AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article
*Corresponding Author: Francesco Crespi, Voltammetry – NIRS Laboratories. Medicine Center, Verona, Italy
Citation: Francesco Crespi. (2022). In vivo Simultaneous Neurochemical, Electrophysiological and Behavioral Analysis of the Putative Antidepressant and Motor Stimulating Properties of Nociceptin/Orphanin fq (n/ofq) Receptor Antagonists: a Research Proposal. J. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. 12(1); DOI:10.31579/2578-8868/229
Copyright: © 2022 Francesco Crespi, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Received: 10 February 2022 | Accepted: 10 May 2022 | Published: 11 May 2022
Keywords: simultaneous neurochemical; electrophysiological; behavioral
Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is a 17 amino acid endogenous opioid-like neuropeptide (Meunier et al. 1995; Reinscheid et al. 1995) that activates a G-protein coupled nociceptin opioid peptide receptor
Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is a 17 amino acid endogenous opioid-like neuropeptide (Meunier et al. 1995; Reinscheid et al. 1995) that activates a G-protein coupled nociceptin opioid peptide receptor (Bunzow et al. 1994), named NOP (Cox 2013).
The N/OFQ-NOP receptor system is widely represented throughout the rodent (Darland et al. 1998; Slowe et al. 2001), primate (Bridge et al. 2003) and human (Witta et al. 2004) CNS.
Established neurobehavioral techniques as well as radio-imaging technologies have been applied to investigate this system in animals and humans, in particular on the role of N/OFQ in the control of feeding, body weight homeostasis, stress, depression, anxiety, and in drug and alcohol dependence (Kiguchi et al. 2020 and for reviews Witkin et al. 2014; Zaveri 2016).
In rodents the N/OFQ receptor system is widely expressed in cortical and subcortical motor areas (Darland et al., 1998) and is involved in the modulation of a number of biological actions (Lambert 2008; for a review Mogil and Pasternak 2001).
Previous works demonstrated that intra-cerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of N/OFQ has been consistently shown to inhibit spontaneous locomotion (Kuzmin et al. 2004; Bebawy et al. 2010) as well as motor activity stimulated by pharmacological agents (Lutfy et al., 2001, Narayanan et al., 2004). Alternatively other experiments showed that Nociceptin administered intra-cerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at doses of 2, 5 and 10 nmol/rat changed neither DA nor metabolites release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens or in the nucleus caudate but was able to reduce morphine-induced DA and metabolites release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens, therefore possibly acting mainly as modulator of neurochemical and behavioral influence of drugs of abuse (Di Giannuario and Pieretti.2000; Koizumi et al., 2004).
Endogenous N/OFQ also inhibits motor behaviour since pharmacological or genetic blockade of N/OFQ transmission increases locomotor performance on the rotarod (Marti et al., 2004). Early pharmacological evidence also supports a role for the N/OFQ-NOP receptor system in the modulation of mood related behaviours in rodents, i.e. two chemically unrelated NOP receptor antagonists, the peptide [Nphe'] N/OFQ(l-13) NH2 and the non-peptide J-l 13397, reduced the immobility time of mice in the forced swimming test (FST; Redrobe et al., 2002), test that has been proved to be of utility to predict the clinical efficacy of antidepressants in rodents (Porsolt et al. 1977).
Later, these results were obtained also with the NOP receptor peptide antagonist UFP-101, i.e. in rodents administered i.c.v. it was followed by reduction of the immobility time and by increase of the climbing behavior in rats submitted to the forced swimming test. These data were further supported with genetic observations, i.e. by challenging knockout mice
(Chia et al. 2005) in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests (Gavioli et al. 2004).
Additionally, chronic treatment with UFP-101 produced antidepressant-like effects in rats subjected to a validated animal model of depression: the chronic mild stress (CMS) (Vitale et al. 2009).
The neurochemical substrate involved in i) the motor depressant action of endogenous N/OFQ and ii) the antidepressant-like action of NOP receptor antagonists is still matter of investigation.
The motor depressant action of endogenous N/OFQ has been related to N/OFQ ability to inhibit dopaminergic transmission along the nigrostriatal pathway, since NOP receptor antagonists evoked striatal dopamine (DA) release in the rat (Marti et al. 2004).
However, the influence of N/OFQ upon DA system is controversial as other works have shown that:
-Nociceptin administered intra-cerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at doses of 2, 5 and 10 nmol/rat changed neither DA nor metabolites release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens or in the nucleus caudate (Di Giannuario and Pieretti 2000);
-Orphanin FQ when applied to the ventral tegmental area of anesthetized rats by reverse dialysis at a probe concentration of 1 mM (but not at 0.1 mM) significantly reduced dopamine levels sampled with a second dialysis probe in the nucleus accumbens. In contrast, the receptor-inactive analogue, des-Phe1 -orphanin FQ (1 mM), produced a small but significant increase in nucleus accumbens dialysate dopamine levels. (Murphy and Maidment 1999).
-In vivo microdialysis studies have shown a large increase of dopamine release (in the order of 350-390% of control values) in striatum when treating conscious rats with nociceptin at the micromolar concentration (Konia et al. 1998).
Finally, in his review Toll et al. (2016) reported about both facilitatory and inhibitory motor actions of N/OFQ and that both these effects were abolished in animals in which tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity was inhibited, indicating that endogenous DA is critical for both events (Kuzmin et al. 2004). In particular, Florin et al. (1996) previously noted that the facilitatory effects of low doses of N/OFQ were abolished by haloperidol treatment, proposing a role for D2 receptors.
Again, in more recent work, we have observed either increase or decrease of DA levels monitored with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the substancia nigra (SN) of anaesthetized rats, depending on the amount of N/OFQ injected locally into the SN (Crespi 2019).
On the other hand, what appears more consistent as an effect of N/OFQ is the [negative] influence upon serotoninergic activities. Indeed, in earlier studies performed with DPV we have shown that microinjection of N/OFQ in the substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) inhibits local serotonin (5-HT) release in anaesthetized rats (Marti et al. 2005; Crespi 2019). Facilitation of serotonergic transmission in the SNr enhances locomotion in rodents (Jacobs and Fornal 1997; Bata-Garcia et al. 2002) and both dopaminergic and serotonergic transmission is increased in the SNr and striatum during continuous motor execution (Bergquist et al. 2003, Pruett et al. 2013).
Moreover, some authors have suggested that the antidepressant action of NOP receptor antagonists is due to blockade of N/OFQ inhibition of central serotonergic transmission at two different levels: at the dorsal raphe nucleus (RDN) neurons, where N/OFQ causes hyperpolarization by increasing a K+ conductance (Vaughan and Christie, 1996; Toll et al. 2016), and at cortical serotonergic nerve terminals, where N/OFQ inhibits 5-HT release (Mela et al. 2004; Tao et al. 2007).
It has been observed that local injection of N/OFQ into the hippocampus markedly decreased exploratory locomotor activity including vertical movements (rearing) in rats (Sandin et al., 1997). Furthermore, it has been shown that it elicits hypolocomotion in rats submitted to elevated plus maze and in the conditioned defensive burying test (Vitale et al. 2006).
Thus, our hypothesis is that continuous motor activity causes release of endogenous N/OFQ which therefore may act upon DA an then 5-HT release in the basal ganglia, as previously observed in the SN (Crespi 2019), resulting in impaired locomotion
To prove this hypothesis, a specific study will be undertaken in awake rats prepared for voltammetry – electrophysiology recordings as already described (Crespi 2002, 2017).515-In addition, these rodents will be freely moving and therefore subjected to behavioral tests (i.e. the rotarod or the forced swimming test) by employing a telemetric system that allows to correlate on line and with high-time resolution both neurochemical and behavioural parameters (Crespi 2010a, 2013).
Furthermore, concomitant voltammetric and electrophysiological changes of the serotonergic system will be performed at two different levels: cell bodies (i.e. SNr, RDN) and relevant serotonergic nerve terminals i.e. amygdale, hippocampus, cortex, as previously described (Crespi 2002, 2010b, 2018).
Animals
The difference between strains of rats has to be taken into consideration as it appears that
combined behavioral-voltammetric investigations suggest that “behavioral despair” is the process interesting Wistar rats when submitted to FST while “learning to be immobile” is the process involving Sprague-Dawley CD rats (Crespi 2010c).
Voltammetric Analysis and Behavior
Voltammetric analysis of 5-HT and DA release (Crespi et al. 1988, Crespi 2013, 2019) will be performed in the SNr and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) of awake rats at rest and during performance on the rotarod. Then, the effect of selective NOP receptor agonists and antagonists (either injected into the SNr or given systemically) on nigral and striatal 5-HT and DA release will be investigated. Among agonists, N/OFQ will be tested while among antagonists, the peptide compound UFP-101 (Calo et al. 2002) and the non-peptide compound J-l 13397 (Kawamoto et al., 1999) will be used. This will allow correlation between changes of 5-HT and DA release and motor effects of NOP receptor ligands. A telemetric system will be implemented to transmit data from the electrodes to the recording system (Crespi 2010a, 2013).
Concomitant electrophysiological analysis in cell bodies and relevant terminal areas in anaesthetised rats (Crespi, 2002) will give information on the effect of N/OFQ or NOP receptor blockade on cell firing. The feasibility of telemetric electrophysiological monitoring in conscious rats would be also assessed in order to correlate these outcomes with the biochemical data gathered in rotarod-behaving animals.
In the attempt to verify the putative antidepressant action of NOP receptor antagonists the correlation between cortical 5-HT levels and the behavioral effects induced by the NOP antagonist UFP-101 will be analyzed in rats subjected to the forced swimming test (FST) as previously described (Crespi 2002). Briefly, in conscious rats previously prepared for voltammetric analysis in the cerebral cortex, an i.c.v. administration of UFP-101 at 1 and 10 nmol/rat will be performed 5 min before the FST. Three behavioral parameters, previously shown to be reliable and validated for the detection of antidepressant drug effects in the rat FST, will be scored:
Real time in vivo voltammetric measurement of 5-HT levels in the cerebral cortex will be assessed in rats before, during and after the FST, in order to correlate the behavioral effects induced by central administration of UFP-101 with 5-HT levels in the cerebral cortex.
Additionally, a parallel approach to verify the effect of UFP-101 upon the serotonergic system could be by applying the ex vivo voltammetric method analyzing 5-HT levels in rat platelet-rich plasma versus 5-HT levels in isolated platelets. Definitely, neurons and platelets display structural and functional similarities, so that the latter have been proposed as a peripheral model of central functions (Sneddon 1973; Sthal 1977). In particular, in blood more than 99% of 5-HT is contained in platelets, so that one could consider changes in 5-HT levels in platelets as a mirror of changes in central 5-HT.
Indeed, it has been shown that peripheral 5-HT in rat platelet-rich plasma mirrors cerebral extracellular 5-HT levels, whilst 5-HT in isolated platelets mirrors neuronal 5-HT changes and that following FST as well as treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine peripheral 5-HT platelet levels can reflect the state of the central 5-HT system in conditions of depression (Bianchi et al. 2002; Maurer-Spurej et al. 2004).
It is known that the generation of specific agonists, antagonists and receptor deficient mice and rats has enabled progress in elucidating the biological functions of N/OFQ receptor system. Furthermore, it has been shown that UFP-101 exhibits pronounced antidepressant-like effects in different species and animal models, possibly by preventing the inhibitory effects of endogenous N/OFQ on brain monoaminergic (in particular serotonergic) neurotransmission. The present experiments will possibly further support the involvement of the N/OFQ-NOP receptor system in mood modulation so that it can be proposed as another potential targets for antidepressant drug development.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
