AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/088
*Corresponding Author: Sara Safaeian Laein, Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Citation: B Hormozi, A Neamati, G S Layen, Ma H-T, S S Laein. (2021) Evaluating effects of electromagnetic fields on the total number and percentage of white blood cells in mice. Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics. 5(3); Doi: 10.31579/2640-1053/088
Copyright: © 2021 Sara Safaeian Laein, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 14 June 2021 | Accepted: 25 June 2021 | Published: 30 June 2021
Keywords: low frequency electromagnetic waves; mice; vitamin c; white blood cells
To evaluate the effects of electromagnetic waves on the total number and percentage of white blood cells and also antioxidant effects of vitamin C on the effects radiation, 24 male mice (Balb/c) were used: control under the influence of low frequency electromagnetic waves and under the influence of waves with vitamin C. Total number of white blood cells in under the influence waves group significantly increased compared to control group, and also under the influence waves group with vitamin C because its antioxidant property is able to prevent the increasing impact of electromagnetic waves. The percentage of white blood cells in the under influence waves group did not significantly change compared to the control group and also, the under influence waves group with vitamin C had no significant change compared to the other group. The percentage of neutrophils in samples of the under influence waves group had significant decrease compared to control group but in the under influence waves group with vitamin C compared to the other group, this vitamin C could prevent a significant reduction in percentage of neutrophils. Our findings indicated that low electromagnetic fields have caused significant changes in the total number of white blood cells and percentage of neutrophils in mice. In the group that received vitamin C injection, significant changes were observed in the total number of white blood cells and percentage of neutrophils relative to the group under the influence of low electromagnetic waves, which indicates that vitamin C could restore the mean total number of white blood cells and percentage of neutrophils to normal value.
The electromagnetic field is a field generated by accelerated electrically charged particles. In fact, the interaction of two perpendicular magnetic and magnetic fields creates an electromagnetic field. These two-dimensional waves are cross-flows, that is, the energy transfer is perpendicular to the oscillations. In fact, the electric fields created with different voltages and the magnetic fields it produces are called electromagnetic fields. The amount of electromagnetic radiation absorption and penetration depends on the frequency, type of radiation, and the type of tissue that absorbs it. Most of the radiation in our environment seems to be very low frequency electromagnetic radiation and very low frequency electromagnetic radiation that operates at a frequency range of 0 to 300 Hz, and its frequency is constant in everyday human life, in its rising now [1].White blood cells are made only of lymph nodes and thymus glands; these cells act as bodyguards against invasive external factors. If external bacteria find the skin through the tissues and cause infection, the white blood cells attack and try to encircle the attacker, resulting in a painful vomiting, but infection which usually occurs in this way is limited. If the infection is like an infection with influenza or a more severe disease, such as a common smallpox, the invasion may be successful soon, but these are white blood cells that overcome the virus and in our body permanent immunity against subsequent attacks of this particular factor is created. The white blood cells in the body make immunity, the red blood cells deliver oxygen and food to all the cells of the body, and the platelets prevent us from destroying our blood from bleeding caused by simple cuts [2-4]. The effect of very low frequency magnetic fields on the genome has been investigated in laboratory organisms and different results have been obtained. Some studies have reported increased damage to DNA in special circumstance [5]. But others have not confirmed such effects [6]. Most studies on lymphocytes, monocytes, and skeletal muscle cells do not show genetic effects. While some other studies on fibroblasts, melanocytes, and granulosa cells of rats have shown significant effects on electromagnetic fields of varying frequencies [7]. Diem, exposed the human fibroblasts to an alternating magnetic field of 1 mm Tesla, 50 Hz for 15 hours, has seen an increase in the fracture of DNA strands [8]. The results of some other studies indicate that a very low frequency magnetic field induces chromosomal damage of polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow in Balb/c mice and an increase in the incidence of micronucleus in neonatal neonates in native mice exposed to radiation during electromagnetic fields where the low frequency was located [9,10]. Many studies have been presented in connection with disturbances caused by electromagnetic waves such as sterility, unintended abortion of congenital defects, early maturity, and genetic diseases [11].
Electromagnetic waves device
The low electromagnetic wavelength generator consists of a pipe made of pvc diameter 35 and a length of 60 cm, with 1900 rounds of copper lacquered wires lacquered in three floors. This device can produce electromagnetic fields from 0.5 to 4 milliseconds at frequencies from 25 to 100 Hz. In this study, the field of electromagnetism was 4 mT and a frequency of 50 Hz.
Prepration of solutions
Turk's solution: 3 cc glacial acetic acid, blue violet methylene (small amount), and distilled water 97 cc.
Giemsa solution: 8 cc color Giemsa diluted with 100 cc of ordinary water.
Method for preparing vitamin C solution: Pour 250 ppm vitamin C tablets into the mortar and dissolve the obtained powder in 50cc sodium chloride injectable serum. The solution was kept far from any light and kept in the refrigerator.
Animal groups
Mice (Balb/c) were used in this study, male mice weigh 23-25 g were selected for experiments, in the animal room at a temperature of 21-23 °C, and a natural cycle of darkness (12 hours Day and 12 o'clock in the evening) and have enough water and food.
In this study, the samples were randomly divided into three groups.
Group 1: Controls maintained in normal conditions in the animal room. (n=8)
Group 2: Exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields (frequency of 50 Hz, intensity of 4 mT) (n=8)
Group 3: Exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields and vitamin C received that were injected intraperitoneally every one day with 0.5 cc of vitamin C. (n=8)
Blood sampling
After the test, the samples were anaesthetized with chloroform, and after opening the chest region, about 1 ml of blood was taken from the heart and poured into the CBC tube. Then, it was shifted in the form of 8 English to blend the blood inside the tube with EDTA to prevent clotting [12].
White Blood Cell Counting
Blot the EDTA blood sample for one minute and use the sucker to drain the blood to a grade of 0.5 ml and bring to a grade 11 degree of special diluent (thus dilution 1 to 20 of blood). After mixing it for 3 minutes, a drop of solution is poured onto a neobar slab and is counted with a 10-microscope lens. 4 squares for the white blood cell and multiply the number obtained by 50.
WBC smear
Blood samples are taken from a droplet with a hair follicle tube and placed on a slide by drawing a lamina on the lam, then blood cells are stabilized by adding methanol to the spread of blood. After drying, one milliliter of Giemsa paint was poured over it and after 15 minutes the lam was washed with flowing water and was thoroughly washed. When it dried, then a drop of impregnated oil was applied to a spray-coated stainless steel with a magnification of 100 microscopes. We start counting the types of white blood cells from a lame corner of the zigzag. By counting 100 RBCs and determining each of the types of RBCs in this 100, each of them is obtained.
Statistical calculations
For data analysis and statistical surveys, all data are shown as MEAN ± SEM. SPSS software was used for comparison between control group and experimental groups and Excel software was used for drawing graphs.
White Blood Cell (WBC)
The mean number of white blood cells in the control group was 6012.347 ± 222 and in the waves affected group 9392.85±505.73, there was a significant difference between the two groups (p˂0.05). The number of white blood cells in the waves affected with received vitamin C groups is 60.95 ± 12.96, which is significantly different from that of the affected group (p˂0.05).
Neutrophil
According to the results of this study, the mean blood neutrophil in the control group was 14.83 ± 1.81 and in the waves affected group was 10.14 ± 0.82, in which there was a significant difference between the two groups (P˂0.05). And in the waves affected group received vitamin C equal to 13.85 ± 0.26, there is a significant difference between this group and the group affected by the waves.
Lymphocyte
According to the results, the mean of blood lymphocytes in the control group was 77.12 ± 2.9 in the waves affected group, 81.8 ± 1.83. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The lymphocyte samples of waves affected with received vitamin C groups are 78.75 ± 1.20, which does not have a significant difference with the group affected by electromagnetic waves.
Monocyte
According to the results of this study, the mean blood monocyte in control samples was 6.25 ± 0.95 and in the waves affected group, it was 71.7 ± 1.32. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Monocytes under the influence of waves received vitamin C are 8 ± 0.65, which is not significantly different from that of the waves affected group.
Eosinophil
According to the results, the mean blood eosinophil level in the control group was 1.37 ± 1.41 and in the waves affected group was 1. 57 ± 0.12, which showed a significant difference between the two groups was not observed. And in the waves affected group received vitamin C equal to 1.5 ± 0.18, there is no significant difference between the group and the group affected by the waves.
Basophile
According to the results, the mean blood eosinophil level in the control group was 0.62 ± 0.26 and in the waves affected group was equal to 0.57 ± 0.20, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The basophile waves affected with received vitamin C equal to 0.37 ± 0.18, which is not significantly different from that of the affected group.
Several reports have been published on the effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields on biological systems and human health. Some observations indicate that electromagnetic waves affect living organisms and that the function of tissues and biochemical, biophysical and physiological processes such as leukemia, brain tumors, immune deficiency in DNA of somatic cells, and since damage can lead to grow cancer or death of the cell (apoptosis), and in the germ cells will lead to mutation and its subsequent transmission, investigating the effects of electromagnetic waves on the genetic content of cells is one of the important studies that has been noted in recent years. Many studies have shown that electromagnetic fields, by changing the function or function of cells, induce many responses in living organisms, including the effects on cell proliferation and differentiation cell, inducing the death of the program cell, intercellular communication impaired and deoxyribonucleic acid abortion, gene expression, increased degradation, production of free radicals and changes in DNA and antioxidant enzyme activity. Several studies have shown on human peripheral blood lymphocytes and mammalian cells. Electromagnetic waves produce oxidative stress and free oxygen radicals that cause body antioxidant defects and increase genotoxic effects, such as chromosomal and aneuploidy instability in DNA. Creating micronucleus is one of the symptoms of chromosomal damage that is used to identify chromosomal aberrations in short-term laboratory research [13].
Studies by Ivana et al in 2004 suggest that it may be possible to reduce the number of WBCs and their percentage to reduce the precursor cells in the bone marrow, which contradicts the results of this study [14-17]. In some studies, it was found that electromagnetic fields resulted in increase the number of WBCs and their percentage (lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils), with increase the total number of white blood cells consistent with the result of this research, but increase in the percentage of its types contradicts this research. Another study was conducted to investigate the effect of 940 MHz electromagnetic fields on the hematopoietic system of immature Balb/c mice. The evaluation of blood samples collected from laboratory and experimental samples showed that the mean number of white blood cells and its percentage (lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil) in the experimental group was not different from the control group (p˂0/05), which results in contrary to the results of this study, except for the percentage of monocytes, lymphocyte , basophil and eosinophil the percentages of which are consistent in both studies which are consistent with the Selmaoui report. He did not see any changes in the number of white blood cells and the percentage of monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, by exposing healthy young men to a 50 Hz magnetic field. Sommer also had no significant effect on the effects of electromagnetic fields emitted on the white blood cell count of AKR / J mice [18]. In another study, two control and experimental groups of adult and immature male rats were placed near the microwave device at a frequency of 2450 MHz The results of this study indicate that in the immature group most of the blood factors were affected by the effects of microwave waves, in this group the number of white blood cells and the percentage of lymphocytes decreased, which contradicted the results of this study. However, the percentage of eosinophils, basophil, neutrophils and monocytes in both adult and immature groups in the waves affected group did not significantly change compared to control which is consistent with the results of this research. Except for neutrophil percentages which contradict the results of both studies. But in the adult group, changes in the mean number and percentage of white blood cells were not significant [19]. While the results of Trosic and et al in 2004 regarding the effect of waves on the number and percentage of white blood cells are consistent with the results of the adult group, they contradict the results in the immature group. The difference in the effects of these waves on blood factors can be related to the age of the exposed person, the frequency of the waves, and the distance from the source of the wave production. In this study, microwave waves can change most of the blood factors studied in immature mice. This effect can be due to the direct effect of the waves on the bone marrow cells or the effect of these waves on the cells in the peripheral blood. The effect of these waves on mice was weaker [20]. Sert and et al in 2000 reported that low-frequency waves had an effect on the immunological and hematologic factors of the electric power plant workers exposed to electromagnetic waves produced from low frequency 50 Hz power lines. Such as the number of white blood cells and the percentage of its type, which is the result of the total number of white blood cells and its neutrophil fraction contradicts the results of this study. But the results of the percentage of other types of white blood cells are consistent with this research [21].
In this study, the number of white blood cells in the samples of the affected group was significantly higher than the control group. The percentage of lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil cells was not significantly different from the control group, but the neutrophils of the group underwent a significant decrease compared to the control group. The total number of white blood cells in the group under the influence of electromagnetic waves receiving the vitamin C was significantly different from that of the group affected by the waves, and vitamin C has been partially able to prevent the increase of white blood cells. Because of its antioxidant properties, vitamin C is involved with free radicals and prevents their destructive effects. Percentage of lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil and eosinophil cells in the group under the influence of electromagnetic waves receiving the vitamin C did not change significantly compared to the group affected by waves, but the percentage of neutrophil cells in this group had a significant decrease compared to the group affected by waves and vitamin C has somewhat prevented the percentage of these cells from falling.
This article is extracted from Ms.Bahareh Hormozi’s Msc thesis, which was conducted at Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch. The researchers need to thank the university authorities and staff of the department of biology, who have made this research happen.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors have not declared potential conflicts of interest with respect to the Declaration of Conflicting Interests.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
