AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research Article
*Corresponding Author: Amr M Bakry, College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Citation: Abeer F Zayan., Amr M Bakry., Tamer S AbdulAlim., Radwan H M M., Abouelnaga, et al (2021). Novel Processed Cheese Production Using Lycopene Oil Obtained By Green-Extraction Technique of Tomato Peels Waste. J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 4(1); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/035
Copyright: © 2021 Amr M Bakry, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 13 December 2020 | Accepted: 06 February 2021 | Published: 20 February 2021
Keywords: processed cheese; green extract; phenolic content; sensory evaluation; lycopene
Extracted lycopene oil of tomato peels waste using green-extraction technique may be used as a convenient alternative to butter in processed cheese manufacturing. The effects of partial substitution of butter by lycopene oil at ratio of 25%, 50%, and 75% were evaluated, in comparison with cheeses produced only with butter. The substitution of butter by lycopene oil increased dry matter, ash, lycopene content, antioxidant activity, meltability and sensorial characteristics of processed cheese. While, the firmness value was decreased with increasing level of incorporated lycopene oil. The present study displays that the substitution of butter by lycopene oil obtained by green-extraction technique of tomato peels waste in processed cheese can be used as a substitute process for decreasing saturated fats in dairy products with keeping other desired characteristics of the product.
Running head: processed cheeses
Graphical Abstract
Processed cheese is one of the best important sources of calcium and protein in dairy products as well as other nutrients such as minerals and vitamins. It is characterized by a high degree of stability and decreased need to cooling during storage [1, 2]. Processed cheese spreads are composed of various components generally made from a mixture of dairy, for example, butteroil, cream, butter, dried milk, caseinates and dried whey protein and dairy-free components and added substances, for example, colorants and hydrocolloids [3]. Besides, the emulsifying salts, for example, sodium lactate, calcium lactate, sodium citrates, potassium citrates, calcium citrates, sodium phosphates, potassium phosphates, diphosphates and polyphosphates are among the main components of processed cheeses production [3]. Frequently, the manufacturers are looking for novel methods to increase the function characteristics of the processed cheese products in order to increase consumer acceptance of these products [2].
Tomatoes, Lycopersicon esculentum, are one of the biggest crops around the world in terms of consumption. Nearly, more than one hundred million tons of tomatoes fruits produced every year all over the world [4]. During manufacturing process of tomato products such as purees, pastes, juices, canned tomatoes and sauces, a tremendous amounts of waste named as tomato pomace such as peels, pulp and tomato seeds are produced [5]. The tomato pomace is considered as non-important waste, which causes a serious environmental issue when disposed of [6]. However, this waste is a rich source of various valuable bioactive compounds such as lycopene, polyphenols, ascorbic acid, terpenes, β carotene, sterols and tocopherols [7]. Out of all these various bioactive compounds, lycopene is by far the most important among them which is considered not manufactured dye that pays the red color to the vegetables and fruits [8]. It can be used in food industry as natural coloring substance in order to avoid the harmful effects of artificial food colorants. Lycopene (C40 H56) is a component which having an open-chain structure, open-chain polyene hydrocarbon with thirteen double covalent bonds, out of which eleven are integrated in a linear order (Figure. 1) [8].
Materials
Ras cheese (1 month old), fresh kariesh cheese and fresh butter were brought from Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt. Cheddar cheese (ripened for 8 months) was brought from International Company for Dairy & Food products “Milky Land”, the 10th Ramadan City, Egypt. Skim milk powder (SMP) was purchased from Bob's Red Mill Natural Foods, Milwaouke, USA. Emulsifying salts (disodium phosphate and sodium citrate) were provided from El Gomhoureya Co. For Trading Drugs and Medical Supplies, El Amiryah, Cairo, Egypt. Shortening was purchased from Musim Mas Holding, West-Singapore. Tomato peels were obtained from Kaha Company For Preserved Foods, Qalubiya, Egypt.
Lycopene oil preparation using green-extraction technique
The lycopene oil was extracted from industrial waste of tomato peels according to the method of Chen and Meyers [25] with modifications. In brief, the tomato peel wastes were washed carefully with water. The tomato peels with an initial moisture content of 83% were then mixed into melted shortening (1:2) and heated in hot bath of water at 95 ºC for 1 h. Then, the melted mixture was filtered using a muslin cloth, followed by centrifugation at 3000 ×g for 5 min. Afterward, the lycopene oil from the supernatant was separated (Figure. 2) and kept under -18 ºC until further use.
Processed Cheese Manufacture
Processed cheese spreads were manufacture according to Guinee [26] with a few minor modifications. Briefly, Kariesh cheese, Cheddar cheese, Ras cheese, butter and SMP were mixed with emulsifying salts (disodium phosphate and sodium citrate) in addition to water which prepared in the processing kettle in order to set the moisture content at approximately 45±1%. The mixture was cooked by direct steam injection heater to 90-95 ºC at a pressure of 1.5 bar and kept under agitation for 8 min. After cooking, the samples were then transferred into circular airtight plastic containers (diameter 45 mm × height 25 mm) with plastic cover and rapidly cooled at 6±1 ºC. The chemical composition of the materials used in manufacture of processed cheese spreads is given in Table 1.
The samples were of five varieties, including processed cheese without added lycopene oil (control), with partial substitution of butter by lycopene oil at ratio of 25% (w/w; T1), 50% (w/w; T2), 75% (w/w; T3), and with total substitution of butter by lycopene oil (T4). The formulation of the processed cheese spreads preparation is given in Table 2. All samples were analyzed after 0, 1, 2 and 3 months of storage at 6±1 and 25±1 ºC.
The samples were of five varieties, including processed cheese without added lycopene oil (control), with partial substitution of butter by lycopene oil at ratio of 25% (w/w; T1), 50% (w/w; T2), 75% (w/w; T3), and with total substitution of butter by lycopene oil (T4). The formulation of the processed cheese spreads preparation is given in Table 2.
Basic physicochemical characterization of processed Cheese
In order to prepare the sample for analysis, ten grams of cheese samples were mixed well with 90 mL of distilled water. The pH values were then measured using a digital pH meter (Mettler Toledo, Shanghai, China). Moisture, ash, protein and fat of cheese samples were measured according to AOAC [27]. Moisture content was measured gravimetrically by drying 3 g of each sample by oven-drying at 105 °C to fixed weight. Ash content was measured by burning 3 g of each sample in a furnace at 550 °C until fixed weight. Protein content was measured by Kjeldahl using a nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 6.38. Fat was measured according to the Gerber method.
Measurement of antioxidant activity of processed cheese
Total phenolic content (TPC) of specimens was measured by using Folin-Ciocalteu method described by López-García, Cilla [28], with some modifications. The samples were prepared by adding ethanol (95%) for 3 days at room temperature. In short, 0.75 ml of Folin–Denis reagent (ten-fold dilution) was blended with 0.1 ml of specimen. The mixture was incubated at room temperature for 5 min and 0.75 ml solution of sodium carbonate (2%) was then added to it. After another 15 min of incubation at room temperature, the absorbance of the mixture was then measured at 760 nm. Results were specified as milligram of Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 ml of specimen. Using 8-80 µg/ml Gallic acid aqueous solutions, the calibration curve was conducted.
The free radical scavenging activity (Antioxidant activity) of the samples was examined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) via the technique of Brand-Williams, Cuvelier [29]. The samples were prepared by adding 95% methanol for 19 h at room temperature. Antioxidant solution in methanol (0.1 mL) was added to 3.9 mL of a 6 × 105 mol/L methanol DPPH solution. Before left the mixture in the darkness for 30 min at room temperature, it was mixed forcibly. Thereafter, using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Co., Ltd., Japan) at 515 nm, the quantity of the residual DPPH in each time of stop was examined. All measurements were implemented in triplicate and expressed as the percentage of the DPPH radical inhibition (DRI) and the equation used to measure it is as follows:
DRI (%) = [ Abc - AbsAbc
] × 100 (1)
While, the Abc is the control absorbance (pure DPPH solution), the Abs is the test sample absorbance (DPPH solution plus test sample).
Measurement of lycopene content
Lycopene content was determined according to Davis, Fish [30]. In short, about 0.6 g of two samples (replicated) was weighed from each puree into two amber glass screw top vials (40 mL) and then 10 mL of hexane with 5 mL of ethanol (95%) were added. Thereafter, using a magnetic stirring plate, samples were stirred well during sampling. The samples were then placed in ice on orbital shaker (ZheJiang HuaWei Scientific Instrument Co., Zhe Jiang, China) at 175 rpm for 20 min in order to extract the lycopene from the samples. A 3 mL of distilled water was then added to each vial with shaking for an extra 4 min in ice. To allow for separation of phase, the samples were left at room temperature for 10 min. Finally, the absorbance of upper layer of hexane was measured at 503 nm. Based on weight of sample, the lycopene content was calculated.
Determination of firmness
Firmness test was performed using a TMS-Pro Texture Analyzer (FTC, Virginia, USA) at a constant speediness of 60 mm/min to a depth of 10 mm beneath the suspension surface. The trigger force was 0.1 N and deformation profile was 30%. Compression mode was used with cylinder penetrometer probe (45 mm diameter x 25 mm height) to measure the firmness of the cheese.
Meltability
Meltability of cheese samples was measured according to Savello, Ernstrom [31] with few modifications. Briefly, cheese sample (15 g) was weighed into the melting glass tubes (cylinder of glass, 25 cm long × 3 cm diameter × glass thickness 0.8 mm, supplied with rubber stopper at both parties). The reference lines were scratched on one side of the glass tubes and then were left upright in an ice bath for 40 min. After that, the tubes were placed horizontally in a rack and moved into an oven set at 105 °C for 10 min. The rack was removed and tended at 45 ° to break the cheese flow. The distance from the edge of the melted sample to the reference line was recorded in in millimeters and recorded as "cheese flow."
Determination of oil loss amount
The oil lost quantity was measured gravimetric analysis according to [32]. Cheese Sample (5 mm height × 22 mm diameter) was weighed and placed on Whatman no.4 circular filter paper (150 mm diameter) which pre-weighed and kept at 5±1 °C. In order to get a true and accurate result and due to the changes in humidity, the empty filter papers (blank) were used. The filter papers were weighed until constant weight and the oil lost quantity (%) was measured by the following equation:
The oil lost quantity (%) =[(Wm-Wi) – (Wb1-Wb2)] / Ws ×100
where Wm is the last weight of the filter paper after oil migration, Wi is the initial weight of the filter paper (before putting the sample), Wb1 is the last blank weight, and Wb2 is the initial blank weight.
Sensory evaluation
Sensory analysis of tomato process cheese spread was assessed according to Bandyopadhyay, Chakraborty [33] with few modifications. Sensory evaluation was performed by a group of 10 qualified panelists consisted of female and male aged between 26 until 70 years old (department of dairy science, the food technology research institute). We asked the panelists to assess the samples for satisfactoriness of appearance, color, texture and flavor via scoring the samples from 1 to 5.
Statistical analysis
An analysis (one-way) of variance was performed to make a comparison of means among groups using generalized linear model. Duncan’s multiple comparison tests were selected to determine the significant level of lycopene oil mixing on the chemical and physical properties of red processed cheese spreads samples at p < 0.05 using SAS (version 9.3 TS Level 1M2, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). All experiments were performed in three replicates.
Green extraction of lycopene with shortening oil as solvent by heat
The green extraction of lycopene technique has conveyed advantages related to the standards of green extraction such as plant/crop-based renewable resources (tomato peels), substitute for petroleum solvent (shortening), reducing electricity use, time-saving and cost reduction, bio-refining (utilization of by-products by treatment of waste), small processing unit with smaller solo processes (two stages) and production of a non-changed environment-friendly product without pollutions (fortified oil). It was proved that the edible vegetable oil has the ability to be used as an alternative or co-solvent in extracting the required ingredients [34]. The green extraction technique of lycopene at a tomato peels to oil ratio of 1:2 (w/w) resulted in high extraction of lycopene content (839 mg/100g). This can regarded to oil act as solvent of carotenoids and lipophilic interaction activity of lycopene content in broken down of skin cell wall by effect of heat treatment which reduce the bonding forces between lycopene and tissue network that result in release of the lycopene into medium (shortening).
Sachindra and Mahendrakar [20] showed that carotenoid concentration in sunflower oil depended on the effect of temperature and time of heating waste at a waste to oil ratio of 1:2 which indicated that the concentration level of carotenoid raised up when the temperature raised up to 70 °C, while the rate of increasing carotenoid content was minimal above a heating time of 150 min. Machmudah, Zakaria [35] illustrated that the ideal processing recognized to remove lycopene from tomato skin was 40 MPa, 90 °C, and a ratio of tomato peel to seed of 37/63 in order to reach 56% of lycopene extraction. The used of tomato seed oil assisted to amend the retrieval of lycopene from 18% to 56% because the presence of seed oils act as co-solvent to recover lycopene and increase the yield.
Chemical Composition of red processed cheese spreads
Usually, process cheese ingredients depended on Egyptian standard specification and the kind of intended use that the processed cheese will be targeted for. The final functional characteristics of the processed cheese are affected according to its various chemical and structural characteristics. Table 3 shows the chemical composition of red processed cheese spreads. It was observed that there is a slight increasing of dry matter (DM), ash and lycopene in all treatments as the level of replacement increased as T4 gained the highest level 44.57%, 5.30 % and 112.30 mg/100g respectively. In contrast, a small drop in fat was observed in all samples especially T3 and T4 samples. Increasing of DM, ash and lycopene could be due to the using the lycopene oil enriched with lycopene 839 mg/100g. While control sample has the maximum content of fat and fat/dry matter however, it had the lowest total protein and ash levels than other samples. The increasing in the lycopene and ash content could be due to rising in substituted oil which is enriched with lycopene as Al-Wandawi, Abdul-Rahman [36] stated that tomato skin holds great percentage of lycopene offset by a low ratio in tomato seeds and pulp. The major content of lycopene was incorporated in the skin and water insoluble section of the tomato pulp [37].
TPC and antioxidant activity changes in red processed cheese spreads during cold storage
The accumulation of phenolic in epidermis (primary dermal tissues) of skin due to their possible function in preservation against UV waves, to perform as capture in fruit dispersal, and as protect chemical compounds against predators, parasitoids and pathogens [38]. The antioxidant constituent (Phenolic & flavonoids) that come out of waste products of the plant processing could be employed for level up the stability of products by inhibition the oxidative degradation of fats and for protecting against oxidative deterioration in living systems by scavenging oxygen free radicals as well [39, 40]. As shown in Fig. 3, TPC of fresh samples was ranged from 6.55 to 11.42 mg GAE/100g that higher than control 5.33 mg GAE/100 g. The presence of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of control sample is a result to the bioactive peptides content [41] and a lot of free amino acids, mostly methionine, tryptophan and tyrosine [42]. However, the increase in TPC of treatments is attributed to enriched oil with tomato skin extract which contained flavonoids (Quercetin, Kaempafrol and naringenin) and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic and p-cumaric acids) [43, 44]. As presented in Fig. 3, the antioxidant activity was increased by increasing lycopene oil level (enriched with lycopene and phenolic compounds), then slight decrease in all treatments was noticed during cold storage in both phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity referred to protection system of quercetin and lycopene that are stable at high temperature degrees and acidic conditions, and unstable in alkali and oxygen system [45-48]. Lycopene and other lipid-soluble components could be integrated in the fat droplets as emulsions. An appropriate engineering of the emulsion has been performed and when more antioxidants were incorporated into the aqueous and / or oily stages of the emulsion showed a high ability to decrease oxidation of lipid. As well the physical location display the basic reason behind; that non-polar antioxidants tend to be additionally concentrated in the fat droplet and thus more powerful in preventing lipid oxidation in oil-in-water emulsions than in bulk oil, whereas the opposite was mostly detected for polar antioxidants (PAO) [49-51]. Moreover, Lycopene's configuration worked to reduce free radicals activity [52]. As an antioxidant, lycopene has odd oxygen capture ability two times high than of β-carotene and ten times greater than that of α-tocopherol.
Penetrometer of Red processed cheese spread through storage period
Penetrometry technique is one of the most important techniques used to determine the firmness of process cheese. Fig. 4A shows the data of penetrometer of red processed cheese spread through storage period. It was noted that the firmness value was decreased with increased level of incorporated red oil. Suggestion of decreasing firmness value due to high content of cis-isomers-lycopene that hold physical properties and chemical behaviors special from those of their all-trans counterpart, involving reduction color intensity and decreasing melting points, they more dissolvable in hydrocarbon solvents and oil, less likely to crystallization, and more polar than their all-trans counterparts [53]. Okonogi and Riangjanapatee [54] reported that the melting temperature of the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) was at 48.4 °C which is like to that of orange wax which was at 51.2 °C as the internal phase of lycopene loaded NLC obtained was in solid case. This confirm that lycopene content dispersal in oil-in-water affected its physical properties as melting point which be reflected on rheology aspects of red processed cheese.
Meltability of Red processed cheese spread through storage period
Ko and Gunasekaran [55] illustrated that meltability of cheese indicates to the easiness and range to which the cheese will melt and flow/spread over high temperature. Meltability parameters are important indicators for the desired textural and cooking properties. It could be defined as the easiness of cheese spreads or flows when exposed to heating [56]. Fig. 4B shows meltability characterization. Results revealed that the lycopene oil incorporation affected the texture properties, thus meltabilty value increased by the elevation level of lycopene oil replacement, as meltability of all the fresh processed cheese samples varied from 100 to 122 mm. Meltability of all samples during storage period was decreased. These results are in agreement with Ismail [57] who studied the effect of using unhydrogenated palm oil fractions on processed cheese properties. His study based on 5 samples of processed cheese which have been manufactured by hydrogenated palm kernel oil, palm kernel olein, double fractionated palm olein, mixture of hydrogenated palm kernel oil and palm kernel olein (1:1) in addition to mixture of hydrogenated palm kernel oil and double fractionated palm olein (1:1). He found that the meltability of processed cheese samples varied from 16 to 45 mm. Also, there were no any differences between meltability of control (16 mm) and palm kernel olein-based processed cheese (16 and 17 mm) samples, but double fractionated palm olein-based cheeses showed obvious greater meltability (34 and 45 mm) than those of other cheeses.
Oil separation Index (OSI) of Red processed cheese spread through storage period
Based on the regulations of processed cheese that obligate to standardizing the moisture and fat content of a process cheese formulation. Fig. 4C illustrates the results of oil separation index. Data indicates that control gained high values than other treatments; values of all the fresh processed cheese samples were ranged from 14 to 6 mm. But when going through storage period, the OSI increased till the third month, as noticed it were high at 25 °C than at 5 °C. The reduction values of OSI for treatments due to the two factors of pH and total calcium content. The high level of total calcium in cheese components makes it difficult to process of the processed cheese, as excess calcium requires isolating it from natural cheese casein by adding emulsifying salts during cheese processing [58-61]. Furthermore, It was found that the final pH of a process cheese have an significant impact on structure, the kind of protein interactions, and goodness in order to form process cheese emulsion [62, 63]. Palmer and Sly [63] reported that the constancy of the process cheese emulsion is reduced when the pH of the process cheese is under 5.4 or exceeding 5.8.
Sensory evaluation of Red processed cheese spread
The characteristic processed cheese spread samples (Table 4) was sensorically approved by all panelists. Stronger flavors and texture were perceived in T4, because of the higher level of lycopene oil than those formulated with a lower lycopene oil. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between C and T1. Generally all panelists agreed that the overall acceptance increased with increased of lycopene oil level in cheese, while no significant differences in color were observed between samples. The appearance of T3 & T4 was better than C, T1 & T2.
Our study aimed to employing lycopene extraction as nutritional, color agent and softener. We extracted lycopene from tomato peels using melted shortening by green-extraction technique. This technique was implemented at 95 °C for 60 min, and the temperature was then raise to 140 °C until complete extraction of lycopene. The aim of this technique was to break cell wall and release all contents such as lycopene and minerals, and keeping the lycopene content without degradation in addition to increase the bio-availability of lycopene stability. Use of lycopene oil increased dry matter, ash, lycopene content, antioxidant activity, meltability and sensorial characteristics of processed cheese. Whereas, the firmness value was decreased with increasing level of incorporated lycopene oil. We can thus conclude that the substitution of butter by lycopene oil obtained by green-extraction technique of tomato peels waste in processed cheese can be used as a substitute process for decreasing saturated fats in dairy products with keeping other desired characteristics of the product.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
