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Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2640-1045/220
1Professor, Director Molecular Endocrinology lab, Division Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Bldg. HU Hospital, 2041 Georgia Ave, N.W., Washington, DC 20060.
2Diabetes Treatment Center, Howard U. Hospital, 2041 Georgia Ave, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20060.
3Honors, Undergraduate Pre-med Student, Howard University College of Arts and Sciences, 2400 6th St NW, Washington, D.C. 20059.
*Corresponding Author: Gambhir Kanwal K, Professor, Director Molecular Endocrinology lab, Division Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Bldg. HU Hospital, 2041 Georgia Ave, N.W., Washington, DC 20060.
Citation: Gambhir Kanwal K., Bernard., Rehkia Morgan., Gabrielle F. Maurice., Nunlee B. Gail., (2025), Imbalance in Circulating Hormones May Accelerate the Aging of Key Internal Organs in Man, J. Endocrinology and Disorders, 9(3); DOI:10.31579/2640-1045/220
Copyright: © 2025, Gambhir Kanwal K. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 17 July 2025 | Accepted: 06 August 2025 | Published: 26 August 2025
Keywords: circulating hormones; internal organs; accelerate ageing; biomarkers; kidney; heart; lungs; liver; gastrointestinal track; biological age; chronological age
The objective of this review article is to provide a distinct overview of the vast literature suggesting that the imbalance in circulating hormones accelerates the aging of internal organs. Aging is described as an inevitable process that affects all living organisms, often accompanied by a decline in cellular function. By understanding the role of hormones in the process of aging, this article hopes to identify their effects on key organs in human systems which in turn lead to age-related diseases, namely Alzheimer’s, breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, etc. These hormones are transported throughout the blood stream to their target organs or tissues to trigger a response to stimuli and maintain internal homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that an imbalance in the concentration of these hormones over time causes changes in bodily organs, aging them biologically, highlighting a contrast between human chronological age and the biological age of organs. This article aims to show that these differences in biological versus chronological age of key organs are because of the imbalances in hormones which often result in catastrophic effects on the human body. By identifying these hormones that affect the aging process of organs, future scientists would be able to facilitate improvements in the treatments of age-related diseases.
ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen
DNAm: Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation
EML: Epigenic Mutation Load
FSH: Follicle–Stimulating Hormone
GH: Growth Hormone
GHRH: Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone
HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy
IGF-1: Insulin-like Growth Factor 1
IGF-1R: Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor
LH: Luteinizing Hormone
PAX8: Paired-box Gene 8
PAS: Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain
PTH: Parathyroid Hormone
TGF: Transforming Growth Factor
T3: Thyroxine
T4: Triiodothyronine
TH: Thyroid Hormone
TSH: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
According to the World Health Organization, by 2050, the number of people age 60 and over will have doubled, making it increasing likely that age-related illnesses will become more common causes of death than seen in previous years. An understanding of the aging process can help further our interpretation of disease and death. Identifying the biological age of the isolated organs can help reveal the association between age-related changes in metabolic hormones and their effects on other parts of the body. A multi-omic study suggests that there may be systemic clocks that overlay organ-specific counterparts [1]. Biomarkers, classified into nine categories by body system, were used for the generation of biological age and studied for patterns of correlation with chronological age. The biological age of the renal and sex hormone systems had the highest correlation. Sex hormone age was also associated with the renal and immune systems. The generation of biomarkers to classify signs of aging may also be useful for understanding how the aging of one system affects another, with further applications when considering the effects of lifestyle modifications through diet and exercise. In this paper, we review current literature on the metabolic and hormonal changes that occur during aging, with emphasis on the subsequent effects on vital organs including: the heart, kidney, lungs, GI tract and liver. This paper also examines the specific effects that change in the concentrations of hormones cause on these key organs, as well as their respective organ systems, and how this contributes to the health effects seen as aging gradually occur. Table 1 summarizes the organs which secrete and produce the various hormones.
| Organ (Shape Description) | Hormones |
| Hypothalamus (Funnel-shaped) | Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone |
| Pituitary gland (anterior/posterior) (Pea-shaped) | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Growth Hormone |
| Thyroid gland (Butterfly-shaped) | Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3), Calcitonin, |
| Parathyroid Gland (oval-shaped) | Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) |
| Adrenal glands (Triangular) | Cortisol, Aldosterone, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine |
| Pancreas (Flat leaf-shaped) | Insulin, Glucagon |
| Pineal Gland (cone-shaped) | Melatonin |
| Liver (Wedge-shaped) | IGF-1, Calcidiol (Vitamin D precursor) |
| Stomach (J-shaped) | Gastrin, Ghrelin |
| Small Intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) (Long, coiled tube) | Secretin, Cholecystokinin (CCK), Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP), and Motilin |
| Kidneys (Bean-shaped) | Erythropoietin (EPO), Renin, Calcitriol (active Vitamin D) |
| Ovaries (Almond-shaped) | Estrogen, Progesterone |
| Testes (Oval-shaped) | Testosterone |
| Placenta (Disc-shaped during pregnancy) | Human Chronic Gonadotropin, Progesterone, Estrogen |
| Thymus (bilobed-shaped) | Thymosin, Thymopoietin |
Table 1: A Representation of the Hormone Secreted from each of the Endocrine Glands *
*The information was derived from references number 26 and 27
Hormonal Changes During the Aging Process
Changes In Growth Hormone Secretion During Aging
Growth hormone (GH), also referred to as somatotropin, is a peptide hormone secreted from the pituitary gland. It is directly responsible for an increased susceptibility to insulin resistance, lipolysis, and stimulating muscle growth. Growth hormone is secreted in a pulsatile fashion from the pituitary gland, with levels peaking at mid-puberty and declining by 50% every 7 to 10 years [2]. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) release is stimulated by growth hormones and acts as negative feedback. The decline of GH seen in aging is caused by a reduction in the amplitude of secretory episodes. Contrastingly, in the elderly, serum growth hormone concentration still rises at night as compared to young study subjects [2]. There is a parallel decline in serum IGF-1 levels and GH secretion as aging occurs. The lower output synthesis of growth hormone during the aging process is correlated with an increase in total body and visceral fat and declines in estrogen and androgen concentrations [2].
At present, there is no approved therapy to treat the reduction of growth hormone levels associated with aging. A single-center observational study on the effects of long-term growth hormone replacement in growth hormone deficient patients of all ages showed a decrease in waist circumference, waist-height ratio, and hip circumference in the adult group. It was concluded that the reduction in these parameters was to reflect the effect of GH on limiting central body fat deposits that occur with age [4].
Changes In Testosterone During Aging
Testosterone is the male sex hormone that is produced in the testes as part of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Its effects are largely related to male reproductive health - androgenization, sexuality, and fertility. Testosterone levels are impacted by aging but have not been attributed to any progression of the aging process, though reproductive health has been linked with general health [2]. The recent studies on testosterone and aging are largely aimed at understanding the effects of the aging process on spermatogenesis and implications on children born to parents with advanced age. Increased paternal age and the changes that come with it carry an increased risk of infertility and impaired offspring health.
Changes in Thyroid Hormone Secretion During Aging
Thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland and stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormones released from the pituitary gland, are the main metabolic peptide hormones. There is an inverse correlation between thyroid hormone (TH) levels, specifically T3 and T4, and longevity studied in different mammalian species and is a proposed biomarker of healthy aging and metabolic fitness [5]. Recent studies have largely been aimed at understanding the correlation between thyroid hormone levels and longevity, instead of the ways thyroid hormones fluctuate because of the aging process. In a study of thyroid hormone modulation and its effects on health and welfare in mice models, results were consistent with human studies that associate decreased life expectancy with higher levels of thyroid hormone [5]. Mice with mild hypothyroidism were found to have increased mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, two processes that are commonly found in aged tissues.
Changes in Estrogen During Aging
Estrogen is regulated through the ovarian axis and is related to the aging of the ovaries. Aging of the human ovary is predetermined for midlife senescence, unlike the other endocrine axes. The decline in ovarian follicle number ends with menopause, at which the menstrual period ceases. Aside from its widely known function in the reproductive system, estrogen also plays a role in maintaining bone density. The decline in estrogen levels seen in post-menopausal women contribute to the frailty associated with old age, increasing the risk for osteoporosis and bone fragility.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been studied and used clinically in postmenopausal women to treat some associated symptoms of estrogen deficiency seen in advanced age. A London-based post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial on the effects of HRT on bone density showed that women with estrogen replacement-maintained collagen in the intervertebral discs and upregulated glycosaminoglycan synthesis that maintains water content in the discs. It was concluded that estrogen administration was associated with increased intervertebral disc heights, with implications on the increase in disc collagen and water content [6]. This effect could be partially responsible for reducing the risk of vertebral fractures.
Organ Specific Changes in Aging
Thyroid Hormone Control and Liver Aging
To understand the correlation between thyroid hormone levels and longevity, mice with hyper- and hypothyroidism were studied for their lifespan and health status. Hypothyroid mice demonstrated increased insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and increased chance of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. This information is consistent with studies that conflate the PAX8 gene mutation resulting in hypothyroidism with “development of hepatocellular carcinomas in Asian and Non-Hispanic white cohort [5]. Mice that displayed mild hypothyroidism did not live longer in comparison to wild type mice. Oleic acid was increased in the hypothyroid mice, consistent with the previous findings that show increased fatty acid intake promotes hepatoma progression. The mice also showed enhanced markers of mitochondrial beta oxidation, and there was evidence of altered antioxidant response and net accumulation of oxidative damage [4]. The study proposes the mice as appropriate models to study the mechanisms and effects of hypothyroidism.
The Aging Heart
Aging of the cardiac system promotes structural and functional dysregulation that leads to the development of various cardiovascular pathologies. Understanding what endocrine changes during aging may contribute to these changes may help outline what biomarkers can be used to accurately assess biological age as well as chronological age [20].
Insulin-Like Growth Factor and Effects on Cardiac Aging
Reduced activity of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) is understood to extend the lifespan of model organisms and exhibits negative feedback on the somatotropic axis to regulate growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), growth hormone, and IGF-1 [7]. Normal IGF-1 levels are shown to be protective against inflammation and endothelial damage [8]. It is primarily produced in the liver via stimulation from growth hormone and minds to IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1R) to exert its effects on organ growth [8]. It has a role in the cellular growth and metabolism of almost all organ systems, but there is conflicting evidence on the effect on age-related, non-proliferative pathologies. There is a peak of IGF-1 in the teenage years and a decline with age that is variable, related to fat mass, biological sex, hormonal status, and diet [8].
Recent studies aimed at defining the relationship between IGF-1R signaling and cardiac health and lifespan further indicate the possible biphasic effect of IGF-1R signaling in a lifespan. While it was previously understood to be a linear relationship, late-in-life treatment with IGF-1R monoclonal antibodies has been shown to improve cardiac function in female mice. In this study, the beneficial effects of overexpressed IGF-1R signaling were lost by 12 months of age in mouse models. When measuring autophagy and mitochondrial oxidative capacity, there was greater accumulation of autophagic substrate and autophagy-related lapidated form of a microtubule-associated protein that points to “either increased formation or reduced degradation of autophagosomes” [10]. Autophagy is linked to mitochondrial function, and it was found that mice IGF1R overexpression led to mitochondria with lower amounts of ATP, meaning there was impaired oxidative capacity and increased oxidative stress. There was also an increase in glycolytic intermediates including lactate in the myocardium that suggests increased anaerobic metabolism. Spermidine, an autophagy inducer, has been confirmed to prevent the IGF1-induced suppression of autophagy. Treating aged IGF-1R-overexpressed mice with spermidine improved multiple parameters of cardiac dysfunction, further suggesting autophagy as a factor in the cardiac dysfunction seen in this group [11]. When studying the translation potential to aged human hearts, there was no increase in IGF-1R expression in hypertrophic hearts as compared to control hearts. However, there was a nearly 2-fold increase in IGF-1R expression as compared with normal controls and non-failing hypertrophic human myocardium [10]. Overall, age was proposed as the determinant of the cardiac effects of IGF-1R signaling so that inhibition of cardiac IGF-1R signaling in late life likely suppresses the biological effects of cardiac aging, particularly those due to autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction.
The Aging Liver
The aging process generally comes from impaired metabolism and accumulated oxidative stress that then manifests as a decline in physiologic function of an organ. In the liver, there is a deterioration of the liver function that is linked to systemic susceptibility to other age-related disease processes [12]. The liver produces most of the glutathione responsible for maintaining redox status. Aged hepatocytes produce a higher level of inflammatory cytokines that lead to increased reactive oxygen species-mediated activity. Interventions aimed at promoting healthy liver aging would be important in reducing the oxidative damage that speeds up aging.
The Aging Kidney
In a study on male rats aimed at characterization of age-related markers of kidney function, blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly different between young (3 months) and aged (24 months) rats. Serum BUN, uric acid, and glucose were among the conventional markers of kidney function. Total urinary albumin increased in the aged rats, but the total urinary protein levels did not differ between young and old rats. PAS-positive areas of the extracellular matrix of the glomeruli were “significantly increased” in 24-month-old rats. Interstitial fibrosis was shown in aged rats and was supported by the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, including TGF-alpha and TGF-beta. It was determined that markers of inflammation and urine metabolites were the most promising proposed markers of kidney aging in human models [12].
Effects Of Diet and Exercise
Caloric Restriction and Cardiac Senescence
Understanding the role that diet, and exercise can play in promoting healthy aging will help define some of the measures of aging to be studied. Maintaining a healthy diet has demonstrated positive effects on metabolism and physiologic functioning. In a study of caloric restriction and its effects on cardiac aging in obese diabetic rats, it was found that caloric restriction increased the expression of markers of cardiac senescence (e.g. IGF-w) and improved myocardial degradation [14]. While the mechanism is still unknown, caloric restriction reduced the oxidative stress associated with aging and increased telomerase activity. These benefits are thought to be associated with improvement of diastolic dysfunction in the hearts of diabetic rats.
Age And Physiological Function in Active Older Adults
The relationship between age and physiologic function is of increased interest but misunderstood. Because of the large number of confounding factors, it is difficult to define parameters that accelerate or decelerate aging. A cross-sectional study aimed at removing these confounding factors suggests that the relationship between function and physiological age has many interrelated factors, but that physical activity should be among the factors taken into consideration [15]. Genetic variation and lifestyle choices are among the variables to be taken into consideration to determine the relationship between age and function. A group of highly active men and women were studied and proposed as a viable model for healthy aging. The correlations found in this study were statistically significant, however none of the parameters studied were determined to be reliable markers that could consistently predict an individual's function at a given age [15].
Biomarkers Of Aging Slowed in Diet and Exercise Intervention Trial
Epigenetics based on DNA methylation is one proposed biomarker of aging that is increasing in accuracy. A study analyzing diet and exercise effects on aging biomarkers in healthy postmenopausal women showed evidence of a causal association with lifestyle-modification and the decline of DNA-methylation (DNAm) biomarkers. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with slowed DNAm measured aging, while consumption of processed meats demonstrated an unfavorable increase in the epigenetic mutation load (EML). The lifestyle changes of improved diet quality and increased physical activity, specifically increased physical activity, lead to decrease of EML’s. This study was conducted with women, so any differences attributed to gender cannot be assessed [17].
The imbalanced hormones that cause accelerated aging of the key internal organs are listed in table 2.
| Key Internal Organ | Imbalanced Hormone |
Heart
| Progesterone, Thyroid Hormones, Cortisol, Parathyroid Hormone, Sex Hormones |
Liver
| Estrogen, Testosterone, Thyroid Hormones, GH, IGF-1 |
Lungs
| Glucocorticoids, Sex Hormones, Ediponectin, Leptin, Insulin, Thyroid Hormones |
Kidney
| LH, FSH, GH, Testosterone (free), Estrogen, Calcitriol, Erythropoietin, PTH, Complex interplay of several hormones |
Gastrointestinal Tract
| Sex Hormones, GH, IGF-1, TH, CCK, Leptin, Ghrelin |
Table 2: A Representation of the Specific Imbalanced Hormone that Impacts Vital Organs during Aging in Man
It is important to acknowledge that the endocrine organs responsible for producing hormones are controlled by other hormones, both of which are impacted by aging. For example, an endocrine tissue may produce less of its hormone than it did at a younger age, or it may produce the same amount at a slower rate. It is important to note that imbalance in hormonal levels can contribute to the accelerated aging of key internal organs through various mechanisms. Hormones are powerful signals, and an imbalance, particularly decline in key hormones, are closely linked to an acceleration in cellular aging. A sharp drop in estrogen production during menopause has been seen to accelerate biological aging in women [17]. A recent that explores the effect of estrogen deficiency and aging on organismal homeostasis during menopause provides an excellent viewpoint on overall women’s health [34].
The markers of aging differ in the internal versus external environment of man. This difference is seen between the biological age of organs, some of which age slower than others due to lifestyle influences, among other factors and the chronological age which is fixed [21]. The dynamics of biological processes during aging are also because of the difference seen in organs since they do not age simultaneously and as a result of these biological functions have become more closely associated with the organ’s pathological age, rather than the chronological age of the human [22].
This review clearly demonstrates that the imbalance in hormones accelerates the biological aging of key internal organs in the human body. The antiaging gene, sirtuin1, is important to the prevention of accelerated aging and diabetes seen in humans. Sirtuin 1 inhibitor causes insulin resistance and reduces plasma Sirtuin 1 levels. Chronic exogenous hyperinsulinemia might lead to the suppression of Sirtuin1 activity [32, 33]. The study also clearly demonstrates that imbalances in insulin result in dysfunction of pancreatic tissue [33].
Hormonal changes represent a central mechanism through which aging exerts its effects on human physiology. The decline in anabolic hormones such as GH, IGF-1, melatonin, estrogen, and testosterone, alongside alterations in thyroid function, contribute to functional impairments across all organs. These endocrine changes intersect with inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic stress, further accelerating the aging process. These functional impairments have been linked to a reduction in muscle mass and age-related insulin resistance, a contributing factor to the increase in type 2 Diabetes seen in older populations [19]. Importantly, lifestyle modifications, specifically improved diet quality, stress reduction and increased physical activity, have shown potential in mitigating these hormonal shifts and their downstream consequences. Continued investigation into the interplay between hormones, organ-specific aging, and modifiable behaviors holds promise for developing targeted interventions and reliable biomarkers to promote healthy aging and improved quality of life in later years.
Author Contributions
Author Contributions
Dr. Kanwal Gambhir conceived this idea, redrafted the original draft and edited the final draft. Rekhia Bernard drafted the original draft of the manuscript to fulfill the requirements for her MS IV elective. Gabrielle Morgan prepared the pre-final draft under the supervision of Dr Gambhir. Dr Maurice Fluitt and Dr Gail Nunlee-Bland edited the final draft as well.
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Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
I recommend without hesitation submitting relevant papers on medical decision making to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I am very grateful to the editorial staff. Maria Emerson was a pleasure to communicate with. The time from submission to publication was an extremely short 3 weeks. The editorial staff submitted the paper to three reviewers. Two of the reviewers commented positively on the value of publishing the paper. The editorial staff quickly recognized the third reviewer’s comments as an unjust attempt to reject the paper. I revised the paper as recommended by the first two reviewers.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Thank you for publishing our case report: "Clinical Case of Effective Fetal Stem Cells Treatment in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder" within the "Journal of Clinical Research and Reports" being submitted by the team of EmCell doctors from Kyiv, Ukraine. We much appreciate a professional and transparent peer-review process from Auctores. All research Doctors are so grateful to your Editorial Office and Auctores Publishing support! I amiably wish our article publication maintained a top quality of your International Scientific Journal. My best wishes for a prosperity of the Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. Hope our scientific relationship and cooperation will remain long lasting. Thank you very much indeed. Kind regards, Dr. Andriy Sinelnyk Cell Therapy Center EmCell
