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*Corresponding Author: Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra. Techno. and Sci. Dept., Ranyah University College, Taif U., KSA.
Citation: Sherifa Mostafa M. S, (2024), Saudi Practice of Consuming Terfezia claveryi truffles intended for Treating Eye Pathogens, J, Clinical Case Reports and Studies, 5(9); DOI:10.31579/2690-8808/223
Copyright: ©, 2024, Sherifa Mostafa M. S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 14 September 2024 | Accepted: 14 October 2024 | Published: 29 October 2024
Keywords: saudi terfezia claveryi truffles; staphylococcus aureus; streptococcus pneumonia; micrococcus flavus; pseudomonas aeruginosa; proteus mirabilis; chlamydia trachomatis; candida sp.; aspergillus sp
Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles common name is Al Fag’a, Al-Kam’ah is the classic Arabic name, which means ‘‘hidden”. It has gained attention due to aroma for culinary use and high nutritional content. The goal was to prove that the Saudi custom for Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles is scientifically correct through the procedure and proving that the basic components have a role in eliminating eye pathogens. Methodology was included preparing the sample for the experiment, preparing microbial isolates for the experiment and the experiment under investigation. The results showed that the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract was highly effective against bacteria and fungi eye pathogens. That was found the most effective on them were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Candida sp., except for Aspergillus sp. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract effects through the means were (0.0082-0.0094) as grade A were included Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumonia. While grade B were included Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis, their means were (0.0188-0.0216). The grad C were included Chlamydia trachomatis, and Candida sp., their means was (0.0266-0.0294). Although Aspergillus sp., was under test but was not reacted with the water extract. That concluded the Saudi habit of using Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles had been proven experimentally due to the antimicrobial substances in its contents, that affect the eye pathogens. That was recommended that the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles must be directed to the pharmacy department to obtain the appropriate medication to treat eye pathogens.
Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles common name is Al Fag’a, Al-Kam’ah is the classic Arabic name, which means ‘‘hidden”. It has gained attention due to aroma for culinary use and high nutritional content [1]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has antimicrobial effects by main contents are Volatile terpenoids, volatile organic compounds associated with the aroma, phenolic compounds, extracellular enzyme, sterols and triterpenes, pheromones, saturated fatty derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids, and peptides [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has contents make antimicrobial activity as microbial growth inhibition, protein synthesis inhibition, blocking any process of the protein synthesis pathway, suppress pathogens and act as signaling molecules during microorganism interaction. killing of invading microorganisms by activated phagocytic cells. Damage the bacterial membrane, inhibition of virulence factors, cell membrane destruction uses their lipophilicity. Anti-quorum sensing action, is an intercellular communication system. Inhibition of ATP and its enzyme, is the most direct energy source in organisms, and necessary element for pathogens to maintain normal operation and work. The polar solvent water extract, production of low molecular weight peptide antibiotics [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has bioactivity characterization of harvested focused on the antibacterial and antifungal developing. The medicinal source of antibacterial, antimicrobial activity with broad-spectrum effects and immune stimulating properties [3]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, strong antibacterial and antifungal, use for medicinal purposes in clinics [4]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has effects against eye pathogens of bacterial and fungal origin and by a Muslim religious Hadith. “Truffles are like Manna, and their water heals eye diseases” (PBUH Sahih al-Bukhari 5708) [5]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles used for treating ophthalmic infections in traditional medicine. It provides further insight into the use of the water extracts in the prevention or treatment of ocular infections [6]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles is a source of therapeutic compounds. It has antimicrobial useful in the treatment of ophthalmic ailments. It was used for ocular infections, as alternatives to currently used antibiotics. has been employed in traditional/folk medicine in Arab communities. The Bedouins recommend the use of its water extracts for the treatment of common eye infections [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles had been careful between old actions for ocular contagions and illnesses. It was used as antimicrobial from Saudi Arabia. The water extracts were proved an antibacterial biofilm activity. That potent activity was in contradiction of Staphylococcus aureus, also Pseudomonas aeruginosa [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has antimicrobial effects against pathogens related with eye contagions. The water extract, to determine an antimicrobial mechanism their fractions against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas sp., Proteus mirabilis, and Micrococcus sp., were isolated from patients with ocular infections. All isolates were susceptible to the water extracts / fractions. SEM imaging showed morphological alterations in Staphylococcal species. That was exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, also potential source of future antibiotic [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extracts were effective against clinical isolates of MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, that curing trachoma disease and treatment of cornea infection [7]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract presented growth reserved of the trachoma pathogens, Chlamydia trachomatis. An antimicrobial activity was verified against Staphylococcus aureus, also Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its strong antimicrobial against bacteria, giving ophthalmic contagions, was existed in the water extract [2]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract was used in treatment the infected eye by Streptococcus pneumoniae, was cast-off as an antibacterial mediator [1]. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles has antibacterial activity was also demonstrated for Micrococcus flavus. Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles source of anti-infective agents. An antimicrobial action of the water extracts in contradiction of Staphylococcus aureus, also Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The water extract showed actual bactericidal against all tested pathogens [2]. The important was on the Saudi customs must be taken an advantage of Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles. The plant has been used for a long time and has proven successful in the herbal treatment of eye diseases. The goal was to prove that the Saudi custom for Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles was scientifically correct through the procedure and proving that the basic components have a role in eliminating eye pathogens. The methodology was to conduct research in a practical way by Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles was extracted the active substances and were tested on the eye pathogens.
Preparing the sample for the experiment:
Preparing of the eye pathogens for the experiment:
The experiment under investigation:
| Dilutions V:V | Means | Grades | |||||
| Eye pathogens | 1:1 | 1:2 | 1:3 | 1:4 | 1:5 | ||
| Dry weight by gram | |||||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.007 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.0082 | A |
| Streptococcus pneumonia | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.018 | 0.0094 | A |
| Micrococcus flavus | 0.008 | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.023 | 0.034 | 0.0188 | B |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0.009 | 0.014 | 0.021 | 0.026 | 0.036 | 0.0216 | B |
| Proteus mirabilis | 0.009 | 0.013 | 0.020 | 0.026 | 0.035 | 0.0206 | B |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 0.014 | 0.019 | 0.027 | 0.031 | 0.042 | 0.0266 | C |
| Candida sp. | 0.016 | 0.022 | 0.030 | 0.034 | 0.045 | 0.0294 | C |
| Aspergillus sp. | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | Non reacted | |
Table 1: The effect of Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract on eye pathogens
Table 1 cleared the effect of Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract on eye pathogens. The results showed that the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract was highly effective against bacteria and fungi pathogens were isolated from infected eyes. That was found the most effective on them were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Candida sp., except for Aspergillus sp., was non reacted [1-7].
Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract effects resulted the means were (0.0082-0.0094) had the grade (A) were included Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumonia. While the grade (B) was included Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis, their means were (0.0188-0.0216). The grad (C) was included Chlamydia trachomatis, and Candida sp., their means was (0.0266-0.0294). but pathogen Aspergillus sp., was under the test but was not reacted with the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract [1-7].
Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract showed an extent of the extract’s effect on all eye pathogens became clear, which was confirmed the extent of the material’s ability to eliminate mostly all eye pathogens under test [1-7].
Therefore, Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract was found that the Saudi custom of use it was kind to herbal use, and now, after conducting the effect of main contents as practical part. It was proven that the main component of the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles had the ability to eliminate eye pathogens [1-7].
It was decided that the Saudi habit of using Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract had been proven experimentally due to the antimicrobial substances in its contents, that was affected on the eye pathogens.
Recommendations:
It was recommended that the Saudi Terfezia claveryi truffles water extract must be directed to the pharmacy department to obtain the appropriate medication to treat eye pathogens.
Acknowledgments:
Thanks are sent to the individuals who assisted in conducting this work.
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