Short Communication | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/267
Candidate of Biological Science, Associative Professor Grodno State Medical University, Belarus
*Corresponding Author: Bon L.I, Candidate of Biological Science, Associative Professor Grodno State Medical University, Belarus.
Citation: Fliuryk S., Dremza I., Bon L.I., Malenovskaya M.Y., Senko N.S., et al, (2026), Generation of Free Radicals and Antioxidant Protection of Mitochondria, J. Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews, 12(5); DOI:10.31579/2690-4861/267
Copyright: © 2026, Bon L.I. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Received: 03 August 2026 | Accepted: 10 August 2026 | Published: 20 August 2026
Keywords: reactive oxygen species; ubisemiquinone; mitochondria
The main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell is mitochondrial respiration. It was first shown that isolated mitochondria from the liver and heart of animals are active sources of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is capable of diffusing into the cytosol.
The main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell is mitochondrial respiration. It was first shown that isolated mitochondria from the liver and heart of animals are active sources of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is capable of diffusing into the cytosol [1,2]. It is assumed that in the heart and liver of rats, mitochondrial H2O2 production accounts for approximately 0.5% of the total organ O2 consumption when mitochondria use substrates such as succinate or malate-glutamate, and about 0.15% when palmitoyl-carnitine is used as a substrate. Somewhat later, it was established that the precursor of mitochondrial H2O2 is superoxide (O2·⁻), and its main source in mitochondria was identified as the autoxidation of ubisemiquinone (UQH·) [2,3]. It is currently known that O2·⁻ is formed not only during the autoxidation of UQH·, but also due to electron leakage from complexes I, II, and III of the electron transport chain (ETC) to molecular oxygen.
Significant progress in the study of mitochondrial free radical processes was the demonstration of the kinetics of O2·⁻ formation in the mitochondria of living cells and organs. Thus, in cell cultures loaded with a new O2·⁻ biosensor (yellow fluorescent protein), researchers observed fluorescence bursts in individual mitochondria or groups of functionally connected mitochondria, reflecting O2·⁻ production [4]. The distinctive feature of this fluorescent protein was that it did not react with other ROS in the cell, such as H2O2, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical, or NO [4]. The result of O2·⁻ release was the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) not associated with Ca²⁺ release. O2·⁻-initiated mPTP opening was associated with ETC activity and was ATP-dependent. The generation of O2·⁻ correlated with a transient decrease in membrane potential, matrix acidification, and mitochondrial swelling. Anoxia or moderate hypoxia reduced the frequency of O2·⁻ fluorescence flashes in cardiomyocytes, highlighting the role of selective ROS production in the cell. This process utilizes scavenging and detoxifying systems in signaling cascades, as well as kinases, phosphatases, membrane channels, and transporters. However, some researchers [5] have disputed the idea that mitochondria are the main producers of O2·⁻ and H2O2 in mammalian cells, arguing that the generation of free radicals by mitochondria may be an artifact resulting from disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity during isolation [6]. These same authors showed that disruption of redox coupling at the ubiquinone/cytochrome bc1 site, which depends on the physical state of the inner mitochondrial membrane, is accompanied by electron leakage and ROS generation.
The second source of ROS in the cell comprises certain mitochondrial enzymes, in particular two enzymes of the Krebs cycle — aconitase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase — as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidases A and B, and cytochrome b5 reductase.
The third important source of mitochondrial ROS production is mitochondrial NO synthase (mtNOS) [7,8]. In hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes, NOS is localized inside the mitochondria, whereas in endothelial cells it is associated with the intermembrane side of the outer mitochondrial membrane [8].
The majority of O2·⁻ (70–80%) formed in the mitochondrial ETC enters the matrix, while 20–30% enters the intermembrane space. Previously, two main pathways of O2·⁻ production in the mitochondrial ETC were described in detail: 1) as a result of the autoxidation of intermediate semiquinones (UQH· for the redox pair ubiquinol/ubiquinone: UQH· + O₂ → UQ + H⁺ + O2·⁻) [2], and 2) as a result of the oxidation of the coenzyme FMNH2/FMN by NADH dehydrogenase (FMNH· + O₂ → FMN + H⁺ + O2·⁻) [9]. It is known that semiquinones are non-enzymatically oxidized by molecular O₂, forming O2·⁻. It has been proven that ubisemiquinone is the main quantitative source of one-electron reduction of O2 in the mitochondrial ETC [10].
The formation of H2O2 in mitochondria is modulated by their metabolic state and the intramitochondrial concentration of NO. Thus, H2O2 production in metabolic state IV is approximately 4–5 times higher than in metabolic state III and amounts to 0.3–0.8 nmol H₂O₂·min⁻¹·mg protein⁻¹ in state IV and only 0.05–0.15 nmol H2O₂·min⁻¹·mg protein⁻¹ in state III [11]. Ion fluxes across the inner mitochondrial membrane have a strong effect on the rate of H2O2 formation, indicating a regulatory role of the membrane potential in the process of UQH· autoxidation [12].
The synthesis of nitric oxide catalyzed by mtNOS occurs in an enzymatic reaction that requires arginine, NADPH, and O2 as substrates. As a result of the reaction, citrulline, H2O, and NO are formed (NADPH + arginine + O₂ → NADP⁺ + H2O + citrulline + NO). Three different genomic NOS isoforms are known: neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS1), inducible NOS of macrophages (iNOS or NOS2), and endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS3). Two independent groups of researchers have established that one of the sources of nitric oxide is the mitochondria [13,14]. Mitochondrial NO is produced by one of the isoforms of NOS — mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase. Physiological production of NO by the enzyme is interrelated with the regulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity: an increase in NO levels reduces cytochrome c oxidase activity through S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in complexes IV and I [10,15]. In the uncoupled state, endothelial NOS (eNOS) generates the superoxide anion radical [16]. Uncoupling does not require dissociation and monomerization of the enzyme; it most likely occurs as a result of substrate and tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency, leading to facilitated superoxide generation through a NO-dependent mechanism and accompanied by peroxynitrite formation with a decrease in NO levels. Numerous pathological conditions lead to eNOS uncoupling; for example, this was clearly demonstrated in endothelial dysfunction [17].
Subsequently, mitochondrial NO synthase was identified as a variant of post-translational modification of nNOS involving its myristoylation and phosphorylation [18]. For the enzymatic reaction of NO synthesis to occur, the concentrations of NADPH, arginine, O₂, and Ca²⁺ in mitochondria must be sufficient. Mitochondrial and submitochondrial preparations synthesize NO at a rate of 0.25–0.90 nmol·min⁻¹·mg protein⁻¹. It was calculated that the intramitochondrial steady-state concentrations of NO are 50–200 nM [10], and the NO release measured electrochemically in isolated mitochondria after the addition of Ca²⁺ amounted to 29 nM [20]. Under physiological conditions, tissue O2 saturation is approximately 25 µM, and the mitochondrial [O2]/[NO] ratio is 150–300, which supports 25–50% inhibition of cytochrome oxidase [21]. It has been shown that NO produced by NO donors or mtNOS inhibits complex III of the ETC (50% inhibition of electron transfer between cytochromes b and c occurs at an NO concentration of 0.2–0.4 µM) and increases the production of O2·⁻ and H2O2 in mitochondria and submitochondrial particles [22]. This mechanism is often involved in the molecular mechanisms of neurological diseases. However, controversies regarding the existence of mtNOS still remain [19].
Intramitochondrial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, such as O2·⁻, H2O₂, NO, and ONOO⁻, are potential activators of oxidative stress, which is considered a factor determining the molecular mechanisms of tissue dysfunction in inflammation, neurological diseases, and aging. Two of them, O2·⁻ and NO, are free radicals; however, due to their low reactivity, they do not participate in branching reactions but only in chain-terminating reactions, accompanied by the formation of H2O₂ and ONOO⁻. The latter two compounds are potentially dangerous because, after homolytic cleavage, they participate in the generation of the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (·OH) and the free radical NO2·, which is involved in protein nitration [23].
The formation of NO and H2O2 in rat liver mitochondria has an exponential dependence on the magnitude of the membrane potential [24]. In the mitochondrial matrix, the metabolism of NO and O2·⁻ is not limited by diffusion in the reaction leading to the formation of peroxynitrite (NO + O2·⁻ → ONOO⁻) [25]. This oxidative pathway of NO utilization (80%) is the main one in metabolism and consumes only a small portion of O2·⁻ (15%), whereas the reduction of NO by ubiquinol and cytochrome oxidase accounts for approximately 20% of NO utilization in mitochondria [10].
Peroxynitrite is a strong oxidant that, in its charged form, rapidly diffuses from the intramitochondrial space. Peroxynitrite irreversibly inhibits complexes I and III [26]; a significant increase in ONOO⁻ levels in mitochondria leads to their dysfunction and cell apoptosis. The level of ONOO⁻ in the mitochondrial matrix under physiological conditions is in the range of 2–5 nM [10], while levels above 20–30 nM are considered cytotoxic. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with excess NO and ONOO⁻ during ischemia/reperfusion, inflammation, and aging [27]. In the mitochondrial matrix, peroxynitrite rapidly reacts with CO₂ to form the ONOOCO₂⁻ adduct (k = 6 × 10⁴ M⁻¹s⁻¹), which also participates in the nitration and oxidation of proteins and lipids. Formation of the adduct reduces the steady-state level of ONOO⁻ from 30 nM to 2 nM [28] and is considered one of the pathways for detoxification of mitochondrial ONOO⁻ at high mitochondrial CO2 concentrations (1 mM).
Mitochondria have a multi-level system of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense, which ensures the detoxification of produced ROS. Enzymatic components include manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) [29], catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (which reduces hydroperoxides of phospholipids, lipoproteins, and cholesterol esters) [30], as well as enzymes involved in the regeneration of oxidized forms of small antioxidant molecules, such as glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, glutaredoxin, and peroxiredoxin [31]. For the regeneration of glutathione-by-glutathione reductase and the restoration of thioredoxin 2 by thioredoxin reductase, the presence of NADPH is required. Mutations in the genes corresponding to these enzymes are associated with certain types of pathology, such as idiopathic cardiomyopathy, neurological diseases, impaired glucose metabolism, and tumors [32,33].
Non-enzymatic components of antioxidant defense include a number of hydrophilic and lipophilic free radical scavengers, such as cytochrome c, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, and reduced glutathione (GSH).
The main part of mitochondrial O₂·⁻ diffuses into the matrix, where it interacts with intramitochondrial MnSOD, which catalyzes the reaction 2O2·⁻ + 2H⁺ → O₂ + H2O2. The steady-state concentrations of O2·⁻ in the mitochondrial matrix are 0.2–0.3 nM at a content of 10–40 µM MnSOD reactive centers [31]. O2·⁻ diffusing into the intermembrane space reacts with cytochrome c located on the outer side of the inner membrane and with Cu,Zn-SOD of the intermembrane space [34].
Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the conversion of H2O2 and the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides (ROOH) with the participation of reduced glutathione [H2O₂ (ROOH) + 2GSH → GSSG + 2H2O (ROH + H2O)] and is a unique enzyme that uses H2O2 as a substrate in the mitochondria of most mammalian organs, with the exception of the heart, where mitochondrial catalase has been described [35]. Due to the activity of glutathione peroxidase, 60% of H2O2 formed in the mitochondria is metabolized, indicating its important role in H2O2 detoxification and in the reduction of mitochondrial hydroperoxides [36]. GSH deficiency is associated with widespread mitochondrial dysfunction leading to cell damage [37]. The functioning of glutathione peroxidase requires a continuous supply of GSH to the mitochondria from the cytosol, where it is synthesized. A separate enzyme, NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase located in the mitochondrial matrix, is highly active and maintains the GSH/GSSG ratio in a highly reduced state [38].
Thus, ROS generation in structurally and functionally intact mitochondria is balanced by the antioxidant defense system, which limits the spread and bioavailability of ROS. A reduction in the level of antioxidant defense in mitochondria is a prerequisite for increased ROS production, the development of oxidative stress, and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction.
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I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
