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Dr. Tazeen Khan
1
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Dr. Nina Navakumar
1*
1 Department of High risk pregnancy and Perinatology, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Nina Navakumar, Department of High risk pregnancy and Perinatology, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Citation: Dr. Navakumar N. (2022) Primary caesarean section rates. J. Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences; 6(3) DOI:10.31579/2578-8965/115
Copyright: © 2022, Dr. Nina Navakumar, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 31 January 2022 | Accepted: 10 February 2022 | Published: 01 March 2022
Keywords: caesarean; NFHS; AVB
Abstract
Rising rates of deliveries by cesarean Section (CS) have been a global concern for over the past few decades. CS delivery not only increases the risk of maternal mortality but also of maternal morbidity by several folds. Maternal concerns include wound site pain, prolonged hospital stay, increased use of antibiotics and analgesics.
Introduction:
Complications with cesarean deliveries range from hemorrhage, shock, need for transfusion, anesthetic complications, need for assisted ventilation, thromboembolism, major infections, multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) and cardiac arrest. When compared to vaginal delivery, cesarean section is associated with: Threefold increase in maternal morbidity (0.9 versus 2.7%) and Fourfold increase in maternal mortality (3 versus 13.3 per million) respectively [1].
In addition to above, there are social and emotional implications of caesarean birth like poor birth experience, late contact with the baby, non- establishment of breast feeding also several neonatal morbidities like respiratory problems, accidental surgical cuts etc can occur. It influences future operative deliveries and is associated with risk of placenta accreta spectrum [PAS] and hysterectomy as well. Caesarean deliveries require more human resources and also pose a higher financial burden [2] Most of these complications are more serious in resource-limited settings, reinforcing the restraint which should be used in deciding to perform CS [3].
World Health Organization (WHO) in 1985, in a meeting of a panel of Reproductive health experts in Fortaleza, Brazil, recommended that ideal caesarean rates should be between 10 and 15%. [4,5] Later in 2014, WHO concluded that 10-15
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