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Mini Review | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/127
*Corresponding Author: Abdel-Fattah HMM, Neuropsychiatry Specialist, Abbassia Psychiatric Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
Citation: Abdel-Fattah HMM, (2020) Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Stability in Crises. J. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. 6(4); DOI:10.31579/2578-8868/127
Copyright: © 2020 Abdel-Fattah HMM, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Received: 23 April 2020 | Accepted: 27 June 2020 | Published: 15 July 2020
Keywords:
The current study is aimed at putting the light on the role of emotional intelligence and emotional stability on confronting crises in general and the existing crisis of COVID-19 which has global impact till the present moment.
Data were collected from different sources particularly the recent international scientific issues and publications as Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as well as the current national issues. Data revealed that there is lack of awareness regarding the existing pandemic of corona virus (COVID-19) which requires clearance of the correlation between the physical and psychological impact on the human being all over the world. Also to clarify the importance of the emotional intelligence and emotional stability in confronting the existing fear and anxiety caused by corona virus.
Finally there are certain recommendations could be taken in consideration to relieve panic and anxiety among the people facing the stress of mixed symptoms and signs of corona virus and how to deal with this crisis.
Introduction
In light of the sudden and global spread of a catastrophe like the Corona virus (COVID-19) which affected millions of lives worldwide, not only physically but also emotionally in the form of panic attacks, obsessional behavior, anxiety, and fear. Malbehavior has been appeared such as selfishness and storing goods which affected social cohesion and national income.
Through our duty in the field of psychiatry towards humanity, we bear a great responsibility on us to confront such crises, in which we wish to help the largest number of people at the world level. At this time, inaccurate information is a serious danger, whether in the psychological aspect or the organic side, and a lot of people around the world have their medical information through social media and not the approved medical sites. Therefore, it is necessary to differentiate between health information and rumors as well. Also it is important to clarify the concept and acquisition of emotional intelligence and emotional stability in the face of crises.
What is Emotional Intelligence?
Drawing from several different sources, a simple definition of emotional intelligence (EI) describes an ability to monitor your own emotions as well as the emotions of others, to distinguish between and label different emotions correctly, and to use emotional information to guide your thinking and behavior and influence that of others (Salovey and Mayer, 1990 and Goleman, 1995).
Emotional intelligence is what we use when we empathize with our coworkers, have deep conversations about our relationships with significant others, and attempt to manage an unruly or distraught child. It allows us to connect with others, understand ourselves better, and live a more authentic, healthy, and happy life.
The five Elements of the EI Model:
According to Goleman (1995), there are five components or elements of emotional intelligence:
Self-awareness can be defined as the ability to recognize and understand your own emotions. It is the foundational building block of emotional intelligence since regulating ourselves, having empathy for others; and so on all rely on identifying and understanding emotion in us.
Self-regulation is one step further—to have high EI, we must not only be able to recognize our own emotions, but we must also be able to appropriately express, regulate, and manage them.
People who have high EI also generally possess more intrinsic motivation. In other words, people high in EI are motivated for internal reasons rather than external rewards like gaining wealth, respect, or fame. Those with high EIs are motivated for their own personal reasons and work toward their own goals.
Empathy can be defined as the ability to understand how other people are feeling and recognize, on an intimate level, how you would feel if you were in their position. It does not mean you sympathize with, validate, or accept their behavior just that you can see things from their perspective and feel what they feel.
Finally, social skills are what allow people to interact socially with one another and to successfully navigate social situations. Those with high EI generally have higher-than-average social skills and are able to effectively pursue their goals and get the outcomes they want when interacting with others (Salovey and Mayer, 1990).
Emotional Intelligence Affects Decision-Making:
Related to the previous point, high emotional intelligence will also improve decision-making abilities. Those who have a good understanding of themselves and those around them are more likely to weigh all the options, keep an open mind, and remove all irrelevant emotions from the decision-making process.
Emotional Intelligence and Communication:
To expand a bit on the previous section, emotional intelligence is closely related to communication skills; people with high EIs tend to be proficient in their communication abilities.
Building Resilience with Emotional Intelligence:
Finally, another important reason to pay attention to emotional intelligence is how it affects one’s resilience. People who are high in EI are also generally able to pick themselves up when they fall.
In fact, emotional intelligence is considered by some to be a direct source of resilience. It was found that emotional intelligence is directly related to resilience and, through that connection, it’s related to achievement and achievement motivation.
Concept of Emotional Stability (ES):
Emotional stability is the capacity to maintain ones emotional balance under stressful circumstances. It is the opposite of emotional instability and neuroticism.
Emotionally stable persons tolerate minor stresses and strains of day to day living without becoming emotionally upset, anxious, nervous, tense, or angry. They are able to maintain composure under minor emotional stress. They are fairly constant in their basic mood, and they generally revert quickly to that state following those occasions when they have experienced considerable stress or have been exceptionally provoked. The unstable person, on the other hand, is subject to fairly wide, frequent, and often unpredictable mood shifts that may swing from pole to pole.
Emotional stability enables the person to develop an integrated and balanced way of perceiving the problems of life. This organizational ability and structured perception helps one to develop reality-oriented thinking, judgment and evaluation ability. One develops feelings, perceptions and attitudes that help in understanding the realities of life and conditions and circumstances that create miserable situations in life. Such understanding helps one promote high ego strength.
This balance is playing a role in several natures and emotions, like pessimism/optimism, anxiety/calmness, aggression/tolerance, dependence/autonomy, emotion/logic, apathy/empathy.
Are Emotionally Intelligent People More Emotionally Stable?
The answer was yes as Mood variability and instability were found to be very closely related to each other, measuring essentially the same construct. Inertia is relatively independent. It's was not related to mean mood scores which contradicts the results of other studies and can be explained by the use of the experience sampling procedure. It's was positively related to the inertia of a positive mood with high arousal and a negative mood with low arousal. In addition, a negative relationship between EI and the instability of tension was found. Most of the correlations were low. Further studies with higher statistical power are needed for more decisive conclusions (Emmerling et al, 2008).
Emotional Intelligence and Stability in the Face of COVID-19:
COVID-19 is an infectious condition, which means it can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. It is caused by the newly discovered coronavirus, called as novel coronavirus, first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The lack of verified facts and floating rumors are to be blamed for the so much panic.
People are not only physically vulnerable to crises, but psychologically vulnerable too. Every major incident will have mental health consequences for some of those involved. It has been estimated that up to 80% of those affected by a crises will have short-term mild distress, 20–40% a psychological disorder in the medium term, and up to 5% may be left with a long-term problem. Fortunately, the majority of those affected will recover without professional intervention (Greaves and Hunt, 2017).
No one knows what lasting effect the coronavirus will have on the economy, whether it will subside or keep spreading and force more areas. This disruption is testing everyone’s emotional and intelligence and emotional stability. Those who survive are not the strongest or the most intelligent, but the most adaptable to change.
It’s the responsibility of leaders to show empathy, unprecedented optimism, and flexibility that will lead the people out of this crisis. It may all come down their ability to self-direct and problem-solve on a regular basis.
The outbreak of COVID-19 may be stressful for people. Fear and anxiety about a disease can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children. Coping with stress will make the people and the community stronger. People who may respond more strongly to the stress of the crisis include:
Stress during an infectious disease outbreak like COVID-19 can include:
People with preexisting mental health conditions should continue with their treatment and be aware of new or worsening symptoms. Taking care of oneself, his friends, and family can help him cope with stress. Helping others cope with their stress can also make the community stronger (CDC 2020).
While this crisis might blow over, it probably won’t happen in the next few weeks, it is required to develop the emotional intelligence skills. How to create a level of respect and calm for self and others:
Being able to see the light at the end of the tunnel during a crisis is a key skill that leaders must have to navigate those times. Resilience in the face of a crisis, particularly if others around them are faltering, is one of the most important attributes.
By taking responsibility of the mindset, to be optimistic and find solutions, leaders are helping themselves and others. This is a human and emotionally intelligent thing to do.
Sharing the facts about COVID-19 and understanding the actual risk to oneself and people he cares about can make an outbreak less stressful. On sharing accurate information about COVID-19 it can help making people feel less stressed and allow connection with them.
Recommendations
Finely Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Stability skills are the main core in dealing with human crises.
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