AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/069
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 455 Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
2 National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua P.O. Box 46 Maroua, Cameroon.
3 Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
4 University Institute of France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France.
*Corresponding Author: DJOMDI, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 455 Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Citation: DJOMDI, Richard EJOH, Guillaume PIERRE, Cedric DELATTRE, Philippe MICHAUD et al. (2021). Chemical Treatment of Black Tiger nut Tubers (Cyperusesculentus) Variety to Obtain a Bio-based Product. J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 4(6); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/069
Copyright: © 2020 DJOMDI, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 17 August 2021 | Accepted: 13 September 2021 | Published: 20 September 2021
Keywords: cyperusesculentus; soaking; husking; microorganism; tiger nuts; black tubers; bacteria and moulds; vegetable milk
The purpose of this study is to improve microbiological qualities of black tiger nut tubers. Thereby, black variety of tiger nut tubers (Cyperus esculentus) were differently processed in ascorbic acid and alkaline (Ca(OH)2 and Kanwa (alkaline calcium carbonate locally used to soften vegetable)) solutions at different concentrations and temperatures. The effect of these treatments on the water content (swelling), soluble loss, dehulling efficiency and microbial load was investigated. Water content or swelling of the tiger nut soaked in acid and alkaline solutions can be predicted by Peleg model like with brown variety.of C. esculentus tubers. This swelling lead to enhance dehulling efficiency of tuber but caused soluble solute loss overall at the highest temperature of soaking in vitamin C solution. Like soaking in water, the constant of Peleg (k1) decrease with the increase of the temperature of soaking, whereas the constant of capacity of Peleg (k2) is approximately 0.018% for all the conditions. Dehulling efficiency also increased with increasing temperatures (65% at 20°C to 70% at 60°C) for tiger nut tubers soaked in water (0 g/L), dehulling efficiency appeared most strongly affected by concentrations and temperatures of soaking solutions. Like dehulling efficiency, ascorbic solutions has given the best results in term of reduction of microbial load compared to the other soaking solutions. This reduction is considerable at the higher temperatures, reaching a maximum of 4.8 log reduction. Soaking and dehulling treatments gave to black tiger nut tuber effective decontamination in term of microbial load and obtained good microbiological quality for final process.
Black variety of tigernut tubers (Cyperusesculentus) are used for production of vegetable milk or few data are available in literature concerning pretreatment of tubers, extraction and biochemical composition of milk [1a-4]. In Spain, brown variety is used in the production of a milky drink called “horchata de chufa”. High level of microorganisms such as bacteria and moulds (more than 109cfu/ml) have been detected in it; limiting its shelf life (less than 24 hours) [5-7]. These micro-organisms originate from the rugous surface of the tuber where they are encrusted in the anfractuosities of the collenchyma sleeve [6-8]. The rough structure of the tuber surface does not allow the easy elimination of micro-organisms, even when using sodium hypochlorite [7]. Tubers soaked in water during several hours undergo a turgescence which results in an easy elimination of the tuber external skin [9, 10]. This turgescence is not observed with hypochlorite solution after 48 hours, suggesting the processing time is not sufficient. So, the research of a cleansing process of tiger nut tubers remains a major concern for a better use of them in the production of vegetable milk. It proves to be important to test treatments having given convincing results with other raw materials requiring a dehulling process [10]. The swelling of tiger nut tuber consecutive to soaking in acid or alkaline solutions is likely to facilitate its dehulling. These treatment are consequently better elimination of its initial microbial load according to previous studies focusing on the dehulling of black bean and maize grains by treatment with alkaline solutions [11, 12] and Solutions of calcium hydroxide, Kanwa (alkaline calcium carbonate locally used to soften vegetables and ascorbic were used for this purpose like describe by Djomdi et al. [1a]. Thus, this work presents strategies (soaking and dehulling) to improve microbiological qualities of black tiger nut tubers for better later use.
Preparation of samples
Black variety of tiger nut tubers were bought on the market of Guily in the Far-north Region of Cameroon, which is the most producing zone of these foodstuffs (Figure 1).
Tubers were sorted by screening on metallic sieve in order to retain tubers with diameter ≥ 1 cm. The tubers were then washed with tap water to remove sands and other undesirable materials (stones, pebbles, dirt materials, rotten stems and broken tubers), then sun dried [10].
Soaking experiments
Soaking was undergone according to the methods of Turhan et al. [13], Sayar and Gunasekaran [14] and Djomdi et al. [10] and Djomdi et al. [15b]. The process consists in soaking the tubers in beakers of 250 mL containing 100 mL solution of Ca(OH)2, kanwa or ascorbic acid at 20, 40 and 60°C. The beakers were placed in a constant temperature water bath for temperature uniformity during tests. For each experiment, 20 g of tubers, were immersed in the beaker. During soaking, tubers were periodically removed, superficially dried with a tissue paper and weighed for water retention capacity up to attain an equilibrium value; i.e. when the increment change in sample weight was less than 0.01 g. At least three experiments were conducted for every solution concentration and soaking temperature.
The factors of variation of the treatments were:
-Nature of the solutions: calcium hydroxide, Kanwa and ascorbic acid.
-Concentrations of the solutions: 0; 0.1; 0.5; 1 and 1.5% (w/v) [11, 12, 15b].
-Temperatures of treatment: 20, 40 and 60°C [10, 15b].
The Water absorption capacity of the samples at each time (Ht) was calculated based on the increase in weight of the samples using Peleg model Eq. 1) [16, 17]:
Where: Ht (% DW) is the moisture content at time t
H0 (% DW) is the initial moisture content
k1 (h.%-1) is the Peleg rate constant which is related to absorption rate at the beginning of the process (t=t0)
k2 (%-1) is the Peleg capacity constant related to maximum attainable moisture content (t®¥)
The model is linearized into the form:
k1and k2 constants are determined from the regression of t/(Ht– H0) vs. time.
Peleg constants (k1 and k2) values obtained were used in Eq. 2 [1, 15b] to calculate predicted values of moisture content (Hp) which were then compared to the corresponding experimental values in order to appreciate the goodness of fit of the Peleg model. The criterion used to evaluate the goodness of fit was the mean relative percentage deviation (p) between experimental data and theoretical values [18, 15b] calculated as:
Where: Hei and Hpi are respectively experimental and predicted moisture content values. N is the number of experimental data.
The model is considered acceptable if p values are below 10% [19, 20].
Dehulling of tubers
At the end of soaking and swelling process, the dehulling consisted in removing the outer protective casing of the tuber by abrasion through scrubbing of the tubers between the hands. Dehulling efficiency was calculated using the formula suggested by Doehlert and Wiessenborn [21] in which the mass percentage of dehulled tubers is compared to that of the whole tubers on dry matter basis.
To account for moisture change during soaking, the mass of tuber samples was measured before and after soaking and dehulling. Moisture correction factor (MFC) was calculated using Eq. 4.
With: Wt (g): whole tuber mass with hulls
H (%): water content of the tubers
In addition, at the end of swelling and after dehulling, the hulls were weighed, dried at 105°C for 24 hours and reweighed to obtain a dry mass (Mh).
The dehulling efficiency is then given by the Eq. 5:
Moreover, the solute losses during soaking at different temperatures were calculated according to Evranuz and Gürtas (22). A known quantity of soaking solution (v) was taken at the end of process, filtered using filter paper Whatman n°3, dried in oven at 105°C for 24 hours and weighed (m).The solute losses were expressed in g/100 g dry weight basis (Eq. 6).
With: SL (g/100 g DW): Solute loss
m (g): mass of soluble obtained after drying of v aliquot
V (ml): total volume of soaking solution
v (ml): aliquot volume of the soaking solution
H (%): water content of the tubers
M (g): mass of tubers before soaking
Microbiological analysis
The microbiological analyzes were performed according to standards methods (23). The research of the total microbial count was carried out by macerating tiger nut tubers in a sterile food processor. Ten g of each sample of tiger nut tubers (raw, soaked and dehulled) were crushed in a mortar in asepsis conditions. One g of the crushed sample was mixed with 9 mL of sterile physiological water solution (9 g of NaCl in 1 L of distilled water) and the mixture used for the preparation of decimal dilutions of 10-2 to 10-9 and the highest three dilutions were taken for analysis.
Enumeration was carried out by counting of the colonies (CFU). The count was carried out in triplicates.
Statistical analysis
All results are expressed as mean values of three separate determinations. The variation in the data collected and the statistical significance of the effect of the treatments were analyzed by the analysis of variance. The comparisons of means were made by Duncan’s test at probability thresholds 1 and 5%. Statistical data was analyzed using STATGRAPHICS Centurion XVI.I (2010) software and Sigma Plot 11.0 was used to plot the curves
Water absorption of black variety of tiger nut tuber in ascorbic acid, Kanwa and calcium hydroxide solutions
Soaking is a long stage process in which the goal is the swelling of tiger nut tubers. During immersion, there is material transfer made both of soluble between tubers and the solution. For all the soaking solutions, tiger nut tubers showed typical sorption behavior with exponentially water content versus soaking time at all the temperatures (Fig. 2).
As the process continued, water absorption rate steadily decreased due to filling of water into free capillary and intermicellar increasing extraction rates of soluble solids from tubers. The absorption ceased when the tubers attained the equilibrium water content [1b].
The kinetics absorption of solution by black tiger nut tubers at various temperatures and concentrations of ascorbic acid, Kanwa and Ca(OH)2 showed that the rate of absorption of water increased with the temperature of soaking like described by Djomdi et al. [1b]. Tables 1 and 2 show that no significant difference (p<0>
|
| Ca(OH)2 | Kanwa | ||||||
C (g/L) | T (°C) | k1 | k2 | r2 | P (%) | k1 | k2 | r2 | P (%) |
| 20 | 0.23±0.02a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.00 | 0.23±0.03a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.38 |
0 | 40 | 0.10±0.01b | 0.02 | 0.96 | 4.65 | 0.10±0.02b | 0.02 | 0.95 | 4.03 |
| 60 | 0.05±0.02c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.48 | 0.04±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.49 |
| 20 | 0.29±0.01a | 0.02 | 0.96 | 5.32 | 0.30±0.01a | 0.02 | 0.98 | 5.73 |
0.1 | 40 | 0.09±0.02b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.75 | 0.13±0.02b | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.83 |
| 60 | 0.03±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.96 | 5.12 | 0.04±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.61 |
| 20 | 0.31±0.01a | 0.02 | 0.91 | 4.78 | 0.25±0.02a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.47 |
0.5 | 40 | 0.14±0.02b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 3.83 | 0.12±0.01b | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.07 |
| 60 | 0.03±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.65 | 0.03±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.94 |
| 20 | 0.29±0.04a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.53 | 0.26±0.04a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.83 |
1 | 40 | 0.15±0.03b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.53 | 0.14±0.01b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.73 |
| 60 | 0.04±0.01c | 0.02 | 0.99 | 5.63 | 0.04±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.97 | 3.92 |
| 20 | 0.29±0.04a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.42 | 0.30±0.01a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.28 |
1.5 | 40 | 0.10±0.03b | 0.02 | 0.94 | 3.51 | 0.18±0.01b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.29 |
| 60 | 0.03±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.94 | 5.00 | 0.03±0.00c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.52 |
Means within the same column followed by same letter are not significantly different using one-way ANOVA test (P˂0.05).
Table 1: Water absorption constants and goodness of fit of Peleg model of black variety of tigernut tubers soaked in alkaline solutions (Ca(OH)2 and Kanwa) at different temperatures.
However, a significant difference (p<0>et al. [10, 15b] reported that chemical modification of the tubers under the effect of the temperature (gelatinization) did not affect their capacity of water absorption. k1 is a constant connected at the rate of transfer of the matter. The weakness of the cellular membrane due to heating, increased the cellular permeability, involving for higher absorption solution by the tubers. This absorption was not constrained by the various treatments applied to the tubers during soaking. This phenomenon was observed by other authors and it was attributed to plasticizing effect of water at the temperature of starch gelatinization [10, 13-15, 24].
The fit of Equation (2) to absorption data showed that, at all soaking conditions, the degree of fit, judged by regression coefficient (r2), was about the same. Tables 1 and 2 provide the resulting Peleg constants (k1 and k2), r2 and p values.
| C (g/L) | T (°C) | k1 | k2 | r2 | P (%) |
| 0 | 20 | 0.21a | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.10 |
| 40 | 0.11b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.72 | |
| 60 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.99 | 4.92 | |
| 0.1 | 20 | 0.22a | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.23 |
| 40 | 0.10b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.03 | |
| 60 | 0.04c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.23 | |
| 0.5 | 20 | 0.27a | 0.02 | 0.98 | 5.17 |
| 40 | 0.11b | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.83 | |
| 60 | 0.04c | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.93 | |
| 1 | 20 | 0.30a | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.04 |
| 40 | 0.10b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 4.09 | |
| 60 | 0.05c | 0.02 | 0.96 | 4.82 | |
| 1.5 | 20 | 0.22a | 0.02 | 0.98 | 4.50 |
| 40 | 0.12b | 0.02 | 0.97 | 5.89 | |
| 60 | 0.04c | 0.02 | 0.96 | 4.53 |
Means within the same column followed by same letter are not significantly different using one-way ANOVA test (P˂0.05)
Table 2. Water absorption constants and goodness of fit of Peleg model of tiger nut tubers soaked in ascorbic acid at different temperatures
The use of kinetic data to determine the goodness of fit of the Peleg model resulted in a fit with r2³0.90 at almost all soaking conditions (solutions concentrations, temperature and time). The relative deviation between experimental and predicted data is around 2.798–6.167 indicating that water absorption of tiger nut tubers during soaking in acid and alkali solution is well described by the Peleg model [25].
It should be noted that the diffusion was not done in one way as the tubers also lost solutes in the soaking solutions (fig. 3) meaning that soaking solutions were not sufficiently concentrated to prevent the opposite transfer of matter.
The losses of soluble solids from tubers at 20 and 40°C were less than 0.5 and 2% (w/w) respectively. Sayaret al. [14] stipulated that these values can be negligible compared to water gain. However at 60 °C 8.7% (w/w) of tuber solutes were recovered in soaking solutions. So, even if solutions at temperature of 60 °C and above accelerate the water absorption, they lead to significant damage in structure and tissue of tiger nut tubers. This phenomenon was not identified for ascorbic acid solutions indicating that higher concentration of osmolytes slowed down soluble solids loss even if higher temperature inactive and decompose ascorbic acid [26].
This part of work established the suitability of the model of Peleg to describe the behavior of the tubers of C. esculentusL. At the time of soaking [10, 15b]. The high temperatures accelerate the phenomenon of absorption of water and loss of soluble solutes [15b]. Although the heating contributes to sterilize the tubers, with regard to the microbial load [27]. So the effects of the temperature and the nature of soaking solutions was investigated on the dehulling of tiger nut tubers.
Dehulling efficiency of black tigernut tubers
The tough outer skin of tiger nut tubers consists of thin epidermis wrapped in the tegument [15b]. It is a very thin coat composed mainly of fibers and called fibro-collenchyma sleeve. This coat was removed by alkaline and acid action of soaking solutions [15b].
Fig. 4 shows dehulling efficiency of soaking solutions (acid and alkaline) at different temperatures.
This figure shows that dehulling efficiency increased with increasing concentration of soaking solutions for all the three solutions tested. Significant variations in dehulling efficiency of solutions at 20 and 40°C was also detected [15b]. At these temperatures, ascorbic has the best dehulling efficiency for all the concentrations but at 60°C this activity is reduced compare to the two other solutions. This reduction activity can be attributed to temperature effect on ascorbic acid as explained previously by Marta et al. [26] and Djomdi et al. [15b]. Ascorbic acid exhibited the highest dehulling efficiency for all the temperature except at 60°C.
At the highest concentrations (1.5 g/L), most of the solutions had dehulling efficiency higher than 85%. Dehulling efficiency also increased with increasing temperatures ((˂ 65% at 20°C to ˃ 70% at 60°C)) for tiger nut tubers soaked in water. It appeared most strongly affected by concentrations and temperatures of soaking solutions [15b].
Microbial load of black tiger nut tubers before and after treatments
The control sample (raw tubers) had microbial load up to 109 CFU/g, which is very higher compared to microbiological limits standards (106–˂107 CFU/g) (28). Soaking at lower temperatures (20 and 40°C) and concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 g/L) increased microbial load of black tiger nut tubers varieties for the three solutions. Soaking in these conditions stimulated microbial growth by activating microorganisms as described by Shamsudden and Magashi, [29] and Djomdiet al. [15b]. On the contrary, high temperature led to a reducing of microbial load, but the greatest reduction was carried out by dehulling process [15b]. Figure 5 shows significant effect of dehulling on the microbial load of tiger nut tuber as for all treatments 2.5 log of microbial reduction was measured.
This result is in agreement with the work of Muthomiet al. [30] and Bashir [31] who reported that semi- processed maize grains had lower microbial load.
Ascorbic acid solutions gave the best results in term of reduction of microbial load compared to the other soaking solutions [32]. This reduction is considerable at the higher temperatures, reaching a maximum of 4.8 log reduction [33, 34]. According to Marta et al. [26], the main product resulting from thermal ascorbic acid decomposition is dehydro-L-ascorbic acid. This compound seem then to have a similar effect as ascorbic acid in term of dehulling efficiency and microbial load reduction [35, 36].
Soaking and dehulling treatments led to tiger nut tuber effective decontamination in term of microbial load and good microbiological quality.
The hydrothermal treatment of black tiger nut tubers variety in acid and alkaline solutions contributed to enhance dehulling efficiency and microbial load reduction. Since there was considerable reduction of microbial load at the higher temperature with ascorbic acid based soaking treatments. These treatments led to important soluble solids loss, which compromising nutritional and organoleptic qualities of tiger nut tubers.
The impact of ascorbic acid on dehulling efficiency and microbial load demonstrated that research must be continued with regard for the using of alternative acid solutions like acetic acid, lemon extracts for lowering this processing cost like on brown varieties tubers.
The hydrothermal treatment of black tiger nut tubers variety in acid and alkaline solutions contributed to enhance dehulling efficiency and microbial load reduction. Since there was considerable reduction of microbial load at the higher temperature with ascorbic acid based soaking treatments. These treatments led to important soluble solids loss, which compromising nutritional and organoleptic qualities of tiger nut tubers.
The impact of ascorbic acid on dehulling efficiency and microbial load demonstrated that research must be continued with regard for the using of alternative acid solutions like acetic acid, lemon extracts for lowering this processing cost like on brown varieties tubers.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
