AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Case Report
*Corresponding Author: Modhi A Alhussinan, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London
Citation: Modhi A Alhussinan., (2021) Limbic system. J. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. 8(3); DOI:10.31579/2578-8868/159
Copyright: © 2021 Modhi A Alhussinan, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Received: 02 February 2021 | Accepted: 22 March 2021 | Published: 26 March 2021
Keywords: human brain;limbic system; neurological diseases
The limbic system forms a crucial part of the human brain. It is a network of structures that set beneath temporal lobe and on both sides of thalamus. It has a wide range of functions which mainly involve in our behavioral and emotional responses. Therefore, any disruption to the system may lead to devastating neurological conditions. This essay will explore the structure of the limbic system, its functional organization utilizing neurological diseases or damage to demonstrate the association between that specific affected brain region and function.
The limbic system forms a crucial part of the human brain. It is a network of structures that set beneath temporal lobe and on both sides of thalamus. It has a wide range of functions which mainly involve in our behavioral and emotional responses. Therefore, any disruption to the system may lead to devastating neurological conditions. This essay will explore the structure of the limbic system, its functional organization utilizing neurological diseases or damage to demonstrate the association between that specific affected brain region and function.
The concept of limbic system has a historical value in the field of neuroscience despite the lack of consensus concerning the exact structures forming the limbic system (Kötter & Meyer, 1992)(Pessoa & Hof, 2015). In 1878, Paul Pierre Broca refer to the great limbic lobe located at the edge of the cerebral cortex as “limbic” (limbus for border in Latin). Furthermore, in 1937, James Papez has proposes an anatomical model known as Papez circuit followed by Yakovlev's circuit in 1948, and finally MacLean who formulated the term “Limbic System” (RajMohan & Mohandas, 2007) (Vogt, 2019).
Knowledge expansion in the last few decades enriched us with a wealth of information about the connectivity and function of the limbic system. It is perceived as a set of brain regions that is situated in the medial aspect of the brain and highly interconnected. These regions include: the orbitofrontal cortex, insular cortex, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices, temporopolar cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampal formation, amygdala, basal forebrain, anterior thalamic nuclei, and the hypothalamus (Purves et al., 2001) (Figure1).
Another way to view the limbic system is dividing it into: Limbic Cortex (Cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus), Hippocampal Formation (The dentate gyrus, Hippocampus, Subicular Complex), Amygdala, Septal area, and Hypothalamus (RajMohan & Mohandas, 2007).
These structures are richly connected with each other through variety of neural pathways. Also, all of these connections have extensive fibers pathways that projects to the hypothalamus and multiple sites of brain stem that are involved with the regulation of the internal organs of the body (Neuroanatomy: an Illustrated Colour Text - 6th Edition, n.d.).
In term of functions, generally, the limbic system plays a pivotal role in various processes relating to cognition and behavior including emotions, feeling pleasure, certain forms of memory, learning, motivation, and social processing. Also, the limbic system is regarded as an integral system that operates by influencing the autonomous and endocrine functions (R.L.Isaacson, 2001).
The diseases involving the limbic system can be divided into three categories; diseases in which the limbic system is more or less selectively involved, such as limbic encephalitis, herpes simplex encephalitis, diseases in which the limbic system is predominantly involved, such as, holoprosencephaly, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, hippocampal sclerosis, and vascular diseases of the hippocampal formation; and diseases in which the limbic system is randomly involved, such as various types of neoplasms and vascular and inflammatory lesions (C M Shaw 1, 1997).
An example of the first category is limbic encephalitis (LE), a term that was first described by Brierley et all in 1960 as he reported 3 patients with subacute encephalitis that is mainly involving the limbic areas. Patients usually present with severe progressive short memory deficit, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms (Tüzün & Dalmau, 2007). Two of the patients had bronchial carcinoma, and as the concept of limbic encephalitis expanded, a new entity recognized as paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) has evolved. Patient with PLE was noted to have antineuronal antibodies, including anti-Hu and anti-Ta/Ma2, which support the hypothesis that this disease has some autoimmune component (Yuasa T, 2010). In Japan, since 1990, increasing number of non – herpetic acute limbic encephalitis cases were reported. Some of these cases have an autoantibody to GluRepsilon2 (NR2B). GluRepsilon2 is a subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor found in the limbic forebrain. The pathophysiological role of this antibody aid in formulating the concept of autoantibody-mediated acute reversible LE (AMED-ARLE). These variable presentations led to categorizing LE into 3 categories: limbic encephalitis caused by virus infection, autoantibody-mediated limbic encephalitis (AMLE) as in PLE, and limbic encephalitis with autoimmune disease as in AMED-ARLE (Yuasa T, 2010).
A famous example of limbic encephalitis is patient Roger, in whom the infection resulted in massive bilateral limbic system destruction, including the hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, temporal poles, orbitofrontal cortex, basal forebrain, anterior cingulate cortex, and insular cortex.
He was found unconscious and diagnosed with type 1 virus encephalitis at the age of 28. After a nine-day coma, Roger’s condition stabilized, and he slowly emerged from the coma, completely disoriented. This LE left him with severe amnesia, anosmia, and ageusia. Moreover, Roger’s insight about his condition was impaired and he exhibit total anosognosia. Also, he was noted to have a voracious appetite with willingness to eat unstoppable, disturbed social behavior, and being constantly happy. However, Roger has preserved his above average IQ, normal attention, working memory, and executive function (Feinstein et al., 2010).
Anterograde amnesia is characterized by deficit in the ability to acquire new information and impaired consolidation and storage of the short-term memory. In this case, it most likely results from the destruction of hippocampus. As roger’s procedural memory was intact, this suggests that a different brain area is responsible for this function (Cipolotti & Bird, 2006).
Anosmia and ageusia can be partially explained by knowing that essential parts of the olfactory pathway are located within the limbic system. Essential olfactory information from the cortex is projected to the amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and hypothalamus. It is possible that structural/ functional disturbances to the limbic system as happening in LE can lead to olfactory and gustatory dysfunction (Geran et al., 2019).
Moreover, Roger was noted to have abnormal appetite as Amygdala was affected which plays a major role in food choice, eating behavior, and emotional modulation of food intake. Two nuclei are important in similar cases; the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus which is the center for control of feeding, and ventromedial nucleus which functions as the satiety center (Ganong, 2003).
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is another example in which the limbic system is predominantly involved. AD is the most common form of dementia in elderly. It is irreversible brain disorder with wide range of clinical manifestations including memory and language disturbances, visuospatial disorientation, and impaired higher executive functions (Soldan et al., 2016). Although cortical brain has been conventionally associated with Alzheimer's disease, other areas of the brain, notably the hippocampus and amygdala, are involved as well (Hooper & Vogel, 1976). Hippocampal marked volume loss has been recognized as a hallmark of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The severity of hippocampal involvement exceeds the involvement elsewhere in the brain (Haque et al., 2019) (Figure 2). Senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of the hippocampus can be visualized more readily. Also, senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles can be visible throughout the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Atrophy of the amygdala was noted, and secondary atrophy of the fornix can be seen in chronic cases as well (Hooper & Vogel, 1976). As the dementia progressed, AD patients showed more severe wide spread atrophy of gray matter areas that is more pronounced in the bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala (Li et al., 2016). A hallmark of AD is episodic memory loss, which is a type of declarative memory that is very sensitive to age and severely disrupted in AD (Tromp et al., 2015). Another noted phenomenon was that patients with AD have impaired emotional enhancement of memory following emotional stimuli. On the contrary, in neurologically intact individuals, emotional stimuli is associated with enhanced memory (Hamann et al., 2000).
As illustrated by above, hippocampus plays major role in memory processing (Eichenbaum, 2017). Since long, hippocampus has been considered as a central structure for episodic memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval (Li et al., 2016).
Additionally, integrity of the amygdala is essential for the emotional memory. Also, the interaction between the amygdala, and other brain areas, such as the hippocampal formation, prefrontal cortex, sensory neocortex, striatum, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is crucial as well for the emotional memory (Li et al., 2016).
Indeed, Both amygdala and hippocampus atrophied early in the course of disease and patient may present with memory disturbance years before he is being officially diagnosed with AD (Ortner et al., 2016)(Setti et al., 2017).
Finally, diseases in which the limbic system is randomly involved, such as neoplasms. It has been known since long time that brain tumors have a high incidence of mental abnormalities, including personality changes, behavioral disturbances, emotional defects, and reduced intellectual abilities (Malamud, 1967). A variety of tumor growth patterns have been observed in multiple areas of the limbic system. An association between limbic system lesions and psychotic symptoms has been recognized as demonstrated in a case of 26-year-old Male who developed at age of 13 spells that was accompanied by variable psychiatric symptoms, feeling of numbness, and hallucinations. He was initially diagnosed with petit mall epilepsy and was treated with anticonvulsants. However, patient psychiatric symptoms evolved to hallucinations and delusions which led to the diagnosis of schizophrenia and multiple admissions to a psychiatric institute. Later at autopsy, a tumor was found that was virtually restricted to the left anterior hippocampal region, largely involving the uncus-amygdaloid area and diminishing towards the hippocampus (Malamud, 1967).
Another case of a 19-year-old male who was diagnosed with chronic convulsive disorder at the age of 9 as he experienced grand mal attacks that were accompanied by jerking of the left extremities and inability to speak. Later, he received the diagnosis of depression, anxiety, suicidal and paranoid tendencies as he was suffering from personality changes with emotional tension, increasing withdrawal, aggressive behavior, and negativism. Autopsy revealed a small cystic tumor in the right hippocampal gyrus, compressing the hippocampal formation but not involving the amygdala, on the lateral side of which a massive hemorrhage had occurred (Malamud, 1967).
The above-mentioned cases represent intracranial tumors that involve the limbic system with predominant psychotic symptoms which confirm the generally accepted view that this system does play a significant role in emotions and behavioral expression. Aggressive and impulsive behavior in patients can be explained by deficiency in informational and emotional processing because of neural circuits destruction in the prefrontal and temporal-limbic regions (RajMohan & Mohandas, 2007) (Malamud, 1967).
Moreover, affected cases had seizure which is usually caused by temporal lobe involvement and hippocampal sclerosis. Hippocampal sclerosis with additional involvement of the amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus is termed mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). It is assumed that MTS is not limited to the medial temporal lobe, but rather it represents a limbic system disorder (Jo et al., 2019).
In conclusion, the limbic system is defined as the brain networking system that is involved in our behavioral responses, emotional drives, and memory formation. Neurological destruction to the limbic system can lead to myriad of clinical manifestations, such as epilepsy, dementia, etc. Moreover, despite the evolving understanding of the limbic system and historical advancement, more research for deeper understanding of the complex structure/function, and associated diseases is highly encouraged.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
