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Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/IJBR-2021/046
1Laboratory of Applied Nanotechnology of Belousov
2Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine
3State Institution "Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine",
4Kharkov Regional Center of Blood Service
*Corresponding Author: Andrey Belousov, Laboratory of Applied Nanotechnology of Belousov, Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine
Citation: Andrey Belousov, Tetiana Kalynychenko, Elena Malygon, Militina Anoshyna, Maryna Yagovdik, Vadim Yavorskiy, Ekateryna Belousova. (2022) Research of Lipid Peroxidation after Administration of Nanomodified Resuspending Solution in Donor Red Blood Cells on During Their Storage. International J. of Biomed Research. 2(2): DOI: 10.31579/IJBR-2021/046
Copyright: ©2022, Andrey Belousov, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 29 September 2021 | Accepted: 20 November 2021 | Published: 05 January 2022
Keywords: nanomodified resuspending solution; oxidative homeostasis; peroxide resistance of red blood cells; components containing red blood cells; storage
The problem of increasing the functional activity preservation of red blood cells is priority for the Blood Service and clinical transfusiology. Taking into account the previously discovered unique properties of magnetite nanoparticles, namely: non-specific modulation of metabolic processes, strengthening of adaptive mechanisms of cellular organelles, acceleration of reparative processes at the level of membranes and macromolecules, for the first time an attempt was made to use the upgraded saline solution of sodium chloride (nanotechnologically upgraded solution - NUS) as a resuspending of erythrocyte-containing components (ECC).
Objective: to improve the preservation of red blood cells containing donor blood components using NUS for resuspending.
To achieve this goal, the first stage of the study examined the effect of a new resuspending solution (NUS) on lipoperoxidation, catalase activity, and red blood cell peroxidation resistance in donor blood components containing red blood cells.
Object of research: red blood cells from preservation blood of donors, which are intended for component transfusion therapy.
As a result of the study, the advantages of using NUS were established, namely: a significant decrease in the levels of primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products in the first 15 days of observation, an increase in catalase activity and resistance of red blood cells to peroxidation in the first stages of the study, inhibition of the shear reaction with neutral lipid peroxidation in the late stages of observation.
Extending the shelf life of blood taken from a donor is a problematic area in the field of industrial transfusiology, which is currently receiving great attention. The global trend towards an increase in the shortage of donor personnel encourages the development of new technologies to provide a reserve supply of donor blood in case of extreme situations, as well as the effective use of auto-blood blood for planned operations. Modernization of canning and storage technologies should allow for more free management of these resources. Thus, it was found that extending the shelf life of blood by 1 Week reduces the volume of collected blood by 3-8%, reduces its deficiency associated with the shelf life [1, 2]. In addition, it is known that the effectiveness of blood transfusion therapy largely depends on the use of effective hemoconservants and solutions for resuspending. Therefore, the problem of improving methods and means of preserving blood and its components does not lose its relevance.
One of the most important components preservation of blood is red blood cells, the transfusion of which ensures efficient transportation of oxygen in the patient's body. In this regard, it should be noted that substances that are introduced into preservative solutions allow maintaining the metabolism of red blood cells for a long time at a level close to the physiological norm. Additional solutions, depending on their purpose, serve as an additional support for the functional usefulness of blood cell components during storage and/or are used to bring the hematocrit of the transfusion medium to physiological parameters by resuspending cells. The point of developing new forms of resuspending solutions is to ensure long-term support of metabolic processes in cells at a level as close as possible to the physiological level. Therefore, improving the means of maintaining the functional activity of red blood cells during their storage is the primary task of industrial transfusiology and scientists working in the field of cell physiology.
Separately, it should be noted that in the last decade, with the emergence of a new promising direction of nanobiotechnologies, there has been a significant increase in both the production of nanomaterials and the expansion of their application areas. Studying the structures and functions of natural nanoconstructions that exist in a living cell is a necessary step for creating nanobiopreparations. As in the rest of the world, a number of medical nanotechnological products appeared in Ukraine at the end of the twentieth century (Andrey Belousov, 1998). Among them: the ICNB (nanobiocorrector for intravenous), the magnet-controlled sorbent (MCS-B brand), and the biologically active additive (Micromage-B brand) [3-7]. These drugs are based on magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) ranging in size from 6 to 12 nm, which are currently classified as priority artificial NPs for legitimate use [8-13]. An important advantage of this material is its highly specific (selective) sorption properties, which creates prerequisites for the occurrence of indirect sanogenetic effects during therapy.
So, the principle of therapeutic action of these nanotechnological drugs is the positive effect of the adsorption process and the constant magnetic field surrounding the magnetite NPs on cellular and subcellular structures, as well as in changing the orientation and mobility of hydrogen nuclear spins in the water molecule. The point of application is the surface proteins of cell membranes. Magnetite NPs alter the composition of protein molecules and the polarization structure of the cellular microenvironment, actively affecting the transport of substances into the cell [14-16]. A unique property of these drugs is non-specific modulation of metabolic processes. Thus, these NPs cause an increase in adaptive-adaptive potential mechanisms and capabilities of cellular organelles, accelerate reparative processes at the level of membranes and macromolecules [17, 18]. It was also found that these magnetite NPs act as a modulating factor for such phenomena as metabolic processes in white blood cells, the work of the enzyme link of the antioxidant system in red blood cells of healthy and sick people [19].
All of the above determined the purpose and objectives of this study, which is related to the development of new forms of resuspending solutions for red blood cells.
Objective: to improve the preservation of red blood cells containing components of donated blood using a nanotechnologically upgraded solution (NUS) for resuspending.
To achieve this goal, at the first stage of research, the effect of a new resuspending solution (NUS) on the indicators of oxidative homeostasis and peroxide resistance of red blood cells in red blood cell-containing components of donor blood was studied.
Object of Research: red blood cells from preservation of blood of donors (E, which are intended for component transfusion therapy.
The upgraded resuspending solution was obtained by treating saline sodium chloride with standardized magnetite nanoparticles (ICNB) using the Belousov's method [7] with complete removal of NPs from the solution. Magnetite NPs synthesized by co-precipitation method. Basic physical and chemical properties of ICNB:
- Concentration of the colloidal solution of magnetite NPs in physiology solution of NaCl is 0.0225%.
- Theoretical osmolality of colloid solution is 500 mosmol/l
- Size of magnetite nanoparticles is 6-12 nm;
- Total area of surface magnetite of nanoparticles Ss = 800-1200 m2/g;
- Magnetization of saturation Is = 2.15 кА/m;
- ζ - potential = - 19 mV.
Erythrocyte-containing components (ECC) obtained according to the standard method from the peripheral blood of adult healthy donors prepared on the preservative CPDA-1 were studied (n = 20, 160 studies). To study the effect of a nanotechnologically upgraded 0.9% NaCl solution, the component containing red blood cells was divided into 2 equal aliquots. Red blood cells from the first aliquot (A1) were resuspended in a modified saline solution of sodium chloride (a+). As a control, a second aliquot (A2) was used, in which a standard saline solution of sodium chloride (bK) was used to resuspend red blood cells. Resuspended red blood cells were stored under hypothermia (temperature 2-6 °C) and examined for 2, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 49-per day from the moment the beginning of blood preservation (then - sequentially stage I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII).
Evaluation of the activity of lipid peroxidation (POL) processes was carried out by the spectrophotometric method's Volchegorsky [20] in the modification [21], which makes it possible to differentiate the products of peroxidation of phospholipids (ph) extracted in the isopropanol phase and neutral lipids (n) extracted in the heptane phase. The optical density of each phase was measured on a Helios spectrophotometer at a wavelength of (l) = 220 nm, reflecting the content of isolated double bonds (IDB) in the extracted unsaturated fatty acid substrates. The concentration of diene conjugates (DC) was observed at l = 232 nm; triene conjugates (TC) – at IC = 268 nm oxidiene conjugates (ODC) - at l = 278 nm and end Schiff bases products (SB) - at l = 400 nm. The control was heptane I and the isopropanol phase of water. Catalase (AK) activity [22], glucose content [23], and levels of red blood cells resistance to peroxide (RBCR) were also determined [24].
Statistical verification of the obtained data was carried out using computer programs STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoft, USA) [25-27].
Table 1 shows data on indicators that had a statistically significant difference at the first stage of the study between the control and experimental groups.
Notes: M - the arithmetic mean; s - the root - mean - square (standard) deviation; m - the standard error of the arithmetic mean; CI - the confidence interval; me - the median; 25% and 75% are percentiles; CI - the confidence interval; CIll - the lower limit of CI; CIhl - the upper limit of CI; IDB DC, TC - respectively isolated double bonds, diene and triene conjugates in neutral lipid peroxidation (n) phospholipids (ph);); [1-8] - statistically significant difference in indicators between (a+) and (bC) groups.
The data in Table 1 show that after 24 hours of storage of erythrocyte-containing components (ECC) under hypothermia conditions in the samples of the experimental (a+) group, the concentrations of TCn and TCph were 1.3 times lower, and the values of AC and RBCR - were 4.3% and 5.4%, respectively, compared with similar values in the control (bC) group.
At the third stage of the study (two weeks of ECC storage), 5 lipoperoxidation indicators (POL) were detected, the level of which in the samples of the a+ group was statistically significantly lower than in the bC group (tabl. 2). The AC and RBCR indicators at the third stage did not differ statistically significantly between the groups.
Notes: M - the arithmetic mean; s - the root - mean - square (standard) deviation; m - the standard error of the arithmetic mean; CI - the confidence interval; me - the median; 25% and 75% are percentiles; CI - the confidence interval; CIll - the lower limit of CI; CIhl - the upper limit of CI; IDB DC, TC - respectively isolated double bonds, diene and triene conjugates in neutral lipid peroxidation (n) phospholipids (ph); [1-5] - statistically significant difference in indicators between (a+) and (bC) groups.
The data in Table 2 show that at Stage III of the study, according to the Student's t-test, the main group (a+) has a statistically lower level of DCph compared to the control (bC) group – by 1.6 times (P = 0.011354), TCph – by 1.4 (p = 0.015954) and ODCph – by 1.5 times (P = 0.012931).
Table 2 also shows that the processes of peroxidation of neutral lipids in the experimental group compared to the control group were 1.3 times lower, and the concentrations of DCn (P = 0.036659) and TCn - 2.2 times (P = 0.021825).
Subsequent storage of ECC (stages IV and V of the study) showed intergroup differences in the formation of lipid peroxidation end-products (tabl. 3, 4).
M - the arithmetic mean; s - the root - mean - square (standard) deviation; m - the standard error of the arithmetic mean; CI - the confidence interval; me - the median; 25% and 75% are percentiles; CI - the confidence interval; CIll - the lower limit of CI; CIhl - the upper limit of CI; SB, DC, TC - respectively isolated double bonds, diene and triene conjugates in neutral lipid peroxidation (n) phospholipids (ph); [1-3] - statistically significant difference in indicators between (a+) and (bC) groups.
Notes: M - arithmetic mean; s - root– mean – square (standard) deviation; m - standard error of the arithmetic mean; CI - confidence interval; II and III - respectively oxidation indices of secondary and final molecular products (II-according to the ODC/IDB ratio and III-SB/IDB) during peroxidation of neutral lipids (n) and phospholipids (ph); IDB, ODC, SB - respectively isolated double bonds, oxodiene conjugates and bases of Schiff products; [1-4] - statistically significant difference in lipoperoxidation rate between a+ and bC groups.
Tables 3, 4 show that at stages IV and V of the study, there is a statistically significant difference in the content of BSn, BSph, as well as in the oxidation rates of secondary (IIn – ODCn/IDBn ratio, IIph (ODCph/IDBph) and final (IIIn – BSn/IDBn ratio) molecular LPo products.
Further statistical analysis of the data (starting from Stage VI and ending with Stage VIII) did not reveal significant differences between POL, AC and RBCR indicators between the samples of the experimental and control groups.
Thus, the results of the conducted studies showed that the use of experimental NUS for resuspending improves the quality properties of preservation of blood by reducing the concentration of primary and secondary molecular products of POL during the first 15 days of canning in hypothermia. The applied solution significantly reduces formation bases of Schiff products at stages IV-V of the study and, as a result, reduces the concentration of POL final products. There was not statistically significant difference between the studied indicators between the experimental and control groups starting from Stage VI and up to Stage VIII inclusive. Statistically significant intergroup differences in AC and RBCR indicators were found only at the stage I. Changes in POL values correlate with the storage time of ECC samples.
It is known that the potential of nanoparticles for medical Biotechnologies lies primarily in their use as diagnostic tools, drug delivery, and therapy [28-30]. Modification of NPs surfaces significantly affects the physical, chemical, and biological nature of entire molecules in biological systems [31]. The main risk factor for the use of medical nanotechnologies is their possible toxicity, potential ability to damage biomembranes and affect the function of biomolecules, including cellular organelles. The mechanism of action of NPs is associated with the formation of free radicals in the presence of nanoobjects [32, 33]. The NUS used in this study does not contain magnetite NPs due to the use of a special technology for their pre-removal after exposure to solution molecules [7]. Based on the results of studies of the effect of two resuspending solutions on oxidative homeostasis indicators, it was found that at the first three stages (15 days of storage), the advantage was on the side of experimental NUS due to a statistically significant decrease in the level of primary and secondary POL products, including IDBn, DCn, TCn, IDBph, DCph, TCph, relative to the data recorded in the control group. In addition, the intergroup difference in the first stages of the study was confirmed by other methods (according to AC and RBCR data).
In addition, resuspending in NUS inhibited the shear reaction during neutral lipid peroxidation in the late stages of storage. Thus, there is a statistically significant intergroup difference in the SBn content (p = 0.012516 according to the Wilcoxon test) and the oxidation rates of secondary and final POL molecular products (respectively: ODCn/ IDBn ratio, p = 0.007112 and SBn/ IDBn, p = 0.000533 according to the Student's t-test). Such results were obtained due to the effect of NUS on the metabolism of red blood cells for resuspending when the structure of liquid medium molecules changes under the influence of NPs magnetite [34]. The NUS used in the study is as simple as possible in composition and, therefore, is available for technological reproduction in Blood Service Institutions. Due to the complete removal of NPs, the drug meets the requirements for such decisions by regulatory authorities.
The saline sodium chloride solution which nanotechnologically upgraded by standardized biocompatible forms of NPs magnetite, has a positive effect on the ECC of donor blood when used as a resuspending agent. The advantage of exposure to this solution was a decrease in the intensity of POL reactions, an increase in AC and RBCR on the first or second day after resuspending the erythrocytes were compared with a standard solution.
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I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. It was truly a rewarding experience to work with the journal “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. The peer review process was insightful and encouraging, helping us refine our work to a higher standard. The editorial office offered exceptional support with prompt and thoughtful communication. I highly value the journal’s role in promoting scientific advancement and am honored to be part of it. Best regards, Meng-Jou Lee, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital.
Dear Editorial Team, Journal-Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, “Publishing my article with Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions has been a highly positive experience. The peer-review process was rigorous yet supportive, offering valuable feedback that strengthened my work. The editorial team demonstrated exceptional professionalism, prompt communication, and a genuine commitment to maintaining the highest scientific standards. I am very pleased with the publication quality and proud to be associated with such a reputable journal.” Warm regards, Dr. Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews’, I appreciate the opportunity to publish my article with your journal. The editorial office provided clear communication during the submission and review process, and I found the overall experience professional and constructive. Best regards, Elena Salvatore.
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Herewith I confirm an optimal peer review process and a great support of the editorial office of the present journal
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. I am really grateful for the peers review; their feedback gave me the opportunity to reflect on the message and impact of my work and to ameliorate the article. The editors did a great job in addition by encouraging me to continue with the process of publishing.
Dear Cecilia Lilly, Editorial Coordinator, Endocrinology and Disorders, Thank you so much for your quick response regarding reviewing and all process till publishing our manuscript entitled: Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and its Associated Risk Factors Among Nile College Students, Sudan. Best regards, Dr Mamoun Magzoub.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is a high quality journal that has a clear and concise submission process. The peer review process was comprehensive and constructive. Support from the editorial office was excellent, since the administrative staff were responsive. The journal provides a fast and timely publication timeline.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, What distinguishes International Journal of Clinical Case Report and Review is not only the scientific rigor of its publications, but the intellectual climate in which research is evaluated. The submission process is refreshingly free of unnecessary formal barriers and bureaucratic rituals that often complicate academic publishing without adding real value. The peer-review system is demanding yet constructive, guided by genuine scientific dialogue rather than hierarchical or authoritarian attitudes. Reviewers act as collaborators in improving the manuscript, not as gatekeepers imposing arbitrary standards. This journal offers a rare balance: high methodological standards combined with a respectful, transparent, and supportive editorial approach. In an era where publishing can feel more burdensome than research itself, this platform restores the original purpose of peer review — to refine ideas, not to obstruct them Prof. Perlat Kapisyzi, FCCP PULMONOLOGIST AND THORACIC IMAGING.
Dear Grace Pierce, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews I appreciate the opportunity to review for Auctore Journal, as the overall editorial process was smooth, transparent and professionally managed. This journal maintains high scientific standards and ensures timely communications with authors, which is truly commendable. I would like to express my special thanks to editor Grace Pierce for his constant guidance, promt responses, and supportive coordination throughout the review process. I am also greatful to Eleanor Bailey from the finance department for her clear communication and efficient handling of all administrative matters. Overall, my experience with Auctore Journal has been highly positive and rewarding. Best regards, Sabita sinha
Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of the journal IJCCR, I write here a little on my experience as an author submitting to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews (IJCCR). This was my first submission to IJCCR and my manuscript was inherently an outsider’s effort. It attempted to broadly identify and then make some sense of life’s under-appreciated mysteries. I initially had responded to a request for possible submissions. I then contacted IJCCR with a tentative topic for a manuscript. They quickly got back with an approval for the submission, but with a particular requirement that it be medically relevant. I then put together a manuscript and submitted it. After the usual back-and-forth over forms and formality, the manuscript was sent off for reviews. Within 2 weeks I got back 4 reviews which were both helpful and also surprising. Surprising in that the topic was somewhat foreign to medical literature. My subsequent updates in response to the reviewer comments went smoothly and in short order I had a series of proofs to evaluate. All in all, the whole publication process seemed outstanding. It was both helpful in terms of the paper’s content and also in terms of its efficient and friendly communications. Thank you all very much. Sincerely, Ted Christopher, Rochester, NY.
