AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article
*Corresponding Author: Ogbonna Brian O, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, David Umahi Federal Univers
Citation: Enaike Evangeline N, Amagba Chinwendu J, Amagba Nneoma L, Eze Daniel C, Ogbonna Brian O, (2024), Dynamics of Psychoactive Substance Use among Pregnant Women in Nigeria, J. Endocrinology and Disorders, 8(5): DOI:10.31579/2640-1045/190
Copyright: © 2024, Ogbonna Brian O. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 30 June 2024 | Accepted: 18 July 2024 | Published: 28 August 2024
Keywords: psychoactive substances; pregnancy
Psychoactive substances could be used for medical and non-medical reasons, but need to be used with caution in pregnancy due to their negative effects on the fetus. Globally and in Nigeria, there are limited studies conducted on the use of, and effects of psychoactive substances by pregnant women probably due to the special population required despite the wide range of psychoactive substances readily available and easily accessible by pregnant women. This study examined the dynamics of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in Nigeria, the effects on pregnancy and neonates, and critical methods of regulation, intervention, and prevention. The study utilized a narrative review to assess the dynamics in the prevalence, use, and effects of psychoactive substances by pregnant women. The study was synthesized from several research articles assessed through electronic means. Search terms were used either individually, in series, or using truncation where necessary. Studies considered were those conducted in Nigeria and published in the English Language from January 1970 to December 2023. All of the articles fell below the 3rd position on the 8points Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Scale (OCEMS). Overall, 11 articles were selected from a total of 1260 articles which gave rise to 0.87% selection eligibility criteria. The southwest had the highest distribution of studies on psychoactive substance use in pregnancy 6.0(54.5%), followed by south east 2.0(18.2%) and north central at 1.0(9.1%), and south at 1.0 (0.9%). Studies hierarchy fell in the fourth stage of the 6 points Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network Scale (SIGNS) for the hierarchy of study types. Psychoactive substance uses in pregnancy in Nigeria fell at the lower half of two standard benchmarks for study types. Most of the studies were predominantly carried out in the southern part of Nigeria. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses, Randomized Controlled Trials, Nonrandomized intervention studies, experiment studies, and Expert opinions on psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in Nigeria were still not available in the country.
The United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has defined New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) as ‘substances of abuse, either in a pure form or a preparation, that are not controlled by the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, but which may pose a public health threat’ [1]. Definitions of NPS can vary between countries, reflecting pharmacological and structural classifications, and differences in national legislation [2]. By 2018, a total of 892 individual NPS, reported by 119 countries, were being monitored by the UNODC early warning system, and by the end of 2018, over 730 NPS had been notified to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) [3, 4]. The rapid proliferation at which new NPS has emerged on the global drugs market is unparalleled, and it was estimated that at its peak in 2015, new NPS appeared at a rate of at least one new substance per week [5, 6].
Many studies have focused on the prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes associated with the use of psychoactive substances, and suggest that psychoactive substances are associated with harm in key populations such as adolescents, prisoners, and homeless people, but there are limited studies on the use and effects of psychoactive substances in pregnancy in Nigeria. This study intends to bridge the gap identified. It revealed what has been done, and the extent of research in this area, and provided direction for improvement on the nature and extent of studies. It addressed the statement of question concerning participants, interventions; comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS Approach), and will serve as the audit trail required to broaden the scope of research in special populations. Without periodic reviews, it will be difficult to understand if progress is made and to proffer in-depth contributions to research done on the use and effects of psychoactive substances in pregnancy. This study examined the dynamics of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in Nigeria, the effects on pregnancy and neonates, and critical methods of regulation, intervention, and prevention.
Methods
Study area
The study covered psychoactive substances studies originally carried out in Nigeria.
Review question
What is the extent of the use of psychoactive substances in pregnancy and its effects on the fetus?
Study population and types of studies included
All studies that passed the inclusion criteria and were published on Research Gate, PubMed, Academia.edu, and Google Scholar were utilized for the study. A manual search was also conducted for studies that met the inclusion criteria. This ensured the retrieval of relevant studies while focusing on the study objectives.
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
· Peer-reviewed studies published in English Language
· Studies conducted on the use of Psychoactive substances during pregnancy in Nigeria irrespective of the region between 1970 and 2023
· Studies with no conflict of interest stated
· Studies that provided other information that may help to understand the use and effects of psychoactive substances
· Studies with clearly stated and defined research methods and design
Exclusion criteria
· Studies conducted on the use of psychoactive substances during pregnancy in Nigeria irrespective of the region between 1970 and 2023 without clearly defined period, duration, sample size, and location were discarded
· Studies with methodological flaws
· Studies with incomplete data
Study design
The study was a narrative review of the dynamics of psychoactive substance use and its effects on pregnancy in Nigeria.
Risk of bias
The selected studies were assessed for subject, sample selection, and reporting bias.
Information source
Manual and secondary searches were conducted using PubMed, Research gate, and Google Scholar.
Condition and Domain studied
Studies conducted on psychoactive substances, and articles which described the use in pregnancy in Nigeria.
Prevalence, effects, traction study, and data extraction were done according to the standard reporting protocol for narrative reviews [7].
Data Items and Summary Measures
Data was sought for title of publication, study location, design, sample size, year of publication, inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, study instrument, level of evidence, and hierarchy of studies. All the articles that met the inclusion criteria and fell within the years under review were selected.
Context
The study covered original studies and articles on psychoactive substances used in pregnancy carried out in Nigeria.
Articles search process
MEDLINE (PubMed), and Google Scholar were searched for studies and articles on the use of psychoactive substances in pregnancy in Nigeria between 1970 and 2023. The search strategy and terms were carried out as presented in Figure 1 as shown below. The primary concept and theme were used individually, in series/strings, and truncated where necessary during the search for articles. Additional words found appropriate and relevant to the title and objective were utilized. A total of 1260 articles were obtained, from 720 MEDLINE and 540 from Google Scholar (secondary search). These articles were assessed for eligibility based on inclusion criteria.
Study period and duration
The study lasted from May to June 2024 and covered peer-reviewed articles published from January 1970 to December 2023.
Ethical approval
Ethical approval is not applicable here as this is a narrative review article. However, only studies with ethical approval were included and utilized in the review process.
Data analysis
The data was summarized with descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages.
Study articles selection process
A total of 1260 articles were obtained, 720 from MEDLINE (PubMed) and 540 from Google Scholar (secondary search). These articles were assessed for eligibility based on inclusion criteria. Overall, 365 studies fell outside the scope of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy and were discarded, giving rise to 11 articles eligible for review.
Data extraction instrument, pilot testing, and data extraction process
The data extraction method was designed by examining the articles, writing out key data represented, and eliminating irrelevant ones based on the title and study objectives. The remaining data was harnessed into one extraction sheet and was pilot-tested for face and content validation using two articles that were not included in the study. The extracted data was arranged logically, and the sheet used to collate data was designed into an appropriate table format for ease of collation of results and analysis. The final instrument was given to an independent assessor to critique by using it on two independent studies before use for data collection.
Table 1: Characteristics distribution of selected studies (Evidence-Based Table)
Flow chart of the study process
| Reference | Title | Location | Design | Year of Publication | Sample Size | Inclusion | Exclusion | Study Instrument |
| [8] | Substance use and sexual cognitive orientation as predictors of academic performance among pregnant adolescents in Nigeria | North east | Cross-sectional study | 2023 | 400 | Pregnant Adolescents 15 to 19 years Students | Non pregnant adolescents Non students | Questionnaire |
| [9] | Use of substance and non-prescription drugs by pregnant Nigerian Women | South east | Cross -sectional study | 2003 | 1160 | Pregnant women registered in antenatal clinic | Non pregnant women | Questionnaire |
| [10] | Psychoactive substance use and psychiatric morbidity among pregnant women attending an ante-natal clinic in Benin City, Nigeria | South south | Cross-sectional Descriptive | 2018 | 395 | Psychiatric pregnant women 16 to 49 years | Participants who declined and cannot communicate in English Language | Questionnaire |
| [11] | Alcohol consumption and tobacco exposure among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria
| South west | Prospective cohort study | 2022 | 1745 | Women ≤20 weeks’ gestation, aged ≥18 years, and women without severe medical complications | Pregnant women> 20 weeks gestation, with severe medical complications | Interviewer administered questionnaire |
| [12] | Psychosocial Correlates of Psychoactive Substance Use among Pregnant Women | South west | Descriptive Cross-sectional study | 2018 | 130 | Pregnant women who gave consent | Women who presented in labor or with hyperemesis gravidarum | Questionnaire |
| [13] | Psychoactive substance use in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in Enugu Nigeria | South east | Cross sectional | 2020 | 205 | Consenting pregnant women attending antenatal clinic | Not stated | Questionnaire |
| [14] | Perception and Belief of Pregnant Women on the Effects of Psychoactive Substance use among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Clinic in Ondo State | South west | Descriptive cross-sectional study | 2021 | 378 my | pregnant women attending antenatal clinic | Not stated | Structured questionnaire |
| [15] | Prevalence and consumption pattern of kola nut among pregnant women in Ibadan metropolis
| South west | Cross-sectional study | 2023 | 478 | Consenting pregnant women attending antenatal care | Women who were unable to communicate in any of the common languages, children under 15 years | Structured questionnaire |
| [16] | Self-Medication in Pregnancy and Associated Psychopathological Symptoms of Antenatal Nigerian Women | South west | cross-sectional hospital-based exploratory | 2020 | 277 | Pregnant women in good physical condition attending antenatal clinic, willing to spend about 8 minutes for the study | non-pregnant women, pregnant women experiencing ill health, and those who expressed a lack of time | Questionnaire |
| [17] | Medication and Substance Use among Pregnant Women in a Nigerian North Central Community, Kwara State, Nigeria | North central | Longitudinal cross-sectional study | 2017 | 200 | All pregnant women resident in the community | Pregnant women who could not give adequate response to the questions and did not consent to participate | Semi-structured questionnaire |
| [18] | Prevalence of Substance abuse by Pregnant women attending Traditional Birth Attendant (TBA) clinics in a Semi-urban region in South-West Nigeria | South west | Cross-sectional study | 2023 | 220 | Pregnant women attending Traditional Birth Attendant clinics | Non pregnant women | Questionnaire |
Table 2: Regional focus of psychoactive substance uses in pregnancy studies in Nigeria.
| s/n | Geopolitical zones | Number of studies n (%) | Study focus |
| 1 | North east | 1.0 (9.1) | Substance utilization and evaluation of effect |
| 2 | North west | 0.0 (0.0) | Nil |
| 3 | North central | 1.0 (9.1) | Substance |
| 4 | South east | 2.0 (18.2) | Prevalence and pattern of psychoactive substance utilization |
| 5 | South south | 1.0 (9.1) | Prevalence and pattern of psychoactive substance use |
| 6 | South west | 6.0 (54.5) | Prevalence, consumption pattern and effect |
| 7 | Mid west | 0.0 (0.0) | Nil |
| 8 | North | 0.0 (0.0) | Nil |
| Total | 11.0 (100) |
Table 3: Assessment of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy studies in Nigeria based on Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine’s Levels of Evidence from Highest to Lowest [19]
| s/n | Level of evidence | Definition | n (%) |
| 1 | 1A | Systematic review of RCTs | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 2 | 1B | Individual RCT | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 3 | 2A | Systematic review of cohort studies | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 4 | 2B | Individual cohort studies, low-quality RCT | 6.0 (54.5) |
| 5 | 2C | Ecological studies | |
| 6 | 3A | Systematic review of case-control studies | 2.0 (18.2) |
| 7 | 3B | Individual case control studies | 3.0 (27.3) |
| 8 | 4 | Case series, poor quality cohort and case control studies | 0.0 (0.0) |
| Total | 11.0 (100.0) |
Table 4: Assessment of psychoactive substance use in pregnant women studies based on the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network for hierarchy of Study Type [20]
| s/n | Study types according to hierarchy | n (%) |
| 1 | Systematic review and Meta-analysis | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 2 | Randomized Controlled Trials | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 3 | Nonrandomized intervention studies | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 4 | Observational studies | 11.0 (100) |
| 5 | Non experimental studies | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 6 | Expert opinion | 0.0 (0.0) |
| Total | 11.0 (100.0) |
Table 5: Periodic distribution of psychoactive substance uses in pregnancy articles
| s/n | Period of publication of study | Number of articles published n (%) |
| 1 | < 2000> | 0.0 (0.0) |
| 2 | 2001 – 2010 | 1.0 (9.0) |
| 3 | 2011 – 2020 | 5.0 (45.5) |
| 4 | 2021 - 2023 | 5.0 (45.5) |
| Total | 11.0 (100.0) |
The distribution of the studies revealed a high incidence of observational studies in the country. All studies were carried out within the last three decades as shown in Tables 1 and 5. Although pregnant women have been using psychoactive substances such as alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, opioids, and cocaine, the extent and pattern of use have varied significantly over time and across different cultures. The study suggested a skewed distribution of cited articles to the southern part of the country as shown in Table 2. Studies have shown that there is a higher rate of psychoactive substance use in the south ant a higher attendance of antenatal clinics by pregnant women in the southern part of the country. This was followed closely by the north-central and northeast parts of Nigeria. Overall, studies on psychoactive substance use in pregnancy are very limited due to the special population required for the study (pregnant women), and the negative effects of psychoactive substances on both the mother and the fetus. Related studies indicated that substance use during pregnancy increases the chances of stillbirth and low birth weight in newborns [21,22]. Other studies indicated that about five percent of women use varying psychoactive substances during pregnancy [21,23,24]. The prevalence of above 40% was reported in northern Nigeria [25].
There has been no review article describing the use and effects of psychoactive substances in pregnancy in Nigeria. All studies on psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in Nigeria till January 2001 fell within the lower half of two standard benchmarks for the hierarchy of study types namely: Oxford and Scottish benchmarks for the hierarchy of clinical studies. Most of the studies on psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in Nigeria were carried out in the southern part of Nigeria. Despite the report of several studies on the use of psychoactive substances in pregnancy within Nigeria [26,27], review studies on the subject were lacking. This could be attributable to a lack of interest in this area, or poor documentation. This study described the dynamics of studies on the use of psychoactive substances in pregnancy in Nigeria provided an overview of the prevalence and effects of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy and on the fetus, and made comparisons with Oxford and Scottish benchmarks for the hierarchy of clinical studies to fill the gap, and documented information for intervention and policy formation.
The distribution of studies showed a high incidence of observational studies in the country. There has been a growing incidence of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy in hospitals within the last two to three decades. The evidence level of psychoactive substance use in pregnancy within the country remains limited. Most of the psychoactive substance use in pregnancy studies in the country was predominantly recorded in the southern part of the country, followed by the northern axis. The study fell short of the Oxford and Scottish benchmarks for the hierarchy of study, an indication of the limited studies conducted in this special population (pregnancy). No systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials, non-randomized intervention studies, Randomized Clinical Trials, and narrative reviews were recorded.
Limitations of the study
Some articles relevant to the study may have been left out due to search and search terms limitations. Some limitations associated with varying levels of bias may have existed in the primary studies which escaped elimination and may have affected the outcome of the study. There may be other better ways of presenting the tables. However, these formats were chosen for simplicity and clarity of purpose.
Conflict of Interest
The author has none to declare.
Grant/Sponsorship
None
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
