AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Chat with us
Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/177
1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
2 Faculty of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Cognitive Rehabilitation Clinic, Shahid Behesthi University, Tehran, Iran.
*Corresponding Author: Mahdi Bozorgnia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia. Received date: June 2, 2021; Accepted date: June 7, 2021; Published date: June 11, 2021
Citation: Mahdi Bozorgnia, Alireza Bozorgnia and Shahriar Gharibzadeh (2021). Do Face Masks Increase the Rate of Staphylococcus Aureus Infection as Secondary Infection during Covid-19? J Clinical Research and Reports, 8(2); DOI:10.31579/2690-1919/177
Copyright: © 2021 Mahdi Bozorgnia. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 02 June 2021 | Accepted: 07 June 2021 | Published: 11 June 2021
Keywords: staphylococcus aureus; face mask; Covid-19; infectious diseases; SARS; MERS; ARDS; WHO; FFR; symptoms; pneumonia
Nowadays due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to save our lives, we have to use masks in a wider range. Since masks are now considered a protective device to prevent some bacterial or viral diseases, especially COVID-19, and the advice is that we should use them to save our lives and the lives of others. It is true that masks have many benefits, but maybe they are also harmful. It seems that is possible in long- term masking, itself cause side effects or even other diseases. Therefore, since masks are now more widely used, its advantages and even disadvantages are important to us. We think, maybe there are harms that may cause other bacterial diseases as secondary bacterial infection that may be confused with COVID-19 because they may have similar symptoms or may increase the severity of it. In this article, we review Staphylococcus Aureus that may be exacerbate or cause infectious diseases and increase the risk of infection. We may be able to prevent them with some recommendations.
Coronavirus and secondary bacterial infections
In December 2019, a group of acute respiratory disease, nowadays known as novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia (NCIP), occurred in Wuhan, China [1]. The disease has quickly spread from Wuhan to different regions and got pandemic.
Three bronchoalveolar-lavage samples were collected from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital on 30 December 2019. The novel coronavirus was identified when, Genome sequences were checked and have 86.9% nucleotide sequence of bat SARS-like CoV that also shows the typical betacoronavirus organization and was confirmed as the cause of the NCIP [2].
Analysis had shown that 2019-nCoV is a distinct from betacoronaviruses associated with human severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The 2019-nCoV is very similar to bat coronaviruses, and it has been presumed that bats are the primary source [2]. While the origin of the 2019-nCoV is still unknown, recent evidence proposes spread to humans happened via transmission from wild animals illegally sold in the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Case reports proofed human-to-human transmission of NCIP [3].
First clinical symptoms included decreased leukocyte counts, dyspnea, fatigue, fever, myalgia, nonproductive cough, normal and pneumonia. Organ dysfunction i.e., acute cardiac injury, and acute kidney injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS], shock and death can happen in severe cases [4]. In addition, the difference in clinical characteristics between severe and non-severe cases has not been reported yet.
Globally, as of 4 June 2021 approximately 171,782,908 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) including an estimated 3,698,621 deaths have been reported to world Health Organization (WHO).
The focus is needed on prevention and treatment of this viral infection.
Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), using of face masks has become ubiquitous [5]. Using face masks by healthy population in the community to minimize risk of spread of respiratory viruses stays disputable. The effect of community-wide mask usage in order to control COVID-19 has been evaluated. Community-wide mask wearing may contribute to the control of COVID-19 by minimizing the amount of emission of infected saliva and respiratory droplets from persons with subclinical or COVID-19 [6].
Using masks is part of a comprehensive package of the prevention and control measures that can limit the spread of COVID-19. Masks can be used either for protection of healthy persons, worn to protect oneself when in contact with an infected individual or for source control, worn by an infected individual to prevent onward transmission [7]. Face mask is critical for protecting health care workers in hospitals and clinics and reduces the spread of the COVID-19.
Pulmonary diseases of viral origin are often followed by the manifestation of secondary infections, may leading to more clinical complications and negative disease results [8]. Then, investigation of secondary infections is important. Data was provided for COVID-19 patients, a mortality rate is higher due to secondary bacterial infections [9]. Quinolones, cephalosporins and macrolides are commonly prescribed, but also the glycopeptide vancomycin [10]. Several bacterial pathogens appear to be common causes of secondary infections, including antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae [8].
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is an aerobic that can also, can live in anaerobic conditions and is Gram-positive coccus. S. aureus is found in the environment, also in normal human flora, located on the skin and mucous membranes (most often the nasal area) of most healthy individuals. S. aureus does not normally cause infection on healthy skin; however, if it enters the bloodstream or internal tissues, these bacteria may cause a variety of serious infections [11]. One of major risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus infection is nasal carriage around 25% of adults carry this bacterium [12]. The percentages are higher for people who are patients in a hospital or who work there. Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of life-threatening infections [13]. Paradoxically, it also asymptomatically colonizes approximately 20%–30% of healthy adults. Nasal carriage of S. aureus has been shown to be a major risk factor for ensuing S. aureus infection [14].
Local skin humidity and temperature are highly conducive to the growth of S. aureus [15]. Increases in humidity as well as temperature have been both associated with significantly higher culturable bacteria in indoor air [16].
Different individual factors, including loss of the normal skin barrier, existence of some illnesses such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, defects in neutrophils function and diabetes put at risk of infection [17,18]. The primary way of transmission of S. aureus is by direct contact, commonly skin-to-skin contact with infected persons or those how have it, also by contacting with contaminated surfaces and stuffs could play a role. Antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus leads to infection that have become global epidemic. Staphylococcal disease, especially that caused by methicillin resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA), is increasing. S. aureus is a remarkable compatible pathogen with a proofed ability to provide and develop resistance. Of particular concern is beta-lactam antibiotics diminishing impacts. Resistance is often seen as consequence of gene transmission that is prevalent in hospitals and healthcare institutions. Although the discovery and development of new antimicrobials is essential, the problem of drug resistance seems unlikely to be solved for a long time [19]. To prevent the emergence of the post-antibiotic era, new technologies are needed that lead to faster and faster diagnosis, better understanding of the pathogenicity of S. aureus and non-antimicrobial approaches to prevention and treatment of infection [20].
As we mentioned earlier one the most common bacterial infections in humans, is S. aureus which may cause human infections including: bacteremia, infective endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infections e.g., impetigo, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, scalded skin syndrome, and others, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, prosthetic device infections, pulmonary infections e.g., pneumonia and empyema, gastroenteritis, meningitis, toxic shock syndrome, and urinary tract infections [11].
Is it a problem as a secondary infection in covid-19 patients?
In COVID-19 patients, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria isolated during secondary infections [21]. During active viral infections, the course of the infection, proximity of infection and virulence factors vary between bacterial strains, resulting in different outcomes.
Effective treatment of viral and secondary bacterial infection(s) is a vital importance. Deployed antiviral therapies do not initially treat secondary bacterial infections [22].
The preferred treatment for bacterial infections is normally broad-spectrum antibiotics, but this can lead to adversely affect the natural microflora of the host [23]. To reduce severe disease progression or fatal outcomes, alternative methods are needed to alleviate the effects of secondary bacterial infections and eliminate bacterial pathogens while maintaining host immunity.
Face mask
Masks have been used more than 100 years to minimize some bacterial or viral infections [24,25]. Also, it has been showed that dual respiratory virus or bacterial-viral infections can be reduced by the use of N95 respirators [26]. In addition, masks can consider respiratory protection devices. Because they filter out fine airborne particles from reaching the respiratory system and prevent interpersonal infection, the protective effect of face mask is important [27].
After exposure to masks for hours, hot and humid environment in the facial region that covered by masks, makes discomfort such as change in physiological function of nasal cavity and hyperthermia [28]. The high temperature also, high moisture content of the exhaled breath can make moisture to condense in filtering face piece respirators (FFR) due to difference of temperature between ambient air and that in the FFR dead space. The amount of moisture retained within FFR is impacted by the breathing volume, ambient temperature and humidity. It is possible that more water retention and added impact on breathing resistances could occur with use over an 8-h period. The amount of water vapor present in saturated air depends on the air temperature [29]. Some data suggest that exhaled breath temperatures may be 1–2°C higher in healthy adults. Each 1°C rise in temperature increases water vapor pressure 6–7.5% so that the absolute increase in expelled moisture (and resultant retained moisture in the FFR) at the higher temperature would be increased proportionally [30]. One study indicated that fitting a surgical mask or respirator during 1 h of continuous wearing led to an increase in facial skin temperature under the face mask, while removing the face mask tended to rapidly decrease it after 1 min, returning to the baseline after 5 min [31]. Wearing a face mask may increase the oral temperature in healthy persons [32]. A high increase of humidity and temperature at the end of inspiration was found in the prior nasal part [33].
Wearing masks for a long time causes a lot of physiological and psychological loads and can reduce work efficiency. The activity cannot be performed as much or as efficiently while wearing the mask as when the masks are not worn. In addition, when you can continue an activity, it decreases when using the mask. Prolonged use of N95 and surgical masks can cause physical side effects such as acne, difficulty breathing, headaches, impaired cognition, rashes, and skin breakdown. It also interferes with vision, communication, and thermal balance [34].
Also pain behind the ear and on nose which are possibly due to the tightfitting masks. Some people experience shortness of breath or trouble breathing on exertion when using mask, possibly due to the tight mask that causes hypercapnic hypoxic atmosphere and leads to number of physiological changes, including cardio-respiratory stress and metabolic changes. Other symptoms such as dry mouth, halitosis, and sore throat are most likely due to insufficient water intake during long-term usage of facemask [35]. Also, small proportion of people have been observed with symptoms of odor change, sense of nasal stuffiness, nasal obstruction, cracking sensation, nasal scab [35].
Survey respondents have recommended to prevent headaches and impaired cognition, it is recommended to take short and continuous breaks, neck massage, increased hydration, alternate surgical masks and N95 masks (if possible) because Continuous use of N95s resulted in significantly lower rates of bacterial colonization [36] and have more protective advantages [37], wearing an N95 mask with a filter for better ventilation, and wearing a mask that fits person's face.
To prevent skin breakdown, it is recommended to use an ear protection, so that earplugs are placed on those protective items instead of behind the ears. Also recommended to use a clean and fresh mask for each shift to remove broken skin. As a precaution such as using moisturizers, emollients, and barrier creams to prevent skin damage. It should be noted that dressings, moisturizers, and lotions do not interact with mask seal, thus causing decreased protection against COVID-19 particles. At the end, to prevent acne, avoiding facial makeup, moisturizing skin, and using facial cleanser wipes to cleanse the skin and Wash your face in the morning and at the end of the day with a gentle, fragrance and non-medicated cleanser [38]. Also recommended to improved mask design with a focus on safety, comfort, and tolerability [34].
We suggest everyone that uses face mask for long period of time, should remove it periodically for regulating temperature and humidity and preventing S. aureus infection. And at the end our other suggestion is to design safe and comfortable mask without side effects that can cause other infections or design mask with special substances like dehumidifiers or cooling the air that is inside of mask
We have to use mask because it has lots of benefits more than harms. The use of face mask may play a major role in causing significant discomfort to most of persons during long-term use, which can limit the effective use of face mask and reduce protection. On the other hand, face masks are essential to protect us from COVID-19 and some certain strategies can be followed to reduce risks of using mask. Based on abovementioned points, we think that using face masks may increase the rate of S. aureus infection. As one of the symptoms of S. aureus is pneumonia, could be considered as corona not S. aureus that has to be checked.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
