.
History of Sugar
Since ancient times, sugar has been produced in India; it was expensive at first so honey was more often used for sweetening in the world. Sugarcane was a native of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia, and people chewed it to extract it (Miller et al., 2009). In Europe, sugar was found by the 1st century and used as an imported medicine, not as a food (Galloway, 2005). Sugar stayed relatively unimportant until the Indians discovered methods to turning sugarcane juice into granulated crystals which is easier to store and transport around the 5th century (Adas, 2001). In the 15th century, Venice was the chief sugar refining and distribution center in Europe (Rolph, 1917). China established its first sugarcane plantations in the 17th century. Chinese documents confirm at least two missions to India, initiated in 647 AD, to obtain technology for sugar refining (Davis and Novotny, 1989). When Arab armies conquered the region, they carried away the knowledge of sugar manufacture and love of sugar as a food, condiment, and medicine. In the early 700s Islamic armies had conquered much of Spain, bringing the culture of sugar with them (Cohen, 2014). In the 19th century, sugar became more widely available, popular, and considered a necessity. This evolution of taste and demand for sugar as an essential food ingredient unleashed major economic and social changes (Mintz, 1986).
Health Benefits of Sugar Consumption
Carbohydrates are one of the most plentiful biomolecules on Earth, sugar and starch are the essential part of food in most places of the world (Margaret et al., 2018). Sugar is one of the most important ingredients in food products in today’s life (Figure 1). Although consumption of sugar activates the “feel-good hormone” of the brain. Realization of their sweetness was earlier as compared to its use as an energy source and an important dietary component. Although sugar is vital for defraying many physiological functions of our body properly. By providing energy currency, ATP, and some other beneficial physiological activities of the body, the carbohydrates have earned the sake of macronutrients which are found in several foods and beverages. The main function of carbohydrates is to offer energy to the body for its functioning and physical activities, utilizing glucose as its source (Varucha et al., 2016). Our body would cease to function properly if there is no sugar intake (Varucha et al., 2016). The primary function of sugar in food products is to provide sweetness and energy, in addition, sugar plays a very important role in preservation, fermentation, color, and texture (Rosa et al., 2009), it is also, used as an antioxidant Function, and Flavor (Margaret et al., 2018).
Figure 1: Sugar
Health Risk of Sugar Consumption
We hear so often that we should avoid sugar as much as possible because it is not good for our health. It is important to understand the reasons WHY and HOW it is detrimental to our health. Before sugar (sucrose) enters the bloodstream from the digestive tract, it is broken down into two simple sugars called glucose and fructose. Glucose is in every living cell, and if we don't get it from our diet, our bodies produce it. Fructose is different because our bodies do not produce it in any significant amount, and there is no physiological need for it. Fructose can only be metabolized by the liver in large amounts, which is usually not a problem if it is eaten in moderate amounts. It will be turned into glycogen and stored in the liver until it is needed. However, if the liver is overloaded with glycogen, then consuming more fructose will turn it into fat. For people who are inactive and eat a Western diet, large amounts of fructose from added sugars get turned into fat in the liver (Healthline, 2017 cited by Kristen, 2018).
Recently, several research studies have observed that excess sugar consumption is related to an excess calorie accumulation, and may lead to a substantial number of health concerns. Among these health problems are increased risk of obesity (Bermudez, 2010; Bray et al., 2004; Kohli et al., 2010; Ludwig et al., 2001), cardiovascular disease (Johnson et al., 2009; Angelopoulos et al., 2009), type 2 diabetes mellitus (Schulze et al.,
2003; Lana et al., 2014), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (Hung et al., 2014), and cancer occurrence in the colon (Wang et al., 2014), pancreas (Nöthlings et al., 2007), breast (Wong, 2015) and ovaries (. King, 2013; Silvera et al., 2007). In 2013, Han E. and Powell M. concluded that added sugar intake has increased in the United States and worldwide over the past fifteen years in all age groups, with the most significant increase in young adults (Han and Powell, 2013).
With the results of recent research, it is not surprising that in March 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) (Figure 1) called for decreasing added sugar consumption to less than ten percent of daily caloric intake, noting that further reduction to less than 5% of daily caloric intake would provide additional health benefits. These health benefits include decreasing the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and tooth decay (WHO, 2015). The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends limiting the consumption of added sugar to 5% of the daily caloric intake. Specifically, women and men should limit their added sugar consumption to no more than 100 calories and 150 calories respectively (Johnson et al., 2009). Also, the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting added sugar consumption to less than 10% of the daily calorie intake. For a 2000 daily calorie diet, this is approximately 200 calories, which is about the amount of added sugar in just one regular 12 oz. soda beverage (U.S. DHH and A, 2017).
Figure 2: Current added sugar consumption level and WHO recommendations (Sources: WHO, 2015)
Diets that are high in simple sugars may result in decreased HDL cholesterol (Mensink et al., 2003; Appel et al., 2005) and elevated fasting triglycerides (Aeberli et al., 2011; Antar et al., 1970) which are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In 2013, the American Health Association (AHA) claimed that sugar-sweetened beverages including sodas, sports drinks, and fruit drinks might be associated with approximately 180,000 deaths around the world each year (AHA et al., 2013). The study calculated the quantities of sugar-sweetened beverages consumed by age and sex, the effects of this consumption on obesity and diabetes rates; and the impact of obesity and diabetes-related deaths. By using data collected as part of the 2010 Global Burden of Diseases Study, the researchers linked the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages to 133,000 diabetes deaths, 44,000 deaths from cardiovascular diseases, and 6,000 cancer deaths (AHA, 2013). Moreover, 78% of these deaths were over-consuming sugary drinks in low and middle-income countries, rather than in high-income countries (AHA et al., 2013).
Presently, social media and social life can have a significant influence on food and beverage choices. Social media marketing has been increasing, and sugar-sweetened soda and energy drink brands represented 84% of these Facebook likes, 86% of Twitter followers, and 95% of YouTube views (Pelletier et al., 2014). Moreover, young adults’ dietary patterns appear to be affected by social norms. Young adults’ dietary behaviors and attitudes appear to reflect their perceptions of normative behavior, particularly among friends. However, sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among young adults is significantly associated with the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among family and friends (Pelletier et al., 2014). Young people are particularly susceptible to the consumption of excess added sugar. Thus, it is important to identify attitudes toward added sugar and consumption trends so that 16 public health educators and an awareness campaign can address this issue. It can also help in increasing the awareness of health issues associated with added sugar, and informing the population how added sugar consumption can be controlled.
Alternative Use of Stevia
Stevia is a natural sweetener plant that is grown commercially in many parts of Brazil, Paraguay, Central America, Thailand, Korea, China, India, and other African countries. The leaves of stevia are the source of sweet glycosides (Figure 2). It is mainly used as a sweetener and flavor enhancer in the food and beverage industry. The chemical compound obtained from stevia is considered to be the best alternative source of sugar, especially for diabetes patients (Hossain et al., 2017). The leaves of this popular plant are sweet and ideal for people who are conscious of sugar and carbohydrate intake. With zero calories, the plant is being recognized as a great replacement for sugar and other sweeteners (SSKF, 2015). Stevia is a plant with carbohydrate-based compounds that are 200-300 times sweeter than sugar. It is reported that steviosides have insulinotropic effects in pancreatic beta cells because it increases insulin secretion and thereby decreases blood glucose level. It can be extracted and used as alternative sweeteners for sugars (Midmore and Rank, 2020). Non-caloric, natural sweeteners, which can save people from diabetes, may receive greater focus in the future. There is an immediate focus on this plant now as a natural alternative to artificial sweeteners (Cuervo et al., 2012).
Figure 3: Stevia leaves
Medicinal Use of stevia
According to World Health Organization (WHO) findings, stevia regulates blood pressure, fights cavities, induces pancreas to produce more insulin, and acts as bactericidal agent (Bhosle, 2004). No negative clinical reports have appeared in any of the countries where stevia is readily available (Mahmud et al., 2014). Medicinal plants are becoming very popular for the treatment of different diseases all over the world (Mostofa et al., 2010). Stevia is suited for diabetic and obese persons. It may later be advantageous in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. It also showed antibacterial, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, hypotensive, diuretic, and cardiotonic properties. It has shown good results in clearing up skin problems like dermatitis, eczema, wrinkles, skin blemishes, acne outbreaks, scarring, rashes, and itchiness. Steviol regulates blood glucose levels by enhancing not only insulin secretion but also insulin utilization in insulin-deficient animals and is also used as a digestive tonic. It is expected to bring hope to diabetic people who have craving for sweets (Ranjan et al., 2011). Its leaves contain approximately 10% of steviosides which are intensely sweet compounds with particular benefits to diabetics (Midmore and Rank, 2002).
Stevia raw stuff works as a synthesizer of oral contraceptives, cholesterol suppressing medicine, antitumor activity against prostrate tumors, and activity against rheumatism. Its medicinal uses include regulating blood sugar, preventing hypertension, treatment of skin disorders, and preventing tooth decay. The compound obtained from stevia is considered to be the best alternative sweetener source for diabetes patients. The added value for this new crop can go up to a considerable extent. Statistics indicate that in some countries up to 30 % of their needed sugar is replaced by stevioside-like sweetness products. The leaves of stevia (Figure 2) are the source of steviol glycosides, stevioside, and rebaudioside, which are estimated to be 300 times sweeter than sugar but also have no effect on blood sugar, so it is helpful for hypo glycaemia and type-2 diabetes (Soejarto, 2002; Ramesh et al., 2006). It nourishes the pancreas and thereby helps to restore its normal function. Furthermore, stevia contains a high percentage of phenols and flavonoids, which cause stevia to have a high antioxidant activity (Tadhani et al., 2007; Shukla et al., 2009). Phenols are the secondary metabolites that cause the cardiac and cancer diseases to decrease (Tadhani, 2007).
The plant may have cardio tonic actions, which normalize blood pressure and regulate the heartbeat (Ranjan et al., 2011). The plant displays vasodilator actions in both normotensive and hypertensive animals. Stevia has also helped to reduce blood pressure cases and has increased diuretic and natriuretic effects in rats (Ranjan et al., 2011). Dietary sucrose has been implicated to cause dental caries. It is believed that sugar substitutes can reduce the incidence of dental caries. Stevioside has been found to reduce dental caries. It may exert its action in three different ways: antibacterial effect, production of low acidic condition, and anti-plaque activity (Basu, 2012). In addition to their use in calorie control and for diabetics, alternative sweeteners offer another benefit in maintaining good dental health by reducing the intake of sucrose (Grenby, 1997). Stevia possesses anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties in addition to its other versatile uses. It can safely be used in herbal medicines, tonics for diabetic patients, and also in daily usage products such as mouthwashes and toothpastes. Mild stevia leaf tea also offers excellent relief for an upset stomach (Goyal et al., 2010). Stevia rebaudiana sweeteners are used sparingly and there seems to be no threat to public health, although caution should be exercised at higher daily intake levels (Schardt, 2000). Despite their widespread use in several different parts of the world, no evidence of adverse reactions due to the ingestion of S. rebaudiana extracts of stevioside by humans has appeared in the biomedical literature (Kinghorn, 2020). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have determined that high purity stevia extract is safe for consumption by the general population when consumed within the recommended levels.
Final Note
In view of the above, Sugars are the basic building blocks of carbohydrates found in nature. All green plants providing foodstuffs, including fruits and vegetables, grains, as well as milk and honey, contain naturally-occurring sugars. Sugars are a source of energy. Some types of sugar (e.g., glucose) are needed by organs such as the heart and brain to function properly. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) sugar guideline, issued in March 2015, recommends that adults and children restrict their sugar intake to less than 10% of total energy intake per day, which is the equivalent of around 12.5 teaspoons of sugar for adults and suggests a further reduction to below 5% of total energy intake per day. Worldwide, many populations consume sugars at levels that exceed the WHO’s sugar guidelines, such as Brazil, Canada, South Africa, the UK, the USA and other countries. Sugar consumption is growing, especially in low- and middle-income countries. A growing body of evidence indicates that excessive sugar consumption is driving epidemics of obesity and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) around the world. Also, excessive consumption of added sugars in the human diet has been associated with type-2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD), cancer, dental caries, and other elements of metabolic syndrome. Especially in developing countries like Ethiopia no one follows the sugar consumption guideline and affecting by so many diseases. Therefore, the aim of this paper teaches people that future food habits to reduce sugar consumption to less than 5-teaspoons intake per day and the alternative use of stevia could provide additional health benefits and reduce risks.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
