Effectiveness of Yoga on Patients with Chemotherapy Induced Cognitive Impairment (CICI) In Lung Cancer at Tertiary Care Center, Mumbai- A Pilot Study.

Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/1008

Effectiveness of Yoga on Patients with Chemotherapy Induced Cognitive Impairment (CICI) In Lung Cancer at Tertiary Care Center, Mumbai- A Pilot Study.

  • Prathepa Jagdish 1*
  • Jimli Daimari 1
  • Vanita Noronha 2
  • Minit Shah 2
  • Nandini Menon 2
  • Kumar Prabash 2

1 College of Nursing, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

2 Department of Medical Oncolog , Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding Author: Prathepa Jagdish, College of Nursing, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Citation: Prathepa Jagdish, Jimli Daimari, Vanita Noronha, Minit Shah, Nandini Menon, et al., (2026), Effectiveness of Yoga on Patients with Chemotherapy Induced Cognitive Impairment (CICI) In Lung Cancer at Tertiary Care Center, Mumbai- A Pilot Study, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, 33(2); DOI:10.31579/2690-4861/1008

Copyright: © 2026, Prathepa Jagdish. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Received: 02 December 2025 | Accepted: 29 December 2025 | Published: 09 January 2026

Keywords: effectiveness; yoga; chemotherapy; chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment (CICI); lung cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer globally. It is the most prevalent cancer among males and the second most prevalent cancer among women. In 2022, there were 2,480,675 new cases of lung cancer globally. In 2022, India was placed 4th with a total of 81,748 cases. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), commonly known as "chemo brain" or "chemo fog," is an adverse effect that manifests during and after chemotherapy, characterized by difficulties in memory, attention, concentration, processing speed, and executive functions. NSCLC patients exhibit cognitive deficits in attention, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial domain which affects quality of life. Yoga has been an effective, economical and feasible intervention in improving cognition. Exercises such as super brain yoga, bhastrika, kapalabhati, bhramari and siddha walk increases blood flow to the brain improving oxygenation thus stimulating and boosting cognitive clarity. These are independent nursing action which focuses on improving cognitive function as well as self-esteem of participants.

Problem Statement: “Effectiveness of yoga on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment (CICI) in lung cancer at tertiary care center, Mumbai-A pilot study”.

Objectives

1.To assess the effect of yoga on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in lung cancer receiving third or fourth cycle of chemotherapy. 

2.To identify the degree of cognitive impairment and to see the trend of changes in cognition measured by ACE III among patients with lung cancer at tertiary care center.

3.To compare the association between the cognitive function and the clinical data of patients with lung cancer at tertiary care center.

Methodology: The study enrolled 30 lung cancer patients receiving third or fourth cycle of chemotherapy by using non-probability convenient sampling technique and design as quasi-experimental one group pre-post design out of which 29 patients have completed intervention of 30 days. Intervention consisted of yoga containing 5 exercises such as super brain yoga, bhastrika, kapalabhati, bhramari and siddha walk which were demonstrated. These exercises were performed 3 times a day and total duration of 5 exercises was 20-25 minutes for a period of 30 days. Regular follow up was done log book was maintained for compliance. On day 21 and day 30, patients were assessed for effectiveness of yoga using ACE III tool. The statistical evaluation for primary objective was done by Friedman Test and the secondary objective evaluation was done by using Chi Square Test to identify the degree of cognitive impairment and Wilcoxon Signed rank Test to see the trend of changes in score from day 0 to day 21, from day 21 to day 30 and from day 0 to day 30.

Results of The Study: In this study, 30 participants received intervention and 29 participants have completed the intervention and follow up.

The result showed maximum of 13 (44.8%) participants were in the age group 51-60 years, 10 (34.5%) participants were in the age group 41-50 years, 4 (13.8 %) participants were in the age group of 31-40 years and a minimum of 2 (6.9%) participants were in the age group of 18-30 years. The group consisted of 21 (72.4%) males and 8 (27.6%) females. It showed that 14 (48.3%) participants were under the category of monthly income of Rs. 11000-20000, 6 (20.7%) participants under the category of monthly income of Rs. 21000-30000, 4 (13.8%) participants under monthly income of Rs. > 40000 whereas 4 (13.8%) participants were under monthly income of Rs. ≤ 10000 and 1 (3.4%) participant were under monthly income of Rs. 31000-40000. Here, 21 (72.4%) participants were receiving 3rd cycle of chemotherapy, 8 (27.6%) participants were receiving 4th cycle of chemotherapy and 1 (3.4%) participant had received immunotherapy along with chemotherapy.

On day 0, the mean attention score was 13.76 and SD 2.63, the mean memory score 11.07 and SD 3.38, the mean fluency score 7.72 and SD 1.91, the mean language score 16.66 and SD 2.47 and mean visuospatial score 9.45 and SD 2.67.

On day 21, the mean attention score was 14.72 and SD 2.02, mean memory score was 13.86 and SD 3.47, mean fluency score was 9.76 and SD 1.38, mean language score was 17.69 and SD 2.88 and mean visuospatial score 10.97 and SD 2.51.

On day 30, the mean attention score was 14.90 and SD 2.04, mean memory score was 14.69 and SD 3.16, mean fluency score was 10.48 and SD 1.27, mean language score was 17.97 and SD 2.96 and mean visuospatial score was 11.45 and SD 2.44. And the total mean on day 0 was 58.69 and SD 8.63, on day 21 mean was 66.93 and SD 8.28, on day 30 mean was 69.41 and SD 8.26.

The p-value for attention, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial score were found statistically highly significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions: The result of the study suggests that yoga is effective in improving attention, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial domains of cognition which can improve quality of life of patient and in executive functions in daily life.

Introduction

Chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment (CICI) which is also referred to as “chemobrain” or “chemo fog” is an adverse reaction occurring during and after chemotherapy characterized by difficulty in memorizing visual-verbal activity, attention, concentration, processing speed and executive functions. It affects upto75% of patients during the period of chemotherapy and about 35% patients suffer for several months post chemotherapy1. The manifestations can be seen in varying degrees with varying onset and durations affecting quality of life of patients2. Chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment can result due to effects associated with neuronal damage, abnormality in repair and brain remodelling3.

As per GLOBOCAN 2020, lung cancer (11.4%) is leading after breast cancer (11.7%) with an estimation of 1.8 million deaths (18%)4. Study revealed that patients with small cell lung cancer developed cognitive impairment mostly with visuospatial disabilities and verbal influency after chemotherapy treatment with lowered grey matter and white matter integrity in bilateral paralimbic regions and white matter tract5.Chemotherapy negatively affects brain glucose metabolism and cognition by reducing blood flow. Chemotherapeutic agents, such as methotrexate with its antiangiogenic effect mediates vascular toxicity6. Doxorubicin used in breast cancer develops brain mitochondrial dysfunction, structural deformity and cognitive impairment by increasing peripheral (reactive oxygen species) ROS production in both clinical and preclinical settings7.

Studies showed both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide caused behavioral defects, though Cyclophosphamide was associated with microglia induced inflammation. Hippocampal-dependent memory deficiency in rats was caused by activated microglial cells in hippocampus. Immuno fluorescence techniques showed that almost 90?cline in neuro genesis caused by both the drugs8.

Platinum-based agents (cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin etc.) are neuro toxic to neural progenitor cell (NPC) and oligodendrocytes through excitotoxic alterations and apoptotic pathway that inhibit protein synthesis by cross-linking susceptible mitochondrial DNA, leading to irreversible mutations rather than affecting nuclear DNA9,10 

Studies showed that taxanes (Paclitaxel, docetaxel) caused mitochondrial damage in a neuropathic rodent model and also caused structural compromise in vital areas of the cerebral cortex and peripheral neurons11.

Triple chemotherapeutic drugs including cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil causes neuro inflammation and neuro degeneration in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of breast cancer patients. Severe cognitive impairment and dementia are seen when there is loss of neurons in the major centres for learning and memory12.

Study showed that Immune Check point inhibitor (ICI) mono therapy can lead to cognitive decline and can deteriorate as the treatment progresses in lung cancer.13

Lung cancer metastasizes to brain within 2 years after the primary tumor diagnosis. In SCLC, 10% of patients with Small cell lung cancer have metastasized to central nervous system (CNS) at the time of primary tumor diagnosis14.

Studies also showed that yoga as a promising non pharmacological intervention that improved cognition and cardiac issues in patients with CICI in breast cancer which improved their quality of life15.

Study showed that Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients Cognitive impairment at baseline, before to treatment, particularly in verbal memory, accompanied by extensive reductions in white matter. One-month post-treatment, Small Cell Lung Cancer patients had notable cognitive abnormalities, particularly in visuo-spatial ability and verbal fluency, and structural alterations in grey and white matter within bilateral regions associated with the paralimbic system16.

In view of fulfilling the gap, with reference to evidences from several studies, nurses encounter various cognitive issues that are subjectively and objectively gathered during nursing service. There are studies done on chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in breast cancer. There is a gap existing of patients with lung cancer. Hence it is felt as necessary topic to be chosen as a study to assess the level of cognitive impairment and to provide intervention of yoga that may improve their cognition to be able to execute functional activities to prevent them from declining in social activities.

Primary objective was to assess the effect of yoga on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in lung cancer patients receiving third or fourth cycle of chemotherapy. Secondary objective was to identify the degree of cognitive impairment and to see the trend of changes in cognition measured by ACE III scale among patients with lung cancer at tertiary care center and to compare the association between the cognitive function and the clinical data of patients with lung cancer at tertiary care center

Materials and Methods

The study approach used in this study was quantitative. The study consists of single arm experimental design. A single cohort of research participants undergoes pretesting, followed by the implementation of treatments or alteration of the independent variable, and concludes with post-testing. A total of 30 participants were selected based on the selection criteria using convenient sampling technique. The study was executed in outpatient medical oncology thoracic department, General and Private Daycare after approval from IEC and CTRI registration at Tata Memorial Hospital in Mumbai, India. Participants enrolled in the study were diagnosed with lung cancer undergoing 3rd or 4th cycle of chemotherapy. An informed consent was taken from the participants meeting inclusion criteria and those willing to participate. Pre intervention assessment was done using standardized ACEIII tool for cognitive impairment and the intervention was provided with five exercises such as Super Brain Yoga, Bhastrika, Kapalabhati, Bhramari and Siddha Walk.

CTRI number is CTRI/2024/07/071133

Inclusion criteria

• Patient’s histologically proven with lung cancer with /without metastasis.

• Age18-60years.

• Receiving chemotherapy (cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, bleomycin, gemcitabine, etoposide, pemetrexed) alone/with immunotherapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, durvalumab) /targeted therapy (bevacizumab, Osimertinib and crizotinib).

• Patients who were able to implement the planned interventional exercises.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients receiving only immunotherapy/targeted therapy

• Preexisting cognitive impairment such as dementia, Alzheimer’s, epilepsy, Parkinson’s, traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular accident-related cognitive dysfunction.

• Complications such as neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, pneumothorax, pain, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy.

Data Collection Tool

The initial Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE) was created in the late 1990s at the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge as a straightforward bedside test battery intended to identify mild dementia and distinguish Alzheimer’s disease from frontotemporal dementia17.

•The ACE-III is a concise, paper-and-pencil assessment of overall cognitive performance. It encompasses five cognitive domains. Each cognitive domain assesses distinct cognitive abilities, contributing to the aggregate score. The scale consists of 100 points. Each domain possesses distinct point locations, as detailed

below: 18 points are assigned to the attention and orientation domain,26 points to the memory domain,14 points to the verbal fluency domain, 26 points to the language domain, and 16 points to the visuospatial domain. A superior score is indicative of enhanced cognitive ability18,19.

The domains were-

  • Attention: 18 points
  • Memory: 26 points
  • Verbal fluency: 14points
  • Language: 26points
  • Visuospatial abilities: 16points Total score = 100 points

The optimal cut-off score of 71 (sensitivity=76.13%, specificity=78.42%; AUC :0.849) effectively distinguishes mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from healthy controls (HC). And the optimal cut- off for diagnosing cases with major neuro cognitive is order (MNCD)was determined to be 6220

Intervention

•Participants were assessed for cognitive impairment using ACE III tool and scored. Those who has major or mild cognitive dysfunction were taught about the exercises.

•Informed them about the importance of yoga on cognition and its benefits. Demonstrated 5 exercises: Super Brain Yoga, Bhastrika, Kapalabhati, Bhramari and Siddha Walk.

•Return demonstration from the participants on the same day was also taken to confirm they have learnt it properly. A validated video recording of all the exercises was also provided them to refer.

1. Super brain yoga

Super brain yoga is a type of yoga in which acupuncture points are the energy centres.

2 Bhastrika: Bhastrika means a bellows used in a furnace. Here the air is forcibly drawn in and out as in a blacksmith’s bellows. Hence the name.

3Kapalabhati: Kapalabhati Pranayama is a breathing technique that involves forceful exhalations and passive inhalations. The word “Kapal” means forehead, and “Bhati” means shining, hence the name “Skull Shining Breath.”.

1Bhramari: Bhramari Pranayama is a form of breathing exercise that is particularly beneficial to the brain. Bhramari is a Sanskrit term derived from the black Indian bumblebee, Bhramar. It refers to the distinctive humming sound made when exhaling.

2 Siddha Walk: The Siddha walk comes from the ancient scripture of Agastya Nadi. According to him, Maharishi Agastya was one of the learned sages, who adopted this.

Sr. No.InterventionSteps FrequencyDurationBenefits
1.Super brain yoga
  • Stand straight and open the legs as wide as the shoulders and the tongue should touch the hard palate.
  • Touch the acupressure points (earlobes)with the thumb and index finger of opposite hands
  • The hands are to be crossed in front of the chest.
  • The index finger points in ward and the thumb should point outward.
  • Perform 30 squats, inhaling while sitting down and exhaling while standing up or can sit on the chair and perform.
3 times a day with 30 squats each time: before breakfast, before lunch, before dinner.5 minutesSuper brain Yoga is a type of yoga which stimulates the acupressure points in the earlobes. This sends electrical signals to the brain, thus stimulating it and boosting cognitive clarity. By pressing the earlobes, the left and right hemispheres of the brain are activated. The squatting action in the practice is meant to transmute the energy that is trapped in the lower chakra to the upper chakras (i.e the squatting action causing rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the muscles of lower limbs compresses veins increasing venous return to the heart, which subsequently increases sroke volume and boosts cardiac output, thus increasing systemic arterial blood pressure improving circulation to the brain)21,22.
2.Bhastrika
  • Sit with crossed legs.
  • Take a fast, vigorous breath and exhale fast and forcefully. One inhalation and one exhalation completes a cycle of Bhastrika. The sound made resembles air rushing through bellows.
  • Complete10-12cycles.
  • If the sound of the air lessens, and the vigour diminishes, then reduce the number of cycles to 8.
  • After completion lied own in savasana (supine).

10-12 cycles per timeRepeat 3 times a day

 

5 minutes

Bhastrika activates and invigorates the liver, spleen, pancreas and abdominal muscles. Improves digestion, sinuses are drained, eyes feel cool and has a great sense of exhilaration. It helps to clear the mind and enhance mental clarity by increasing the oxygen supply to the brain, also improve cognitive function and memory retention.

 

3.Kapalabhati
  • Sit in a comfortable position with spine erect and hands on abdomen.
  • Take a deep breath in and exhale forcefully through nose, contracting abdominal muscles.
  • While exhaling, imagine pushing the air out of lungs, and abdomen to move inward.
  • Take a passive inhale through nose, allowing abdomen to expand.
  • Repeat the process.
3times a day.5 minutesKapalabhati Pranayama is believed to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, which can cause a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, and increase blood flow to the brain improving oxygenation, reduce stress, and enhance cognitive function23
4.Bhramari
  • Relax the body and sit in any comfortable position with a straight spine and a calm mind.
  • Throughout the exercise, to keep eyes closed. Place index fingers of both hands on the forehead, middle fingers on the eyes, ring fingers on the nose, and little fingers on the top lips, close the ears with thumbs.
  • Slowly and deeply inhale via both nostrils. The sound of the breath is being listened to.
  • Exhale should be done slowly, generating a pleasant, slow-pitch humming sound like a Bumblebee or “Om”. To feel the vibrations throughout the entire body and mind. It lifts one's spirits by creating positive energy and genuine joy.
3 times a day5 minutesOm chanting is said to help with the development of mental abilities and strength, as well as the reduction of stress and the development of a higher level of consciousness. Improves parasympathetic nervous system (vagal tone) dominance24,25
5.Siddha walk
  • Walk on an Eight (“8″) shaped pattern on the floor with 6 feet width and 10 feet in length.
  • Follow the “8” pattern as per the arrow marking
  • When walking, observe breath and walk at a constant pace –not too fast or too slow.
  • One complete round to be counted while coming back to start position “1”.
  • Walk from south to north direction in clockwise for 10 rounds and then anticlockwise for 10 rounds.

 

3 times a day

 

5 minutesWalk in South-North direction i.e towards and against the earth’s magnetic field, the body gets energized and activates chakras and all internal organs for normal functioning. Due to 8 shaped walking style, all the body parts like legs, ankles, knees, abdomen, hips, hands, shoulders, neck, head etc moves in a twist and turn pattern. So it gives a very good physical movement to all parts of the body when compared to regular walking. It improves consciousness and alertness (the bilateral movement helps to activate both the hemispheres and releases serotonin, dopamine, endorphin reducing anxiety and stress. The acupressure points enhances blood circulation to the brain)26.

Results

Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Demographic VariablesNumber of PatientsPercentage
Age Group(yrs)  
18 –3026.9
31 –40413.8
41 –501034.5
51 –601344.8
Total29100.0
   
Gender  
Female827.6
Male2172.4
   
Monthly Family Income (Rs)  
≤10000413.8
11000– 200001448.3
21000– 30000620.7
31000– 4000013.4
>40000413.8
   
Age (Mean ±SD)48.10±9.00

Table I: Demo graphic data, N=29.

Table I represents the distribution of participants as per age, gender and monthly income. Showed that a maximum of 13 (44.8%) participants were in the age group 51-60 years, 10 (34.5 %) participants were in the age group 41-50 years, 4 (13.8 %) participants were in the age group of 31-40 years and a minimum of 2(6.9%) participants were in18-30years of age group. Distribution of participants as per gender where 21(72.4%) participants were male and 8(27.6%) participants were female. 14 (48.3%) participants were under the category of monthly income of Rs.11000- 20000, 6 (20.7%) participants under the category of monthly income of Rs. 21000-30000, 4 (13.8%) participants under monthly income of Rs. > 40000 whereas 4 (13.8%) participants were under monthly income of Rs.≤10000 and 1(3.4%) participant was under monthly income of Rs. 31000- 40000.

Clinical DataNumber of PatientsPercentage
Diagnosis  
Ca Lung29100.0
   
Chemo Cycle  
32172.4
4827.6
   
Immunotherapy  
Received13.4
Not Received2896.6
   
Targeted therapy  
Received00.0
Not Received29100.0

Table II: Clinical data of patients, N=29.

Table II represents the distribution of participants as per diagnosis, chemotherapy cycle, immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Here, 21 (72.4%) participants were receiving 3rd cycle of chemotherapy, 8 (27.6%) participants were receiving 4th cycle of chemotherapy and 1 (3.4%) participant had received immunotherapy along with chemotherapy.

Assessment Day0Day21Day30Friedman TestP-ValueSig. at 5% level
Domain wiseNMeanStd devMeanStd devMeanStd dev   
Attention Score2913.762.6314.722.0214.902.0422.656**P<0>Yes
Memory Score2911.073.3813.863.4714.693.1637.232**P<0>Yes
Fluency Score297.721.919.761.3810.481.2747.319**P<0>Yes
Language Score2916.662.4717.692.8817.972.9619.283**P<0>Yes
Visuo spatial Score299.452.6710.972.5111.452.4432.066**P<0>Yes
Total Score2958.698.6366.938.2869.418.2645.243**P<0>Yes

Table III: Effect of yoga on chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment (day wise), N=29.

*Statistically Significant at 5% level i.e., P< 0>

**Statistically Highly Significant at 0.1% level i.e., P<0>

Degree of cognitive impairment (Score)Day0Day21Day30TotalChi Square TestP-Value

Sig. at 5%

level

f%f%f%
Normal (≥71)0

 

0.0

12

 

41.4

14

 

48.3

2624.562**P<0>Yes
Mild (62-70)1241.4931.01241.433   
Major (<62>17

 

58.6

8

 

27.6

3

 

10.3

28   
Total29100.029100.029100.087   

Table IV: Degree of cognitive impairment, N=29.

**Statistically highly Significant at 0.1% level i.e., P<0>

Assess the effectDay0Day21Application
Domain wiseNMeanStd devNMeanStd devWilcoxon Signed rank TestP-value
Attention Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 212913.762.632914.722.023.573**0.000
         
Memory Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 212911.073.382913.863.474.367**0.000
         
Fluency Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 21297.721.91299.761.384.4542**0.000
         
Language Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 212916.662.472917.692.883.086*0.002
         
Visuospatial Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 21299.452.672910.972.513.755**0.000
         
Total Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 212958.698.632966.938.284.714**0.000

Table V: Trend of changes in cognition (day0 vs day21), N=29.

*Statistically Significant at 5% level i.e., P<0>

**Statistically Highly Significant at 0.1% level i.e., P<0>

The above Table V reveals that the mean value of attention score on day 0 was 13.76 and 14.72on day 21. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean value of memory score was 11.07 on day 0 and 13.86 on day 21. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean score of fluency score on day 0 was 7.72 and 9.76 on day 21. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean value of language score was

16.66 on day 0 and 17.69 on day 21. The p-value was found statistically significant (0.002). The mean value for visuospatial score was 9.45 on day 0 and 10.97 on day 21. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000).

Assess the effectDay 21Day 30Application
Domain wiseNMeanStd devNMeanStd devWilcox on Signed rank TestP-value
Attention Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 302914.722.022914.902.041.2490.212
         
Memory Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 302913.863.472914.693.163.203*0.001
         
Fluency Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 30299.761.382910.481.273.337*0.001
         
Language Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 302917.692.882917.972.961.6280.103
         
Visuospatial Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 302910.972.512911.452.442.636*0.008
         
Total Score        
Day 21 Vs Day 302966.938.282969.418.263.241*0.001

Table VI: Trend of changes in cognition (day 21 vs day 30), N=29.

*Statistically Significant at 5% level i.e., P< 0>

**Statistically Highly Significant at 0.1% level i.e., P<0>

The above table VI reveals that the mean value of attention score on day 21 was 14.72 and 14.90 on day 30. The p-value was statistically not significant (0.212). The mean value of memory score was 13.86 on day 21 and 14.69on day 30. The p-value was found statistically significant (0.001).

The mean score of fluency score was 9.76 on day 21 and 10. 48 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically significant (0.001). The mean value of language score was 17.69 on day 21 and 17.97 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically not significant (0.103). The mean value for visuospatial score was 10.97 on day 21 and 11.45 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically significant (0.001).

Assess the effectDay0Day30Application
Domain wiseNMeanStd devNMeanStd devWilcoxon Signed rank TestP-value
Attention Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 302913.762.632914.902.043.127*0.002
         
Memory Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 302911.073.382914.693.164.411**0.000
         
Fluency Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 30297.721.912910.481.274.490**0.000
         
Language Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 302916.662.472917.972.963.095**0.000
         
Visuospatial Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 30299.452.672911.452.443.947**0.000
         
Total Score        
Day 0 Vs Day 302958.698.632969.418.264.566**0.000

Table VII: Trend of changes in cognition (day 0 vs day 30), N=29.

*Statistically Significant at 5% level i.e., P<0>

**Statistically Highly Significant at 0.1% level i.e., P<0>

The Table VII reveals that the mean value of attention score was 13.76 on day 0 and 14.90 on day 30. The p-value was statistically significant (0.002). The mean value of memory score was 11.07 on day 0 and 14.69 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean score of fluency score was 7.72 on day 0 and 10.48 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean value of language score was 16.66 on day 0 and 17.97 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000). The mean value for visuospatial score was 9.45 on day 0 and 11.45 on day 30. The p-value was found statistically highly significant (0.000).

Figure I: Trend of changes in cognition, N=29.

The above line chart displays the data over time period of 30 days which shows the increasing trend of mean values of cognitive domains from day 0 to day 21 and from day 21 to day 30.

Table VIII: Association between cognitive function and clinical data, N=29

The above table VIII depicts that there is no association between cognitive function and clinical data i.e., either 3rd or 4th cycle of chemotherapy. It does not show any significant difference in mean values of cognitive domains on day 0.

Discussion:

Cognitive impairment following third cycle of chemotherapy in lung cancer emerged as a notable adverse effect that impacts activities of daily living and self-care.

This quasi-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of yoga on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in lung cancer. 29 participants have followed and completed 30 days of intervention without any complication. They found super brain yoga and siddha walk more interesting as compared to other three breathing exercises- bhastrika, kapalabhati and bhramari.

In this study, the interventions included 5 exercises such as super brain yoga, bhastrika, kapalabhati, bhramari and siddha walk for 20-25 minutes 3 times a day before food for a period of 30 days. Assessment of cognitive impairment was done by using ACEIII tool on day0, day21and day 30. A significant increase in the scores of cognitive domains such as attention, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial were noted and their interest towards continuing these exercises which indicates a positive effect of yoga on cognition.

Janelsins MC et al. in his study done on prevalence, mechanism and possible interventions for CICI on breast cancer patients found that 30%ofpatients manifested CICI before chemotherapy, 75% throughout treatment and 35%had even manifested after years of treatment (Janelsins MCet al 2014)36. In our study among 29 participants, 17 (58.6%) participants had major neuro cognitive disorder (MNCD, score <62>

Simo M et al in their study indicated that individuals with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer demonstrated cognitive impairment at baseline, before to therapy, particularly in verbal memory, accompanied by extensive reductions in white matter. One-month post-treatment, patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer exhibited notable cognitive impairments, particularly in visuo-spatial skills and verbal fluency16. In this study, participants diagnosed with NSCLC and SCLC both had demonstrated mild (41.4% of participants) as well as major (58.6% of participants) cognitive impairment at baseline undergoing 3rd or 4th cycle of chemotherapy.

Von Ah D, et al. in their study, the cumulative impact of chemotherapy on cognition in breast cancer patients, involving 60 individuals, indicated that cognitive deterioration typically manifests after the initial chemotherapy cycle and exacerbates with increased chemotherapy exposure13. In this study, it is found that there is no association between chemotherapy cycle and cognitive function. The participants receiving either 3rd or 4th cycle of chemotherapy exhibited cognitive impairment and there is no significant difference in scores. It can be the gap between the 2 cycles was only 21 days and the investigator has not followed up throughout the cycles after 4th cycle of chemotherapy.

Babakhani M in his study, super brain yoga for a period of one month has shown effective for haemo dialysis patient. The mean scores for cognitive function, urea, Creatinine, and dialysis adequacy at baseline were 26.07±3.72, 133.83±34.19, 9.37±2.55, and 1.22±0.24 in the control group, and 28.97 ± 1.62, 174.17 ± 52.8, 13.38 ± 4.16, and 1.26 ± 0.22 in the intervention group, respectively. At baseline, a significant difference existed between the two groups regarding cognitive function, urea, and creatinine (p-value = 0.001), although no significant difference was observed in dialysis adequacy (p-value=0.974)27. In our study, super brain yoga along with other four exercises were taught to perform for a period of 1 month and it showed statistically highly significant (p<0>

Dhanawat A. et al in their study among elderly Indian individuals with brain metastasis did not show higher occurrence of cognitive impairment than those without metastasis28. In our study, participants diagnosed with NSCLC with or without metastasis undergoing 3rd or 4th cycle of chemotherapy demonstrated cognitive impairment.

Limitations

The study was a single arm study. Convenient sampling technique was used for small sample size with 30 participants with time constraints and lack of previous research studies on the topic.

Recommendations

Good Clinical Practice Guidelines can be prepared to pertain care of cognitive domains in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Establishing a standard protocol for the management of cognitive impairment by performing super brain yoga, bhastrika, kapalabhati, bhramari and siddha walk on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in lung cancer receiving chemotherapy. All five exercises should be added to routine care. Publishing the booklet to improve knowledge and skill among nurses.

Conclusion

This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of yoga on patients with chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment in lung cancer. Majority of the patients with lung cancer receives chemotherapy of multiple cycles and are more prone to develop cognitive impairment irrespective of age and gender. The study showed that yoga for a short period can improve cognition with proper adherence and follow up. The five exercises- super brain yoga, bhastrika, kapalabhati, bhramari and siddha walk are simple techniques of increasing oxygenation and stimulating brain cells and it is cost effective. These nursing interventions can improve patients’ quality of life by making them independent to take part in decision making in the family and feeling of emotional well-being.

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References

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Dr Maria Regina Penchyna Nieto

Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.

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Dr Marcelo Flavio Gomes Jardim Filho

Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”

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Zsuzsanna Bene

Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner

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Dr Susan Weiner

My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.

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Lin-Show Chin

My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.

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Sonila Qirko

My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.

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Luiz Sellmann

I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.

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Zhao Jia

Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."

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Thomas Urban

I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.

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Cristina Berriozabal

To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.

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Dr Tewodros Kassahun Tarekegn

"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".

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Dr Shweta Tiwari

I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.

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Dr Farooq Wandroo

Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.

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Dr Anyuta Ivanova

We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.

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Dr David Vinyes

My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.

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Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt

To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina

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Dr Elvira Farina

Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.

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Dr Oleg Golyanovski

Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.

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Dr Susan Anne Smith

Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.

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Dr Farahnaz Fallahian

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.

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Dr Victor Olagundoye

Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.

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Dr Susan Anne Smith

Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD

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Dr Eric S Nussbaum

Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.

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Hala Al Shaikh

Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.

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Dr Rakhi Mishra

Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.

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Dr Walter F Riesen

Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.

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Dr Jelle Lettinga

Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora

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Dariusz Ziora

Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.

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Dr Ravi Shrivastava

Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.

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Dr Aline Tollet

Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.

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Dr Chiara Giuseppina Beccaluva

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti

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Dr Claudio Ligresti

Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.

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Dr Matteo Bonori

I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.

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Edouard Kujawski

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell

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Dr Andriy Sinelnyk

Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. It was truly a rewarding experience to work with the journal “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. The peer review process was insightful and encouraging, helping us refine our work to a higher standard. The editorial office offered exceptional support with prompt and thoughtful communication. I highly value the journal’s role in promoting scientific advancement and am honored to be part of it. Best regards, Meng-Jou Lee, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital.

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Dr Meng-JouLe

Dear Editorial Team, Journal-Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, “Publishing my article with Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions has been a highly positive experience. The peer-review process was rigorous yet supportive, offering valuable feedback that strengthened my work. The editorial team demonstrated exceptional professionalism, prompt communication, and a genuine commitment to maintaining the highest scientific standards. I am very pleased with the publication quality and proud to be associated with such a reputable journal.” Warm regards, Dr. Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed

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Mahmoud Kamal Moustafa Ahmed

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews’, I appreciate the opportunity to publish my article with your journal. The editorial office provided clear communication during the submission and review process, and I found the overall experience professional and constructive. Best regards, Elena Salvatore.

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Dr Elena Salvatore

Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of ‘International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Herewith I confirm an optimal peer review process and a great support of the editorial office of the present journal

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Christoph Maurer

Dear Editorial Team, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions. I am really grateful for the peers review; their feedback gave me the opportunity to reflect on the message and impact of my work and to ameliorate the article. The editors did a great job in addition by encouraging me to continue with the process of publishing.

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Baciulescu Laura

Dear Cecilia Lilly, Editorial Coordinator, Endocrinology and Disorders, Thank you so much for your quick response regarding reviewing and all process till publishing our manuscript entitled: Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and its Associated Risk Factors Among Nile College Students, Sudan. Best regards, Dr Mamoun Magzoub.

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Dr Mamoun Magzoub

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is a high quality journal that has a clear and concise submission process. The peer review process was comprehensive and constructive. Support from the editorial office was excellent, since the administrative staff were responsive. The journal provides a fast and timely publication timeline.

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Joel Yat Seng Wong

Dear Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator of the journal IJCCR, I write here a little on my experience as an author submitting to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews (IJCCR). This was my first submission to IJCCR and my manuscript was inherently an outsider’s effort. It attempted to broadly identify and then make some sense of life’s under-appreciated mysteries. I initially had responded to a request for possible submissions. I then contacted IJCCR with a tentative topic for a manuscript. They quickly got back with an approval for the submission, but with a particular requirement that it be medically relevant. I then put together a manuscript and submitted it. After the usual back-and-forth over forms and formality, the manuscript was sent off for reviews. Within 2 weeks I got back 4 reviews which were both helpful and also surprising. Surprising in that the topic was somewhat foreign to medical literature. My subsequent updates in response to the reviewer comments went smoothly and in short order I had a series of proofs to evaluate. All in all, the whole publication process seemed outstanding. It was both helpful in terms of the paper’s content and also in terms of its efficient and friendly communications. Thank you all very much. Sincerely, Ted Christopher, Rochester, NY.

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Dr Ted Christopher

Dear Grace Pierce, Editorial Coordinator of the journal IJCCR, I had a very positive experience with Auctores - Journal throughout the publication process. The Editorial Team was highly responsive, professional, and supportive at every stage. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to the Editor: Grace Pierce, for her guidance and assistance. The peer-review process was smooth and constructive, helping improve the quality of my work. I would gladly recommend Auctores Journal to fellow researchers and authors. Dr. SABITA SINHA, Medical Oncologist, MD (Electro Homeopathy).

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Dr SABITA SINHA

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of - Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. ''I am pleased to provide this testimonial following the publication of our recent case report in this journal. The peer review process was rigorous, constructive, thorough, and conducted in a timely manner. The reviewers’ comments were thoughtful, detailed, and highly constructive, contributing substantially to the refinement, clarity, and scientific robustness of our manuscript. The process was conducted with professionalism and academic integrity throughout. The support provided by the editorial office was exemplary. Communication was consistently prompt, clear, and courteous at all stages of the submission and publication process. The editorial team demonstrated a high level of organization and responsiveness, ensuring that all queries were addressed efficiently and that the process remained transparent and well-coordinated. The overall quality of the journal is reflected in its strong editorial standards, commitment to scientific excellence, and dedication to publishing clinically meaningful research. It has been a privilege to publish our work in this journal, and we would welcome the opportunity to contribute further in the future.'' Best wishes from, Dr. Efstratios Trogkanis, Cardiologist.

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Dr Efstratios Troganis

Dear Reader: We have published several articles in the Auctores Publishing, LLC, journal, Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports in recent years (CMRR). This is an ‘open access’ journal and the following are our observations. From the initial invitation to submit an article, to the final edits of galley proofs, we have found CMRR personnel to be professional, responsive, rapid and thorough. This entire process begins with Catherine Mitchell, Editorial Coordinator. She is simply outstanding, and, I believe, unparalleled in her capacity. I cannot imagine a more responsive and dedicated Editorial Coordinator. As I read the dates and timing of her correspondence with us, it seems that she never sleeps. I hope Auctores Publishing, LLC, appreciates her efforts as much as these authors do. Thank you to Auctores Publishing, LLC, to the Editorial Staff/Board, and to Catherine Mitchell from a grateful author(s).

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Dr Gary Merrill

Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator of International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, What distinguishes International Journal of Clinical Case Report and Review is not only the scientific rigor of its publications, but the intellectual climate in which research is evaluated. The submission process is refreshingly free of unnecessary formal barriers and bureaucratic rituals that often complicate academic publishing without adding real value. The peer-review system is demanding yet constructive, guided by genuine scientific dialogue rather than hierarchical or authoritarian attitudes. Reviewers act as collaborators in improving the manuscript, not as gatekeepers imposing arbitrary standards. This journal offers a rare balance: high methodological standards combined with a respectful, transparent, and supportive editorial approach. In an era where publishing can feel more burdensome than research itself, this platform restores the original purpose of peer review — to refine ideas, not to obstruct them Prof. Perlat Kapisyzi, FCCP PULMONOLOGIST AND THORACIC IMAGING.

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Perlat Kapisyzi