Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9759/028
*Corresponding Author: Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez, BP - A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo Rua Comandante Ismael Guilherme, SP, Brazil.
Citation: B M M Almeida, Carolina Q Cardoso, A L R Saldanha, M Scartezini, T L R Martinez, et al. (2021) Glycated Hemoglobin in the Pre and Diabetes Ranges as Related to Lipid Cardiovascular Risk. Cardiology Research and Reports. 3(3): DOI:10.31579/2692-9759/028
Copyright: © 2021 Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 26 July 2021 | Accepted: 13 August 2021 | Published: 17 August 2021
Keywords: glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose; cholesterol; triglycerides; hdl cholesterol
The concomitance of diabetes metabolic markers, as Glycated Hemoglobin and blood glucose, together with lipid changes; Cholesterol and fractions and Triglycerides, occurs very frequently but not always in the same pairs of markers, being its peculiarities important factors for the estimation of the cardiovascular risk. Not only has the association of high glucose levels and high triglycerides pointed to an augmented risk. The study of the correlations of the parameter Glycated Hemoglobin with all the values of the lipid profile may help gain a broader insight as to the associated risks. A database of 548 individuals with concomitant results of HbA1C, triglycerides, CT and HDL-c were applied statistical tests of ANOVA and Tukey. Most of the 546 individuals tested for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and lipid profile had HbA1C levels within normal range (49.8%), 15.4% were classified as prediabetic, and 34.8% had HbA1C levels above 6.4% (diabetics). The overall mean HbA1C observed was 6.3%, and triglycerides was 236.8 mg/dL. Data from HbA1C-lipid profile comparations are not superimposed, as expected, to the combinations of fasting glucose and triglycerides. In not accompanying lipids concomitantly with HbA1C, the correct assessment of the overall risk calculation for atherosclerosis can be omitted. In conclusion, HbA1C levels should be added to the lipid profile for a more accurate estimation of the cardiovascular risk.
There is a very frequent simultaneity of changes in blood glucose and triglycerides, however the same does not occur for Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C). The atherosclerotic disease prevention recommendations is that all multifactorial risk markers must be taken into consideration [1-6].
To evaluate the comparison of HbA1C data with those of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides and HDL cholesterol (HDL-c) collected simultaneously in a cohort large enough to point out the existence or not of significance.
A database of 548 individuals with concomitant results of HbA1C, triglycerides, CT and HDL-c were applied statistical tests of ANOVA and Tukey.
HbA1C: The HbA1C total blood measurement method, in the Hilab remote laboratory test (RLT), is a quantitative immunoassay based on the principle of sandwich binding with two antibodies. Cholesterol: colorimetric enzymatic method (RLT). HDL-c: by precipitation.
Triglycerides: Triglycerides are evaluated in reactive strip by colorimetric enzymatic reaction. The Hilab RLT uses reflectance photometry and the results can be evaluated between 120 and 400 mg/dL.
Most of the 546 individuals tested for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and lipid profile had HbA1C levels within normal range (49.8%), 15.4% were classified as prediabetic, and 34.8% had HbA1C levels above 6.4% (diabetics). The overall mean HbA1C observed was 6.3%, and triglycerides was 236.8 mg/dL (Table 1).
We found a significant difference in the mean triglycerides between those with levels below 5.7% and the other two categories (F2=17.04, p <0 xss=removed>6.4% p<0 F2=7.04, p=0.0010)>
Data from HbA1C-lipid profile comparations are not superimposed, as expected, to the combinations of fasting glucose and triglycerides. In not accompanying lipids concomitantly with HbA1C, the correct assessment of the overall risk calculation for atherosclerosis can be omitted.
Whenever possible, HbA1C assay should be should be interpreted together with the lipid profile for a more comprehensive assessment of the overall risk of the patient for atherosclerosis.
To Mr. Marcus Vinícius Mazega Figueredo, PhD in Information Technology, CEO at Hi Technologies SA, for providing the means for better understanding of the data obtained at the hospital regarding patients that were referred from all over the country.
Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports. My experience with the journal was highly positive. The peer-review process was rigorous, constructive, and completed in a timely manner. The reviewers provided valuable comments that helped improve the quality and clarity of our manuscript. The editorial office was professional, responsive, and supportive throughout all stages of the publication process. Communication was clear and efficient, and any questions were addressed promptly. Overall, I found the journal to maintain high scientific standards and an excellent publication workflow. I would be pleased to consider submitting future work to this journal. Best wishes from, Elena Popa.
It was my pleasure to submit my testimonial concerning the Reviewer Board of our Scientific Journal “Brain and Neurological Disorders”. The Reviewers focused on some modifications and their contribution was helpful. The ladies of our Editorial Office were also supported my efforts. It was my honor to have such a co-operation and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
Dear Grace Pierce, Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports, Thank you for the speedy and efficient peer review process. I appreciate the fact that your peer reviewers do not take months to respond like with some other journals. I would also like to thank the editorial office for responding quickly to my questions. It is an excellent journal. I plan to submit more manuscripts in the future. Best wishes from, Robert W. McGee
Dear Grace Pierce, Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports, Working with you and your team on our recent publication in JCRR has been a truly wonderful and enjoyable experience. The responses were prompt, and the reviewers were patient, constructive, and highly professional. One reviewer in particular gave me the feeling that a professor was carefully reading and commenting on my coursework, which was deeply touching. The entire process was straightforward and hassle‑free, with no tedious online forms to complete. I highly recommend this journal. Best wishes from, DR Aibing Rao, Head of R&D
I Appreciate the Opportunity to Share my Experience with the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. The peer review process was timely and constructive, and the feedback provided helped improve the quality of our manuscript. The editorial office was professional, responsive, and supportive throughout the process, ensuring smooth communication and efficient handling of the submission. Overall, it was a positive experience collaborating with your team.
Dear Mercy Grace, Editorial Coordinator of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, We would like to express our gratitude for your help at all stages of publishing and editing the article. The editors of the magazine answer all the necessary questions and help at every stage. We will definitely continue to cooperate and publish other works in the Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences! Best wishes from, Alla Konstantinovna Politova,
