AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research Article
*Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Esfarjani, Research Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Citation: Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, Hedayat Hosseini, Yeganeh Salmani, Fatemeh Esfarjani (2021) Content Analysis of Edible oil TV advertisements, and Consumer Perceptions Regarding these advertisements: a Mixed-Method Study. J. Nutrition and Food Processing, 4(1); DOI:10.31579/2637-8914/034
Copyright: © 2021 Fatemeh Esfarjani, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 05 December 2020 | Accepted: 25 January 2021 | Published: 30 January 2021
Keywords: television advertisements; edible oil; content analysis; consumer behavior; focus group discussions
This study aimed at the content analysis of edible oil TV advertisements and consumer perceptions regarding these advertisements in 2020. A total of 3266 edible oil advertisements broadcasted on five major Iranian national television channels were videotaped for content analysis during three months. The result of content analysis conducted that, the majority of edible oil advertisements were related to frying oils (62%), and olive oil advertising was the last one (6%). The most slogan contents of edible oil advertisements were no palm. During the prime time of TV viewing, the advertisements portrayed unhealthy messages. Then ten focus group discussions (FGDs) were held. Advertising was the main factor affecting consumer edible oil purchases that may motivate them to eat more frying foods and change their purchase behavior towards the consumption of edible oils more than the recommended limits. Advertisement marketing companies must use healthy and informative advertisement content to increase community awareness and promote building consumer trust. Policymakers should pass new laws for controlling edible oil advertisements to prevent non-communicable diseases.
Running title: Edible oil TV advertisements and consumer perceptions
Advertisements can be a tool for the introduction of various foods to the public and also can teach customers some skills by influence the behavior of them as one of the important socialization agents (1, 2). Over the recent decade, the effect of TV food advertisements has been the issue of researches. They showed that watching TV is significantly associated with increased consumption of unhealthy foods, and there is sufficient evidence that TV advertising influences the consumers' food preferences, choices, purchases, and eating habits. [3]. Television is still the dominant avenue for advertising food items. In Iran, TV is the most popular media community [4], and studies show that food advertising can play an important role in increasing people’s consumption behavior and beliefs [5, 6].
With technology's advancements, advertisers have provided easy and fast access of consumers to different advertisements by different mass media channels and means of communication [7]. Another side of this technology advancement is that consumers are now having plenty of information and can choose the best things. So it becomes very difficult for the advertisers to build brand awareness and condition the mind of the consumers to make the final purchase decision, as consumers are gaining more control over the products and information [7]. Advertising of unhealthy food means that TV advertisements encourage the consumption of products with high fat, high sugar, and high sodium [8].
The results of a national study conducted by the National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute in 2016 showed that the per capita consumption of salt is 7 gr, sugar 11 gr, and fat 15 gr per day more than the recommended amounts. Which can lead to the prevalence of overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and various types of cancer [9].
Obesity and overweight as public health problems lead to chronic diseases that are associated with high mortality rates [10]. The relationship between TV watching and obesity is well documented by research studies [11,12]. Food advertising is partially responsible for the outbreak of obesity and overweight [13]. A study in Iran (2011) indicated that the weighted prevalence of obesity and overweight were about 21% and 34%, respectively [14].
Consumer behavior is mostly affected by several factors, including family, culture, and brand image. Brand awareness helps the consumer to buy a particular product [1]. Due to this fact, edible oil companies focus on advertising their products through public media, especially TV. Advertisement creates awareness in the consumer thus motivate them to buy the product. Along with that advertisements also build a positive or negative perception of the bands. In Iranian culture, women generally are food keepers; therefore, understanding the level of their perception plays an important role in the health of the community [15].
There is not any study that has been conducted regarding edible oil advertisements. This is the first mixed-methods study aimed at the content analysis of edible oil TV advertisements and consumer perceptions regarding these advertisements in 2020.
This mixed-method study was conducted in two phases:
First phase
This phase was a content analysis of all food advertisements related to edible oils broadcasted on five major Iran national TV networks (Channels 1, 2, 3, 5, and Nasim). All advertisements broadcasted were videotaped for three months during October- December 2019. Primetime television (7:00 pm -10:00 pm) was selected for content analysis because it attracts the largest viewing audience. A trained assistant viewed the videotapes, and the type of brand and mode of presentation coded all references to edible oils. The coding was checked for reliability by double coding a subsample of programs by an independent observer. The following information was coded: product and company name, any expressed messages, or claims about the edible oil being advertised [16-18].
Second phase
Study design and subjects
In this qualitative study, ten Focus group discussions (FGDs) [19,20] were convened in ten health centers from five districts (North, East, West, South, and Center) of Tehran city. The districts were classified as high, moderate, and low socioeconomic status based on a report by the Ministry of Economic and Financial Affairs [21]. The FGDs were held until reaching saturation in each center (which means no new idea or comment) [22]. Executors conducted a pilot FGD in a health center with 12 women, who were not included in the main study. The purpose was to match the performance of all team members and to check the questions’ intelligibility.
Participants
The participants included women who are responsible for home purchases, cooking, and also used to watch TV advertisements. They were invited by the health centers’ staff through the phone call and informed about the purpose of the study to participate in the study based on their willingness on a specific date. In a continuous procedure, 115 consumers were contacted; 102 of them accepted to cooperate, and 13 consumers were excluded as they were not available and said that they never watch TV advertisements. Each FGD included 8-12 samples that took 50-70 minutes.
Data collection
An expert moderator defined the research team and explained the aim of the study. The participants were seated together with the moderator in a semi-circle in the center. Then they were informed that their voices would be recorded. The moderator's guide was designed based on the literatures [13,23, 24], research questions, and content analysis for study goals, which consisted of a series of open-ended questions developed by the research team and reviewed by an academic review panel to allow the respondents to explain their own opinions and experiences. (Table 1).
Triangulation was done by the collection of data through FGD with women with different socioeconomic statuses residing in different districts of Tehran to gain multiple perspectives and validation of data. The finding was also verified with five samples who met the inclusion criteria but did not participate in the study; they approved the suitability of the findings. To confirm dependability, four academic members directed a second edition. The findings were double-checked with some of the key informants. All the items including procedures, actions, and decisions were documented for audit goals. During the discussions, the views and perspectives were changed or developed that led to the generation of important comments and potential solutions to the issues [25].
Data Analysis
After each FGD, the notes were arranged based on the focus group questions and probes, and emotions such as expressions, laughter, and sighs were noted. The record of each focus group was transcribed verbatim and compared with the notes to check potential differences. Then each item was checked or compared with the rest of the data to develop analytical categories by writing, reading, and rereading the built codes and themes as well as discussing the transcripts at the team meetings (26). Then, the codes were divided into categories based on how different codes were related and linked. The emerged categories were used to organize and group the codes into meaningful themes. The inter-rater reliability was calculated using percent agreement (inter-rater reliability r = 0.87). This agreement indicated that the coding list was reliable [27].
Ethics: This research was supported and approved by National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Grants No. 20743). Informed consent was obtained from voluntary participants of FGDs.
For the first phase, a total of 3266 edible oil advertisements in 76983 seconds of 10 brands were broadcasted for three months. As oils mostly consume in two forms in Iran, the advertisements were divided into two types of cooking (Canola, Corn, Sunflower, Soybean oil, and Olive oil), and frying oils. The majority of edible oil advertisements were related to frying oils (62%), and olive oil advertising was the last one (6%) (Table. 2).
The content of slogans included no palm, light, healthy, body fresher, transparent, zero Trans, no cholesterol, and no clogging of vessels. Channel 3, as the most popular channel, had the most edible oil advertising (33%), and then channels 1 (23%), Nasim (18%), 2 (15%), and 5 (11%) had the most edible oil advertising respectively (Figure 1).
The percent of distribution of edible oil advertisements according to broadcast five Iranian television channels during 3 months (N=3266).
Our findings from the content analysis showed that messages related to eating practices are conveyed frequently during prime time TV viewing and that the TV advertised unhealthy practices with these contents: did not use a measure to consume oil in foods, re-used cooking oil in prepared foods, and even salads, and demonstrated children’s interest in high-fat fried foods.
In the second phase, the characteristics of women participating in the FGDs showed that the majority of the interviewed women (35%) were in the age range of 50-59 years. The majority of them held diploma and higher degrees (83%). The majority of participants reported that their information on this issue comes from social media, TV & radio, educational programs, family and friends, doctors, and reading magazines and newspapers, orderly (Table 3).
The FGD results, as presented in Table 4, showed that four categories (edible oil advertisement, edible oil purchases, the effect of edible oil advertising on consumers, and building consumer trust) emerged consisting of 5 themes with 23 sub-themes based on the views of the participants.
All participants watched the TV edible oil advertisements. The majority of them (82%) watched those advertisements on average 3 to 4 times per day.
Besides the advertising of edible oil which was stated as the main factor affecting women's intention of purchases, subsequent factors include quality, experience, price, taste, and expiration date. Only one of the women reported paying attention to the label on the product. Thirty consumers cited price and being on the sale as the first factors; they believed their purchasing power and income could affect the type of edible oil purchasing. The majority of consumers said watching TV advertisements increases their desire for fried food demand changes their diet habits.
Most of the participants (64%) in this study admitted that edible oil advertisements are seductive and they did not have any trust in them because they believed that although they are for consumers’ awareness, dishonesty dominates the advertisements.
Advertisements are very useful in creating awareness; however, they have failed to build strong perceptions in the mind of consumers [1]. In a study performed in Ireland, 322 TV advertisements of foodstuff and drinks were recorded, of which 66.3% were related to the food products, and most (27.3%) of the recorded advertisements concerned fast foods [28].
According to the Turkish Radio and Television Supreme Council’s 2018 research report, the average TV watching time in Turkey is 3.5 h/day [29]. Based on a report by the Statistical Center of Iran, per capita, 91.4% of Iranian people view TV programs, and the coverage of TV programs in 2018 was ~ 4.52 h per day [30]. It revealed that they are subsequently more exposed to television advertising.
The most influential advertising slogan among the participants was frying oil without palm. It shows they were worried about the current challenges on palm oil issues. Similar findings from the study in 2019 in Italy showed that palm oil has recently become an issue among people [31]. However, it resists oxidation at high temperatures and gives a more desirable color to final products compared to other unsaturated oils [31,32].
It seems that advertising still plays an important role in encouraging consumers to buy products. According to a study in 2017 in the USA showed that advertising has been found to induce consumer reactions and directly influence their purchase intent (33). Contrary to the opinion of the participants in the present study, the results of a study in Turkey showed that price plays an important role in consumers’ buying decisions for edible oil. In the other words, if food prices on the competitive market among expendable income of consumers increase, demand oil consumption decreases [34]. Advertisement is directly linked with the sales of the products [35]; A similar study in India showed that among the lower-income groups, the price was a major influencing factor [36].
Nowadays, advertisement plays an important role in persuading consumers to purchase specific brands and services [37]. A brand is a name term, sign, or symbol intended to identify the products. It can create awareness, reputation, and so on in the market place (38). Companies spend a considerable amount of investment in the advertisement because they want to keep their products and brands at the top of the consumers’ minds and they shape the perception of the consumers either positively or negatively [1]. Interestingly, the participants of this study believed that when a brand is advertised repeatedly, it would have an adverse effect on purchasing.
Based on literature and the annual report of Iran’s Central Banks, the per capita consumption of edible oil in Iranian households is 19 kilograms, 58% more than the recommended limits [39, 40]. According to the findings of the present study, the majority of edible oil advertisements were related to frying oils that will motivate the consumer to eat fast foods. Health authorities believe that the accumulation of unhealthy messages communicated to the community through food advertising is a leading cause of the consumption of unhealthy foods [13]. Behaviors adopted early in life can predict later habits; it is not surprising that more time spent watching TV during youth is a strong predictor of compromised health later in life.
An important unanswered question is whether TV exposure has any impact on consumer actual eating behavior. It seems that frequent regular TV exposure might influence eating habits and health messages are disappear in the majority of oil advertisements. The findings of a study in Ireland indicated that new laws should be passed for controlling the advertisements of unhealthy foodstuff broadcasted during children's programs [28]. The effects of edible oil TV advertisements may greater in children when compared with adults. Therefore, it is important to consider the possible negative effects of exposure to food-related TV advertisements [41].
According to Rai (2013), advertisements are the source of motivation, and building consumers' trust, forcing them to buy a particular product [42]. Although most of our participants mentioned that they did not have any trust in advertisements, they had to buy it as a basic need for making food. They preferred to buy a famous brand of edible oil. This shows that advertising can affect consumer buying behavior. Honesty in advertising, winning the trust of consumers and the transparency of edible oil ingredients were mentioned as important factors from the perspective of study subjects. They suggested that advertisements must be produced by experts in the field of edible oil. According to Nielsen’s Global Trust in Advertising report issued in 2012, 53 percent of consumers around the world say they don’t have trust advertisements on TV [43].
The use of social media is a cost-effective way of directly connecting with consumers daily. Social media can be used as a communication and marketing tool, and even for market research and consumer service purposes [44]. The data of this study confirm this fact because the most source of information of the participants was through it. We believe media, especially TV, can be important in creating social norms and promoting healthy eating practices. Much of the eating on TV programs is trivial and incidental, which is used for "stage business" that i.e., something to do with one's hands.
The primary responsibility of any organization is to gain knowledge about its consumers. In this way, marketers will be successful in fulfilling the needs and want of consumers and seek better opportunities in the market. However, producers, writers, and directors are in the business of delivering entertainment, and not with projecting health images. There is an opportunity to present health-promoting messages by having characters model good dietary practices. Health professionals should initiate and work with the TV industry to encourage the inclusion of healthy eating patterns in programming.
However, governments cannot place general restrictions on food advertising due to companies’ rights to commercial speech. Nevertheless, food advertising is monitored and regulated in some ways, and laws and legal mechanisms exist to protect consumers’ rights to misleading, confusing, and false advertising of food products. Therefore, it is necessary that advertisement companies use healthy and informative advertisements’ contents to increase community awareness and promote building consumers' trust.
The results of this study only explored the views of participants with various age and socio-economic groups that were exposed to TV edible oil advertisements in Tehran city. Other advertisements like newspapers, billboards, and social media platforms should be included in future studies. Moreover, the participants were selected only from the urban community and did not represent the rural areas. Further studies can focus on the views of health experts, health policymakers, and other stakeholders.
Based on the content analysis the most edible oil advertisements were related to frying oil brands, which may motivate women to eat more frying foods. Watching TV advertisements could increase their desire for fried foods and so change their diet habits. Advertising affects women's purchase behavior towards the consumption of edible oils more than the recommended limits. Advertising was the main factor affecting consumers’ edible oil purchases; so must be honest to win the trust of the consumers, and transparently reflect the ingredients of edible oil. It is recommended that policymakers should pass new laws for controlling the advertisements of unhealthy foodstuffs to prevent non-communicable diseases to lead community health.
The authors would like to appreciate the Research Council of National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for financial support. Thanks to Payesh Media Monitoring Company for data collection in the content analysis section. All stakeholders are appreciated for their valuable help in conducting this study.
All authors declared no personal or financial conflicts of interest.
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
