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Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2642-973X/142
*Corresponding Author: Chur Chin, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Life Hospital, Bokhyundong, Bukgu, Daegu, Korea.
Citation: Chur Chin, (2025), Electron-Positron Spin Entangled Qubit Pairs Embedded in DNA Bases as a Platform for Hybrid Quantum–Biological Computation, J. Brain and Neurological Disorders, 8(2): DOI:10.31579/2642-973X/142
Copyright: © 2025, Chur Chin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 23 May 2025 | Accepted: 02 June 2025 | Published: 09 June 2025
Keywords: electron–positron pair; spin entanglement; DNA computing; chirality; CISS effect; quantum information; B–Z DNA transition; annihilation readout; hybrid bio-quantum logic
We propose a novel theoretical framework for a hybrid DNA–quantum computing system based on electron–positron spin-entangled pairs embedded within the chiral architecture of DNA molecules. Utilizing the spin-1/2 nature of both particles, this two-qubit entanglement structure interfaces with the quantum chiral environment of DNA, enabling controlled spin interactions, photonic readout via annihilation, and logic gate operations induced by chirality shifts (e.g., B–Z DNA transitions). This model integrates concepts from chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS), quantum entanglement, and DNA computing, offering a pathway toward bio-quantum logic gates, memory, and information transmission. We discuss potential mechanisms for initialization, operation, and measurement, supported by over twenty relevant studies across quantum physics, spintronics, and molecular biology.
Quantum computation has achieved significant milestones in recent years, yet remains constrained by coherence times, scalability, and environmental fragility [1,2]. Meanwhile, DNA-based computing has evolved as a powerful paradigm for information storage and molecular logic processing [3,4]. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism that unites these approaches: a two-qubit quantum system formed by a spin-entangled electron–positron pair embedded in the quantum-chiral environment of a DNA base.
The chiral double-helix of DNA has been demonstrated to exhibit the CISS effect [5], preferentially transporting electrons of a certain spin. We hypothesize that embedding a spin-entangled pair (e.g., from positron injection or beta decay processes) into or near a DNA base can induce spin-dependent quantum effects, enabling spin filtering, entanglement preservation, and logic gate manipulation [6,7].
1. Quantum States in Electron–Positron Pairs
Electron–positron pairs form entangled systems described by Bell states [8]. These include the singlet state, which is particularly stable and ideal for quantum operations [9]. Upon annihilation, such pairs emit photons whose polarization and timing can encode quantum information [10]. In a DNA base context, this photonic emission could serve as a readout mechanism, with spin alignment influenced by local chirality [11,12].
2. DNA Chirality and Quantum Gate Control
DNA exhibits distinct forms such as right-handed B-DNA and left-handed Z-DNA [13]. These structural shifts alter the spatial and electronic environment, potentially influencing embedded spin states via spin–orbit coupling [14,15]. Recent studies show that chirality can modulate the behavior of quantum dots, photons, and spin currents [16,17]. Thus, a B–Z transition induced thermally, chemically, or electrically could act as a switchable quantum logic gate [18].
3. Spin-Selective Transport in DNA
Experimental evidence confirms spin-polarized current transport along DNA strands [19]. The CISS effect arises from helical-induced electric fields interacting with spin states, which could preserve coherence or enable spin-selective operations in electron–positron systems [20,21]. Embedding positron sources near DNA strands could initialize such systems, while electron trapping regions (e.g., guanine-rich areas) could stabilize spin pairs [22].
4. Qubit Initialization and Readout via Annihilation
Electron–positron annihilation typically results in the emission of two 511 keV photons in opposite directions [23]. These photons can carry information about the spin state of the annihilating pair. If the annihilation occurs within a chiral molecular context, photon polarization or energy shift may vary [24], enabling state readout analogous to quantum measurement [25]. Furthermore, positron lifetime spectroscopy has revealed that DNA density and hydration significantly influence positronium behavior [26].
5. Quantum Logic Operations Through Chirality
We propose that B–Z transitions in DNA act as conditional logic gates for the spin-entangled pair. For instance, under right-handed B-DNA, an entangled state might remain unchanged; under Z-DNA, spin–orbit coupling could flip one spin state, implementing a controlled-NOT or phase gate [27,28]. This mechanism integrates biologically reversible structure with quantum logic control.
1. DNA Sequence Design
Objective:
Sketch: DNA Sequence and Functional Sites
5' - [Anchor Site] - [Regular B-DNA sequence (~250 bp)] - [Modified Bases Cluster] - [Anchor Site] - 3'
| | |
| | |
Electrode 1 Quantum Manipulation Electrode 2
|
Electron Injection Positron Injection
↑
Spin Polarization by CISS
↓
[Quantum Manipulation Site (modified bases cluster)]
↑
Local Microwave / Magnetic Field Control
↓
[Spin Readout via Spin-Resolved Tunneling / Photon Detection]
Details:
Electrodes 1 & 2:
Electron + Positron Sources:
Quantum Manipulation Site:
Spin Readout:
| Component | Description |
| Plasmid length | ~300 bp circular DNA |
| Anchor sequences | GC-rich regions for electrode attachment |
| Modified bases cluster | Spin-active molecules for manipulation |
| Electrodes | Gold nanoelectrodes with thiol linkers |
| Spin encoding | Electron (spin-up) & positron (spin-down) |
| Qubit control | Local microwave/magnetic fields via nano-antennas |
| Qubit readout | Spin-polarized current and annihilation photons |
Table 1: The conceptual design for your tiniest plasmid DNA quantum computer with spin control by chirality and electron + positron qubits.
6. Potential Applications and Future Directions
This DNA-
quantum computing model could yield nanoscale hybrid logic gates, entangled memory elements, and spin-selective filters for quantum information. Integration with graphene-based DNA sensors [29], artificial plasmids [30], and photonic crystals [31] may enhance coherence and control. Potential applications include in vivo quantum diagnostics, biological quantum memory, and entanglement-based biosensing [32–35].
We have outlined a novel concept: embedding spin-entangled electron–positron pairs in DNA to form bio-quantum qubits, where DNA chirality acts as both a gate and filter for quantum information. By bridging molecular biology and quantum spin dynamics, this framework opens possibilities for hybrid quantum logic embedded in living systems.
7. Miniaturized Brain Interfaces for Spin Control and Quantum Readout
Recent advances in deep brain stimulation (DBS) technologies have enabled the development of miniaturized electrodes capable of interacting with neural tissue at the microscale and nanoscale. These electrodes—now as small as 50 μm or less in diameter—are being engineered with carbon nanotubes, nanowires, and graphene-based materials that provide high conductivity, biocompatibility, and structural flexibility. Such materials are not only ideal for neurostimulation but also for potential integration with spintronic and quantum information platforms. In the context of our DNA-based electron–positron qubit model, these next-generation DBS systems may enable in vivo modulation and measurement of spin states embedded within neuronal DNA. By delivering targeted electric or magnetic fields, miniaturized electrodes can induce B–Z DNA transitions, thus toggling the local chiral environment and controlling qubit states via the CISS effect. Furthermore, localized positron–electron annihilation within neural tissue—monitored via embedded sensors or external quantum PET techniques—could serve as a readout mechanism for these in vivo quantum computations. This integration of miniaturized brain interfaces with DNA-embedded quantum structures paves the way for real-time, non-destructive access to biological quantum logic. Such a system holds promise for future bio-quantum neural computing, entanglement-assisted diagnostics, and personalized neurotherapeutics guided by quantum state feedback.
Advancements in deep brain stimulation (DBS) technologies are rapidly converging with nanoscale materials science to allow for unprecedented precision in neural modulation. Recent innovations include the use of ultrathin, flexible electrodes made from materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes. These materials exhibit exceptional electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and mechanical compliance with brain tissue, which minimizes immune response and tissue damage. Moreover, graphene can be Graphene self-assembly techniques enable the construction of ultra-compact circuits on soft or curved biological substrates, including brain surfaces and even intracellular regions. Using DNA-guided or protein-scaffolded assembly methods, graphene nanoribbons and 2D lattices can be selectively positioned to form interfaces with biological structures at the subcellular scale. This allows direct integration with DNA-based quantum logic systems, enabling not only readout of entangled spin states but also in our framework, miniaturized DBS probes fabricated with self-assembled graphene could be implanted into specific brain regions to interact with DNA-embedded positron–electron qubit systems. These probes could induce localized B–Z DNA transitions via electrical stimulation or even light-activated switching, taking advantage of optoelectronic properties of graphene. Additionally, annihilation events triggered by the qubit decay could be monitored in real-time by embedded PET sensors or spin-resolved positron.
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