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Risks of Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of Psychotherapy Saint Petersburg, Russia

Research article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2642-973X/070

Risks of Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of Psychotherapy Saint Petersburg, Russia

  • V. Stepanenko 1*
  • D. Stepanenko 1

Research Center of Psychotherapy, Russia.

*Corresponding Author: V. Stepanenko, Research Center of Psychotherapy, Russia.

Citation: V. Stepanenko, D. Stepanenko, (2023), Risks of Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of Psychotherapy Saint Petersburg, Russia. J. Brain and Neurological Disorders. 6(5): DOI:10.31579/2642-973X/070

Copyright: © 2023, V. Stepanenko. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Received: 15 July 2023 | Accepted: 26 July 2023 | Published: 01 August 2023

Keywords: multiple sclerosis; cognitive abnormalities; radiologically isolated syndrome

Abstract

In recent years, in everyday clinical practice, more and more often in patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination with contrast enhancement of gadolinium of the brain and spinal cord, foci of demyelination that meet the criteria of dissemination in space are detected. In these patients, when studying the anamnesis, it is not possible to establish the presence of symptoms, neurological disorders characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, a radiologically isolated syndrome is recorded (FIG. The issue of prognostic markers of possible clinical manifestation of MS (if we consider RICE to be an early stage of MS) and the creation of an algorithm for their determination remains relevant. This strategy is very important to clarify the risks of developing a severe, disabling, currently incurable disease, as well as to resolve the issue of the timing of the appointment of pathogenetic treatment. Goal. To assess the risks of developing reliable MS in RIS based on the study of mental, including cognitive disorders.

Materials and methods

For 10 years, 25 patientswith RIS were observed in our centeraccording to the results of MRI diagnostics of the brain and spinal cord (cervical region) with gadolinium contrastenhancement (15 women, 10 men), they were included in the first observation group. The average age of the patients was 41±5.23 years. 25 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (12 women, 13 men), whose average age was 41±5.23 years, were included in the second observation group. The control group included 25 healthy individuals, comparable in gender and age. The following methods were used for the study: Spielberger – Khanin test, MFI- 20 Asthenia Scale (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), MS-FSS Fatigue Assessment Scale (Multiple Sclerosis – Fatigue Severity Scale), MMSE Cognitive Function Test (Mini Mental Scale Examination). The diagnosis of depression was established according to ICD-10, the severityof depression was assessed using the Beck scale. The quality of life was studied using the EuroQol-5D questionnaire (health-related quality of life). All patients underwent clinical and neurological examination, anamnesis was studied in detail. In 32% of cases, the conversion of RICE to MS occurred, these patients additionally underwent a retrospective assessment of the survey data to clarify risk factors. MRI examination of both the spinal cord and the brain with contrast enhancement (gadolinium) in T1, T2, FLAIR modes was carried out according to the standard technique on a Siemens high-field tomograph, the magnetic field power of 1.5 T. The degree of disability was not assessed by EDSS, since using this scale it is impossible to quantify accurately the level of mental disorders. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 6.0 program, correlation analysis was carried out using the nonparametric Spearman criterion. The threshold level of statistical significance was considered to be p<0>

The results of the study

 In patients with RIS with conversion to MS, compared with patients with CIS, a significantly higher level of anxiety of 45 points and higher (p<0>

Thus, the data obtained confirm the need to monitor and study mental, including cognitive disorders in patients with RIS, as possible risk factors for the conversion of RIS to MS.

References

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