AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article
*Corresponding Author: Elizaveta I Bon, Candidate of biological science, Assistant professor of pathophysiology department named D. A. Maslakov, Grodno State Medical University; Grodno State Medical University 80 Gorky St,230009, Grodno, Belarus.
Citation: Dremza I.K, Maksimovich N.Ye, Bon E.I, Kokhan N.V, (2024), Compartmentalization of Mitochondrial Processes, J, Biotechnology and Bioprocessing, 5(2); DOI:10.31579/2766-2314/139
Copyright: © 2024, Elizaveta I Bon. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 04 January 2024 | Accepted: 18 January 2024 | Published: 06 February 2024
Keywords: regulation; mitochondrial respiration; compartmentalization
Compartmentalization is the division of eukaryotic cells into compartments (compartments), covered with a membrane of lipid bilayer, in which certain biochemical processes are localized. Most organelles in a eukaryotic cell are compartments-mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cell nucleus and Golgi apparatus. Within a number of compartments (including mitochondria), there are also sub compartments that differ in form and function. Inside compartments surrounded by a lipid bilayer, different pH values can exist and different enzymatic systems can function. The principle of compartmentalization allows a cell to perform different metabolic processes simultaneously. The mitochondrial matrix is a compartment bounded by the inner mitochondrial membrane. The word "matrix" comes from the fact that this environment is much more viscous compared to the more watery cytoplasm.
Compartmentalization is the division of eukaryotic cells into compartments (compartments), covered with a membrane of lipid bilayer, in which certain biochemical processes are localized. Most organelles in a eukaryotic cell are compartments-mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cell nucleus and Golgi apparatus. Within a number of compartments (including mitochondria), there are also sub compartments that differ in form and function. Inside compartments surrounded by a lipid bilayer, different pH values can exist and different enzymatic systems can function. The principle of compartmentalization allows a cell to perform different metabolic processes simultaneously. The mitochondrial matrix is a compartment bounded by the inner mitochondrial membrane. The word "matrix" comes from the fact that this environment is much more viscous compared to the more watery cytoplasm.
Very often, when describing metabolic cycles, we present them purely schematically, that is, we limit ourselves to only listing the precursors, intermediate products and final products of metabolism. Meanwhile, we now know well that multienzyme systems have the ability to self-regulate, which is the result of a specific organization of the sequence of reactions, specific properties of individual enzymes of the system, feedback mechanisms and compartmentalization [1].
Compartmentalization is the division of eukaryotic cells into compartments (compartments), covered with a membrane of lipid bilayer, in which certain biochemical processes are localized. Most organelles in a eukaryotic cell are compartments - mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cell nucleus and Golgi apparatus. Within a number of compartments (including mitochondria), there are also sub compartments that differ in form and function. Inside compartments surrounded by a lipid bilayer, different pH values can exist and different enzymatic systems can function. The principle of compartmentalization allows a cell to perform different metabolic processes simultaneously. The mitochondrial matrix is a compartment bounded by the inner mitochondrial membrane. The word "matrix" comes from the fact that this environment is much more viscous compared to the more watery cytoplasm. The matrix contains many substances, including enzymes, mitochondrial DNA (circular), ribosomes, small organic molecules, nucleotide coenzymes and inorganic ions. Matrix enzymes facilitate the reactions of biochemical processes that synthesize ATP, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate oxidation, and fatty acid beta-oxidation. The composition and structure of the matrix environment contribute to the optimal occurrence of reactions of the anabolic and catabolic pathways. The electron transport chain and enzymes in the matrix play a large role in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. In the tricarboxylic acid cycle, electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 molecules, which are subsequently transferred to the respiratory chain, where ATP is formed during oxidative phosphorylation reactions [1, 2, 3].
It is known that the inner membrane of mitochondria is impermeable to many specific substrates, intermediates, electron donors and acceptors. Therefore, on the one hand, these barriers may separate some extramitochondrial substrates from mitochondrial enzymes capable of oxidizing or reducing these substrates; on the other hand, they prevent the “leakage” of necessary cofactors and intermediate products from the intramitochondrial space [1, 4].
The most illustrative example of specific impermeability is the impermeability of the mitochondrial membrane to pyridine nucleotides. In 1951, Lehninger discovered that isolated rat liver mitochondria do not oxidize external, or added, NADH2, but have the ability to actively oxidize internal NADH2, which is formed during the reduction of intramitochondrial NAD by enzymes such as beta-hydroxybutyrate and malate dehydrogenase. It is now generally accepted that impermeability to extramitochondrial NAD is a property of almost all mitochondria. As will be shown below, it is this property that underlies important mechanisms for the regulation and integration of the relationship between mitochondria and the extramitochondrial cytoplasm. However, if isolated rat liver mitochondria are first exposed to a hypotonic environment, which increases the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane, then they acquire the ability to actively oxidize exogenous NADH2 [4, 5].
Intact mitochondria are impermeable not only to NADH2 and NAD, but also to oxidized forms of these coenzymes, at least under some conditions. This conclusion is confirmed not only by direct experiments with labeled pyridine nucleotides, but also by the data that some mitochondrial dehydrogenases associated with pyridine nucleotides are inaccessible to external nucleotides. For example, the reduction of exogenous NAD by exogenous substrates in the presence of intact mitochondria containing large amounts of substrate-specific dehydrogenases (beta-hydroxybutyrate, malate, and glutamate dehydrogenases) can be very slow compared to substrate oxidation by the respiratory chain involving endogenous NAD. If mitochondria are placed in a hypotonic environment, the rate of recovery of exogenous NAD increases sharply [5].
Some NAD-related dehydrogenases, such as glutamate dehydrogenase, are present in the mitochondrial matrix in a relatively soluble form; the mild effect of a hypotonic environment on mitochondria completely un masks the activity of such enzymes; alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, on the contrary, is more deeply “hidden” in mitochondria; therefore, more vigorous processing of mitochondria is required for the full activity of this enzyme in relation to exogenous NAD [1, 2].
Agents that cause mitochondrial swelling, such as phosphate, thyroxine and Ca++, increase the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane and cause the “leakage” of intramitochondrial pyridine nucleotides into the environment. Kaufman and Kaplan showed that only in the oxidized form NAD easily leaves the mitochondria, while the reduced form remains fixed on the mitochondrial structures. After the “leakage” of pyridine nucleotides, mitochondria regain the ability to bind them in the presence of ATP; the mechanism of this process remains completely unclear [2, 5, 6].
The mitochondrial membrane is also relatively impermeable to Krebs cycle substrates. For example, Peters and co-workers observed that in isolated kidney mitochondria, citrate generated from common precursors in Krebs cycle reactions was oxidized faster than added exogenous citrate. Indeed, isolated mitochondria have been shown to contain very high concentrations of citrate [5, 6, 7].
Probably the most convincing evidence of the relative impermeability of the mitochondrial membrane to Krebs cycle substrates was obtained in the experiments of Van den Bergh and Slater on the flight muscle of the housefly (this tissue is known to have a high rate of respiration). The mitochondria of this muscle very intensively oxidize pyruvate + malate (probably in the Krebs cycle), and this process is characterized by effective phosphorylation and a high coefficient of respiratory control. However, intermediate products of the Krebs cycle, such as succinate, α-ketoglutarate and isocitrate, are very weakly oxidized by intact flight muscle mitochondria when added to the incubation medium instead of pyruvate and malate. Ultrasound treatment of flight muscle mitochondria leads to a sharp increase in the intensity of oxidation of these substrates, apparently due to an increase in membrane permeability. Since the mitochondria of this tissue are characterized by perhaps the highest intensity of oxygen absorption of all mitochondrial preparations studied so far, it is obvious that the maintenance of a high intramitochondrial concentration of intermediate products of the Krebs cycle due to the impermeability of the membrane can be considered a manifestation of their functional adaptation [6, 7].
Mitochondria are also relatively impermeable to adenine nucleotides and phosphate. As is known, the rate of “renewal” of the terminal phosphate of endogenous ATP differs sharply from the rate of renewal of exogenous ATP. Sikiewitz and Potter proposed that internal ATP does not leave the mitochondria, but transfers its terminal phosphate group to external ADP with the participation of membrane-bound phosphate transporters, probably phosphotransferases such as adenylate kinase. It is this “compartmentalization” of ATP within the mitochondrion that Chance and Hess refer to when interpreting some of the problems associated with the integration of glycolysis and respiration [5–7].
There is now increasing evidence that intramitochondrial substances (for example, intramitochondrial NAD) are in turn also divided into two (or more) “funds”. Chappel's suggestion of such "funds" was mentioned above. It confirms old data about the existence of isolated NAD “pools” available for reduction with succinate or O-p-hydroxybutyrate. Structural isolation of mitochondrial substrates or NAD can be provided not only by an impermeable membrane (so to speak, at the macro level), but also due to the connection with the active site of specific mitochondrial enzymes, for example alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase [8].
A striking example of the interaction of different compartments (mitochondrion and cytoplasm is the presence of “shuttle mechanisms.” Thus, in the extramitochondrial cytoplasm, NAD is constantly restored by extramitochondrial dehydrogenases, for example, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the glycolytic cycle. Although the mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH2 itself, electrons from external NADH2 can react with the respiratory chain of mitochondria due to the existence of the so-called “shuttle systems.” The most well-studied shuttle system is the α-glycerophosphate-dihydroxyacetone phosphate system, which was first described in the laboratories of Bucher and Sacktor. The extramitochondrial cytoplasm of many cells, for example, the flight muscle of insects, contains a large amount of the amount of soluble a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase associated with NAD. In the presence of dioxyacetone phosphate, this enzyme catalyzes the reoxidation of NADH2 formed at the oxidative stage of the glycolytic cycle. The equilibrium of the second reaction is sharply shifted to the right due to the relatively positive redox potential of the a-glycerophosphate - dioxyacetone phosphate system. The reducing equivalents of external NAD-H2 are thus converted into reducing equivalents of the reaction product α-glycerophosphate. As it turned out, mitochondria also contain α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, which, unlike the extramitochondrial enzyme, is not associated with NAD, but probably with flavin and interacts directly with cytochrome b of the respiratory chain [3, 8].
External α-glycerophosphate, unlike NADH2, freely penetrates mitochondria and is quickly oxidized; the dihydroxyacetone phosphate formed in this case leaves the mitochondria and acquires the ability to accept electrons from the next molecule of extramitochondrial NAD H2. When electrons are transferred from intramitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase to oxygen, two phosphorylation reactions occur. Thus, the α-glycerophosphate–dihydroxyacetone phosphate system acts as a shuttle during the oxidation of exogenous NADH2 by the mitochondrial respiratory chain associated with energy accumulation [3].
The main function of mitochondria is the synthesis of ATP, the universal form of chemical energy in any living cell. As in prokaryotes, this molecule can be formed in two ways: as a result of substrate phosphorylation in the liquid phase (for example, during glycolysis) or in the process of membrane phosphorylation associated with the use of energy from a transmembrane electrochemical gradient of protons (hydrogen ions). At the same time, the uniqueness of mitochondria as energy-producing organelles of a eukaryotic cell is determined by the second pathway of ATP generation, called “chemiosmotic coupling.” Essentially, this is a sequential conversion of the chemical energy of reducing equivalents of NADH into an electrochemical proton gradient ΔμH+ on both sides of the inner mitochondrial membrane, which activates the membrane-bound ATP synthase and ends with the formation of a high-energy bond in the ATP molecule [5, 9].
In general, the entire process of energy production in mitochondria, due to the compartmentalization of processes, can be divided into four main stages, the first two of which occur in the matrix, and the last two on the mitochondrial cristae:
While still in the cytoplasm, in a series of 10 separate enzymatic reactions of glycolysis, a six-carbon molecule of glucose is partially oxidized to two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate to form two molecules of ATP. Pyruvate is then transported from the cytosol through the outer and inner membranes into the matrix, where it is initially decarboxylated and converted to acetyl-CoA. This process is catalyzed by a large pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, comparable in size to a ribosome, and consisting of three enzymes, five coenzymes and two regulatory proteins. Similarly, fatty acids obtained from the breakdown of insoluble triglycerides in the cytoplasm are transferred to the mitochondrial matrix in the form of acyl-CoA derivatives and undergo beta-oxidation to form acetyl-CoA, a substrate of the Krebs cycle [10].
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
