Written by I Made Sudarma Adiputra, Ni Wayan Trisnadewi, Ni Putu Wiwik Oktaviani, Seri Asnawati Munthe, Victor Trismanjaya Hulu, Indah Budiastutik, Ahmad Faridi, Radeny Ramdany, Rosmauli Jerimia Fitriani, Putu Oky Ari Tania, Baiq Fitria Rahmiati, Sanya Anda Lusiana, Andi Susilawaty, Efendi Sianturi & Suryana, nowadays the health problems that occur are very complex and diverse, finding solutions to existing health problems is necessary for health research. Health research is carried out in order to address and solve problems that are often found in health world. Health research has two important goals, namely the first is to overcome or treat health problems or illnesses and diseases. Second to guard, maintain or improve the level of public health. This health research methodology book was prepared with the aim of assisting health workers in planning and conducting research. The authors hope that this book will be useful for readers and can contribute to the development of knowledge, especially in the health sector. 

 The development of knowledge is increasingly rapid day by day, humans are created with various advantages, one of which is that they are curious by nature, this curious nature of humans is what will encourage humans to try something new and look for relationships between facts or phenomena and existing theories (Sastroasmoro and Ismael, 2016). Research is a systematic, rigorous, critical investigation and follows scientific steps aimed at answering questions about phenomena (Lobiondo-wood and Haber, 2013). Good research can improve scientific substance in order to gain new insights, truths and theories. As quickly as time developments in line with technological developments have resulted in an increase in human resources. With the expertise possessed by humans, accompanied by a great sense of responsibility and curiosity in increasing their particular knowledge, research is carried out. Research will produce quality knowledge; it is said quality knowledge because it has gone through a scientific and tested series. Health research is carried out in order to address and solve problems that are often found in the health world. Health research has two important goals, the first is to overcome or dealing with health problems or illnesses and diseases. Second is maintain or improve the level of public health. Universally, the research arena in the health sector does not escape efforts to explain problems in the areas of preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative. Science is universal knowledge; knowledge is acquired in a logical, detailed and integrated manner. On the other hand, research is a planned experimental study activity accompanied by careful and organized research on a particular object or subject in order to obtain data, answers or knowledge. Research will always coexist with science because to obtain good research it must be based on science and with research activities, science can be developed even more widely. 

The relationship between knowledge and research is like process and result, where research acts as both process and science as a result (Notoatmodjo, 2018). Carrying out research properly is carried out using scientific methods (objective, factual, logical and empirical). The research objective is a reference for research to provide direction to researchers to clarify the objectives to be achieved (Notoatmodjo, 2018). The purpose of a research must be initiated in the form of an affirmation precisely, measurably and clearly. The research objectives can be divided into two namely general goals and specific goals.  The benefits of research in life and scientific disciplines are enormous especially for the development of that field of life or scientific discipline (Dharmawan, 2014). In general, health research has two benefits, namely theoretical benefits and practical benefits. Theoretical benefits namely theory development, complementing existing theories, discovery of new theories or a new concept. Meanwhile practical benefits are related to research results that have an influence on application in the field or in society and as material for consideration in policy making or health programs. With health research, various aspects can be discovered, either limiting or supporting the improvement of health and health services for individuals, groups and communities. In order to develop a health system, a good, precise and accurate planning is needed. Accurate planning really requires accurate data and information as well as encouragement of relevant research. The conclusion is that the basis of good research is a solid theoretical basis. The preparation of a scientific framework for thinking is based on theory and previous research conducted by experts is presented in detail structured and comprehensive. Background preparation comprehensiveness is the basis for a complete explanation of a theory that will be reviewed in the literature review. The literature review is structured based on the presentation justification of data, problem incidence rates, impacts, existing policies carried out to overcome problems to solve problems which is explained in the research background.