AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-7247/041
1 Assistant, Department of infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Infectious Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Infection Control Supervisor, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Amin Bojdy, Assistant Professor, Infectious Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Citation: Yeganeh Ahrari, Amin Bojdy, Mona Najafi, Mahnaz Arian, Nasrin khosravi Zeenyani (2022) Epidemiology and Outcome of Candidemia in ICU, Mashhad, a 6-Year Multi-Center Study. J. Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research, 5(2); DOI:10.31579/2693-7247/041
Copyright: © 2022 Amin Bojdy, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 22 November 2021 | Accepted: 10 December 2021 | Published: 05 January 2022
Keywords: drug discovery; therapeutic drug; COVID-19
Background and aim: candidemia is a state that usually happens in immunocompromised patients. Thus it is more prevalent in ICU patients. This status brings mortality and morbidity; however, the outcome is various in different ICU care settings. The aim of this study is to assess epidemiology of outcome of candidemia in ICU in Mashhad during a 6-year period.
Method: in a cross-sectional study between 2012 and 2018 in different ICU centers affiliating with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, data of candidemia patients were extracted from hospital information system. These data were demographic, past medical history, result of the culture, and antifungal treatment.
Result: totally, 55 patients (22 men and 33 women) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 45.9±1.9 years. Furthermore, the mean duration of hospitalization and the mean duration of ICU care were 43 and 37 days, respectively. Five patients had a history of immunosuppressive treatment and four patients were prescribed antifungal treatment in their past medical history (all with fluconazole and none with Itraconazole). Eighteen patients received caspofungin, eleven Amphotericin B treatment, and two fluconazole with no significant difference in outcome of the patients regarding antifungal type. In case of coincident antibiotic treatment, Carbapenems were prescribed in 43 patients, Glycopeptides in 48 patients, 25 patients had Cephalosporin treatment, and 13 patients had Fluoroquinolone treatment with no significant difference regarding the antibiotic type.
Conclusion: The mortality percent of candidemia in ICU was 69.1 within mean time of 37 days. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in outcome of the patients regarding using Caspofungin or Amphotericin. Timely initiation of antifungal regarding to the culture result may bring better outcomes.
Candida family is a vast group of molds presenting in many surfaces especially as a saprophyte yeast [1]. This fungus is present in many parts of the human body, especially mucosal surfaces and as a commensal microbiota can adapt environmental changes [2]. These predisposing factors may be immunocompromising conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, using immunosuppressive treatments, and chemotherapy, or presence of some chronic diseases such as diabetes, hematologic malignancies, end stage renal disease, liver disease, and etc [3, 4].
However, candidiasis mainly is caused by C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei [5]. Among several candida species C. albicans is the major pathologic specie that is responsible for 46.3% of cases. In the second step C. glabrata stands with 24.4% of the found species in cultures [6]. The morbidity and mortality of the candidiasis mostly depends on the immunity response of the host, virulence of the candida specie and strain, and anatomical site of infection [7, 8].
The invasive infestation of candida as blood borne disease is called candidemia. This condition brings 20% to 40% mortality rate [9]. The estimated financial cost at an episode of hospitalization due to candidemia is around $25,000–$55,000 in US [10]. In Iran, it is reported that 70.4% of invasive fungal infections are due to the infestation of candida [11]; however, lack of sufficient epidemiologic data is sensed through literature review [12]. The aim of our study is to assess epidemiology and outcome of candidemia in an intensive care unit in Ghaem and Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, between 2012 and 2018.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in Emam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals, which are educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical sciences, between 2012 and 2018. Presuming that a vast number of candidemia cases are found in intensive care units (ICUs), this study was conducted on ICU patients. First of all, Candidemic patients, those who had positive blood culture for candida, were extracted from hospital information system (HIS) using the medical records of the ICU patients in this data base. Total steps of the study was in line with the Helsinki ethics declaration and ethics committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences approved all the ethical points in our study.
Totally, 55 patients were included in the study consisting of 22 men (40%) and 33 women (60%). The mean age of the patients was 45.9±1.9 years. The mean duration of hospitalization in total was 43 days and the mean duration of ICU admission was 37 days. Fourteen patients had diabetes, 6 suffered from end stage-renal disease, 27 had cardiovascular disease, 4 had a history of surgery, and one patient had underwent organ transplantation. None of the patients had a history of liver disease, hematologic malignancy, and chemotherapy. Five patients had a history of immunosuppressive treatment. Four patients had a history of antifungal treatment and all of them had a history of previous fluconazole therapy, and none of them have taken Itraconazole.
24 patients (43.6%) received no antifungal treatment. 11 patients had no antifungal treatment and 13 were expired before receiving antifungal treatment. In case of antifungal treatment in ICU admission, 18 patients (32.7%) were prescribed caspofungin, 11 (20.0%) had Amphotericin B treatment, and 2 (3.6%) had fluconazole treatment. Data regarding coincident antibiotic treatment showed that Carbapenems were prescribed in 43 patients (78.2%), Glycopeptides in 48 patients (87.3%), 25 patients (45.5%) had Cephalosporin treatment, and 13 patients (23.6%) had Fluoroquinolone treatment. Antifungal treatment was initiated in 15 cases (27.3%) before a period of two weeks, in 8 cases (14.5%) within two weeks, and in seven cases (12.7%) in a timing of more than two weeks. Seventeen cases expired in a period of less than one week and 19 (34.5%) patients expired in a timing of more than one week from the positive blood culture for candida. Other body fluid culture was negative in 63.6% of the patients. Nineteen patients (34.5%) had a urinary culture of candida and only one case (1.8%) had a peritoneal fluid positive for candida. Five patients (9.1%) also had received prednisolone (Table 1). All of the patients had urinary catheter with a mean duration of 33.7 days. Also, 46 patients had CV line with a median duration of 22 days.
Most of the patients (23 cases or 41.8%) received treatment during the first 48 hours after the presence of positive blood culture. The outcome of the patients showed that 17 patients (30.9%) were alive at the end of study and 38 patients (69.1%) were dead (table 2). There were no significant difference in outcome of the patients regarding using Carbapenem (p=0.227), Glycopeptide (0.999), Cephalosporin (p=0.562), or Fluoroquinolone (p=0.500). 29.4% of the patients who received Caspofungin, were alive, 63.6% of those who received Amphotericin, and 33.3% of the patients who received Fluconazole were alive. There was no significant difference regarding the outcome of Caspofungin and Amphotericin (p=0.074). Table 2 shows the details of the above mentioned. 51 patients (92.7%) received wide spectrum antibiotic therapy.
*Fisher’s exact test; **chi-square test
Table 3 also shows the distribution of the patients’ outcome regarding the timing of the initiation of anti-fungal therapy. 40 percent of the patients who had a negative blood culture for candida in less than two weeks were alive, however, this was 71.4 percent in patients with a period more than two weeks. It has also been shown that 66.7% of the patients who received antifungal treatment immediately after presence of positive blood culture were alive. Only 2 cases (16.7%) of the patients who received no treatment were alive.
Yapar et al. [13] conducted a similar study on the incidence risk factors and outcome of the candidemia in patients in ICU and compared it with those ICU patients without candidemia. They reported an incidence of 12.3 per 1000 admissions in ICU. In our study also, 83.6 percent of the patients had central venous catheter. It seems that catheterization may be a risk factor for candidemia. Our study showed no difference in the outcome of the patients recieving Carbapenems, Glycopeptide, Cephalosporins, or Fluoroquinolones antibiotic classes. They reported a crude mortality rate of 43.9 percent at 30 days ICU residency. In our study with a mean ICU stay of 37 days, 69.1 percent of patients were expired. Literature review of the studies supported that about one third of candidemic cases happen in medical or surgical intensive care units and a mortality rate around 50 to 60 percent is expected for these patients [14-16]. These statistics are similar to our findings; however, mortality was slightly higher in our study.
The other point of our study was that we found no significant difference regarding using caspofungin or amphotericin as the treatment with better outcome in patients’ survival. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis out of eight relevant articles revealed no difference between echinocandins, voriconazole, or amphotericin B formulations as the first choice treatment and the regarding outcome of the critically ill patients [17]. Other studies on ICU patients reported no difference regarding the choice of antifungal treatment and the outcome of the patients. Garnacho-Montero et al. [18] in a Spanish retrospective study reported that the mortality rate was 37.4% in ICU patients who were treated with fluconazole and 31.9% in ICU patients under echinocandin treatment and this difference was not significant. Nagy et al. [19] in another study in ICU patients reported that treatment with fluconazole is not inferior than caspofungin, micafungin or amphotericin B in the outcome of candidemia patients. Mora-Durate et al. [20] also reported that caspofungin is at least as effective as amphotericin B for the treatment of invasive candidiasis and, more specifically, candidemia. It seems that the main predisposing factor for candidemia is the virulence of candida specie [21].
However, the main limit of the studies in the case of candidemia, especially those in intensive care units, is that the number of candidemia cases are few. Our study also had a total number of 55 candidemia cases and we tried to reach this sample size by adding two tertiary health centers to our study sample. It seems that the studies in case of candidemia should be done multi-centric. The larger sample size can overcome the limits in analyses. Putting this shortcoming away, our study was among the few studies in candidemia in ICU and especially in Iran. This can further help researchers to complete the gap in the data regarding candidemia in ICU.
Our study showed that 69.1 percent of the cases expired within a mean ICU stay of 37 days. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in outcome of the patients regarding using Caspofungin or Amphotericin. Our results also showed that timely initiation of antifungal regarding to the culture result may bring better outcomes as 66.7% of the patients who received antifungal immediately after a positive blood culture of candida survived.
The authors wish to express their appreciation for the financial support of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and We would like to thank the clinical research development unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, for their assistance in this manuscript.
Authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
